Enhancing green product and process innovation: Towards an integrative framework of knowledge acquisition and environmental investment

Despite the increasing interest in green innovation literature, little is known on how and under what conditions firms' knowledge transfer activities affect green innovation. There is lack of research that on how particular organizational capabilities are seen more useful and how it influences on green innovation performance. To address this research gap, we examine a mediation model in which we explore whether a firm's knowledge acquisition capability and investment in environmental management mediate the impact of buyer-driven knowledge transfer activities on green product innovation and green process innovation. On the basis of an analysis of a sample of 239 manufacturing firms, we find that buyer-driven knowledge activities have a greater positive impact on green product innovation than green process innovation. Investment in environmental management fully mediates the relationship between buyer-driven knowledge transfer activities and green process innovation, and knowledge acquisition capability partially mediates the relationship between buyer-driven knowledge transfer activities and green product innovation. The current study provides evidence that internal competencies and the role of buyers in knowledge transfer are critical for explaining the green product innovation and green process innovation. Our results suggest that buyer involvement pushes firms to develop resource acquisition capability to enhance green product innovation. Our results also highlight the importance of investment in environmental management for overcoming the environmental challenges in the manufacturing firms.     

The joint venture company in Soviet law

Part 1 of this article appeared inMoct-Most n. 2/1991.     

Equilibrio e relazione distributiva in un modello di Sraffa con tassi di profitto eterogenei

Si considera un modello di Sraffa a produzione semplice nel quale l'ipotesi di uniformità del saggio di profitto è sostituita con quella di saggi di profitto eterogenei ma in rapporto costante tra di loro. Per tale modello vengono studiati l'esistenza di soluzioni, la costanza dei prezzi rispetto alle variabili distributive ed il legame funzionale tra queste, con speciale riguardo al caso lineare.

---

Summary This note deals with the well-known Sraffa's model of exchange for a simple production economy in the case where the sector profit rates bear constant proportions to each other. Some formal results are presented on the equilibria of the model, both in normal and in vertical integrated form, on the dependence, implicitly defined by the model, of the prices vector and of the wage rate on the profit parameter, and about the concepts of (generalized) standard productions and uniform composition of capital.

     

Dini derivatives in optimization — Part I

This paper, published in two parts, is mainly concerned with general properties of Dini derivatives of functions of one and several variables and with some applications of this topic to the study of generalized convexity and generalized optimality conditions for mathematical programming problems.In part I the basic definitions and properties are given, with reference both to functions of one real variable and to functions of several real variables. In this part special attention is given to the restatement of the basic theorems of the classical analysis to nondifferentiable functions, in terms of Dini derivatives.In part II we use these derivatives in order to define some classes of nondifferentiable generalized convex functions and the class of generalized upper quasidifferentiable functions. This part concludes with the development of optimality conditions for a nonsmooth programming problem, expressed in terms of the tools prevously introduced.

---

Riassunto Il presente lavoro, pubblicato in due parti, riguarda le principali proprietà dei numeri derivati di Dini (o derivate direzioni di Dini), sia di funzioni di una variablile che di più variabili, nonché alcune loro applicazioni allo studio della convessità generalizzata ed a problemi di ottimizzazione vincolata.Nella prima parte del lavoro si forniscono le definizioni e le proprietà fondamentali dei numeri derivati di Dini e vengono riformulati alcuni classici teoremi dell'an alisi, con riferimento a funzioni non differenziabili.Nella seconda parte tali derivate direzionali vengono applicate nello studio di alcune classi di funzioni convesse generalizzate non differenziabili e nell'ottenimento di condizioni di ottimalità per problemi (non differenziabili) di programmazione matematica.

---

---

This research was supported by the Italian Ministry of University and Scientific Research and by the National Science Foundation of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Arts (grant OTKA 354/86). The authors have shared their work as follows: Chapters 1 and 3 are attributed to the first author, whereas Chapters 2 and 4 are attributed to the second author. The Introduction and Chapter 5 is common.     

Jack of All Trades or a Master of One? Specialization,Trade, and Money*

We consider a model of decentralized exchange where individuals choose the set of goods they produce. Specialization involves producing a smaller set of goods and doing it more proficiently. In doing so, agents reduce production costs, but also reduce the ease of trading their output. We derive the equilibrium degree of specialization and examine how it is affected by underlying fundamentals. Due to the existence of a hold‐up problem, individuals specialize too little relative to the social optimum. Introducing money leads to more specialization relative to barter and increases welfare.     

Two Paradigms and Nobel Prizes in Economics: a Contradiction or Coexistence?

Abstract Markowitz and Sharpe won the Nobel Prize in Economics for the development of Mean‐Variance (M‐V) analysis and the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Kahneman won the Nobel Prize in Economics for the development of Prospect Theory. In deriving the CAPM, Sharpe, Lintner and Mossin assume expected utility (EU) maximisation in the face of risk aversion. Kahneman and Tversky suggest Prospect Theory (PT) as an alternative paradigm to EU theory. They show that investors distort probabilities, make decisions based on change of wealth, exhibit loss aversion and maximise the expectation of an S‐shaped value function, which contains a risk‐seeking segment. Can these two apparently contradictory paradigms coexist? We show in this paper that although CPT (and PT) is in conflict to EUT, and violates some of the CAPM's underlying assumptions, the Security Market Line Theorem (SMLT) of the CAPM is intact in the CPT framework. Therefore, the CAPM is intact also in CPT framework.     

Injuries among preschool children in the federal state of Brandenburg in relation to social factors – 1997–1999

The aim was to determine the epidemiology and risk factors of childhood and young adult injuries among long-term Afghan refugees in Pakistan. A stratified cluster study was undertaken on a random sample of refugee households from June to July 2002. The Afghan Refugee Injury Survey was administered to the head of the household and recorded all injuries among household members within the last 3 months. Crude injury incidence was 12.3 per 1000 population among those aged 0?–?29 years (age groups 0?–?4, 5?–?14 and 15?–?29 years). Those aged 15?–?29 years had the highest injury rate (18.3 per 1000) closely followed by those aged 5?–?14 (12.3 per 1000) and much higher than the 0?–?4 years category (2.3 per 1000). Falls accounted for most injuries (48%) with both road traffic injuries and assaults accounting for 15%. The 15?–?29 year age group (odds ratio?=?9.1) and those educated informally or for less than 6 years (odds ratio?=?2.10), were associated with injury (p?相似文献   

Young firms and innovation: A microeconometric analysis

This paper discusses the sources of product innovation in young innovative companies (YICs), here defined as firms engaged in product innovation and with less than 8 years of activity. In particular, we look at in-house and external R&D and at the acquisition of external technology in its embodied and disembodied components. These input–output relationships are tested on a sample of 2713 innovative Italian firms. A sample-selection approach is applied to study both the determinants of product innovation and the factors affecting the intensity of innovation.Results show that in-house R&D is linked to the propensity to introduce product innovation both in mature firms and YICs; however, innovation intensity in the YICs is mainly dependent on embodied technical change from external sources, while in-house R&D does not play a significant role.     

“Openness” of public governments in smart cities: removing the barriers for innovation and entrepreneurship

International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - Open innovation practices have been found to positively affect innovation and entrepreneurship due to the complementarities and uniqueness of...