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1.
Summary. We study a one-sector stochastic optimal growth model with a representative agent. Utility is logarithmic and the production function is of the Cobb-Douglas form with capital exponent
. Production is affected by a multiplicative shock taking one of two values with positive probabilities p and 1-p. It is well known that for this economy, optimal paths converge to a unique steady state, which is an invariant distribution. We are concerned with properties of this distribution. By using the theory of Iterated Function Systems, we are able to characterize such a distribution in terms of singularity versus absolute continuity as parameters
and p change. We establish mutual singularity of the invariant distributions as p varies between 0 and 1 whenever
. More delicate is the case
. Singularity with respect to Lebesgue measure also appears for values
such that
. For
and
Peres and Solomyak (1998) have shown that the distribution is a.e. absolutely continuous. Characterization of the invariant distribution in the remaining cases is still an open question. The entire analysis is summarized through a bifurcation diagram, drawn in terms of pairs
.Received: 9 April 2002, Revised: 29 October 2002, JEL Classification Numbers:
C61, O41.Correspondence to: Tapan MitraThis research was partially supported by CNR (Italy) under the "Short-term mobility" program and by M.U.R.S.T. (Italy) National Group on "Nonlinear Dynamics and Stochastic Models in Economics and Finance" . We are indebted to Rabi Bhattacharya for providing us with the reference to Solomyak's (1995) paper. The present version has benefitted from comments by Mukul Majumdar and two anonymous referees. 相似文献
2.
This paper attempts to combine the political economics models on separation of powers between the legislature and the executive with public choice theories on the behavior of the judicial branch. We obtain a model of political accountability and checks and balances with up to three government branches: the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. We conclude that an independent judiciary improves the political accountability of democratic systems relative to the political economics models with two government branches. An accommodating judiciary, however, changes the distribution of political rents without improving accountability. 相似文献
3.
Fabio D'Orlando 《Atlantic Economic Journal》1996,24(1):83-93
The collection of essays edited by Giovanni Caravale has the explicit aim of letting the reader know the principal positions
that have characterized the long-lasting debate in the themes of Marxian economics. In particular, the book is concerned with
the contributions of those authors who recognize the relevance of Piero Sraffa's analysis for the interpretation of Marxian
economic thought, showing that, even among these authors, opinions on the topic are deeply different. The book consists of
two volumes: the first one, "Values, Prices and Exploitation," deals with the main theme of Marxian value theory, while the
second, "The Future of Capitalism and the History of Thought," deals with discussion of the law of the falling rate of profit
and of the role of Marx's theory in the history of economic thought. 相似文献
4.
Fabio ManziniAuthor Vitae Jorge IslasAuthor VitaePaloma MacíasAuthor Vitae 《Technological Forecasting and Social Change》2011,78(6):931-944
This article focuses on the problem of assessing the environmental sustainability of energy projects. For this purpose an original model, which is based on various indicators that measure the environmental sustainability of energy projects, has been developed. This model, so called index of environmental sustainability of energy projects (IESEP), can be used in scenario comparison, while measuring the effectiveness of the proposed alternatives. Finally, an example of how to use this model is provided by analyzing alternatives to ameliorate the environmental sustainability of a hydroelectric project. In doing so, it is possible to show the usefulness of this model when used as a decision making tool for energy planners. 相似文献
5.
Learning, monetary policy rules, and macroeconomic stability 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Several papers have documented a regime switch in US monetary policy from ‘passive’ and destabilizing in the pre-1979 period to ‘active’ and stabilizing afterwards. These studies typically work with DSGE models with rational expectations.This paper relaxes the assumption of rational expectations and allows for learning instead. Economic agents form expectations from simple models and update the parameters through constant-gain learning. In this setting, the paper aims to test whether monetary policy may have been a source of macroeconomic instability in the 1970s by inducing unstable learning dynamics.The model is estimated by Bayesian methods. The constant-gain coefficient is jointly estimated with the structural and policy parameters in the system.The results show that monetary policy was respecting the Taylor principle also in the pre-1979 period and, therefore, did not trigger macroeconomic instability. 相似文献
6.
This paper offers an overview of the literature on the economic and financial applications of theory of nonlinear dynamics, especially bifurcation theory. After a short introductory discussion of the first nonlinear dynamic models in social sciences and the economic relevance of the zoo of bifurcations and complicated dynamics that such models can generate, we present an overview of the literature on nonlinear dynamic models in the areas of underdevelopment, environmental poverty traps, the management of common goods, industrial organization and financial markets. The review of the literature is enriched by reflections and ideas for future research. 相似文献
7.
Nicola Matteucci Raffaella Santolini Silvio Di Fabio 《Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics》2023,94(4):1233-1271
Public administrations have been adopting information and communication technologies (ICT) to transform their internal organization and provide better public services to citizens and firms. However, the external benefits, despite being deemed relevant, have been empirically overlooked. We first explore the relation between ICT diffusion in public administrations and business demography at the municipal level by studying the Italian context. Our results show that ICT diffusion in the PA contributes to significantly reducing the death rate of firms and boosting their turnover rate. The adoption of ICT in the PA also exerts a positive impact on the firm birth rate, although it is not statistically significant. These results shed light on the importance of promoting e-government and framing coherent digital agendas as public instruments for supporting entrepreneurship and regional economic development. 相似文献
8.
This paper investigates the effects of portfolio flows on the US dollar–Japanese yen exchange rate changes over the period 1988:01–2011:04. Using a time-varying transition probability Markov-switching framework, the results suggest that the impact of portfolio flows on the dollar–yen exchange rate changes is state-dependent. In particular, the results show that portfolio inflows from Japan toward the US, more than monetary variables, strengthen the probability of remaining in the dollar–yen appreciation (low volatility) state. Therefore, credit controls on the flows can be used as a policy tool to pursue economic and financial stability. 相似文献
9.
10.
Fabio Privileggi 《Decisions in Economics and Finance》1995,18(2):165-180
A notion of finitely optimal plan for intertemporal optimization problems as a necessary condition for optimality is introduced. Under interiority of a feasible plan and differentiability of the return function, such a plan satisfies the stochastic analogue of deterministicEuler-Lagrange conditions, which become also sufficient conditions under concavity of the return function. Then, under more general assumptions, a sufficient criterion of optimality based on competitive plans supported by price systems and transversality conditions is discussed. Differently from the current literature, no restrictive hypotheses on the probability measure of the random shocks are assumed.
Sommario Nella prima parte del lavoro si studiano le soluzioni dettefinitamente ottime che costituiscono una condizione necessaria per l'ottimalità di un piano ammissibile . Sotto ipotesi di interiorità del piano ammissibile e di differenziabilità della funzione obiettivo uniperiodaleF, vengono formulate le condizioni necessarie diEuler-Lagrange in ambito stocastico; aggiungendo l'ulteriore ipotesi di concavità perF, tali condizioni diventano anche sufficienti per l'ottimalità finita.La teoria viene poi estesa al caso sopradifferenziabile ottenendo una generalizzazione delle condizioni di Euler-Lagrange stocastiche che consente di individuare i piani finitamente ottimi mediante la nozione dicompetitività, ovvero supportabilità di un sistema di prezzi aleatori. Con una condizione di trasversalità all'infinito, la competitività diventa condizione sufficiente anche per l'ottimalità propria (cioè non solo finita).La peculiarità della presente trattazione è che tali condizioni sono formulate sotto ipotesi molto generali per quanto riguarda il processo degli shocks esogeni.相似文献