土地价值与城市增长

文章介绍了城市经济动态模型。通过利用在经济学中广泛的效用函数及对效用函数的优化 ,得出城市土地地租有三部份构成 :农业土地地租 ;土地发展成本的租金 ;和区位或可达性所带来的级差地租 ,并进一步推出城市土地价值有四部分构成 :(1)农业土地价值 ;(2 )土地发展成本 ;(3)可达性的经济价值 ;(4)可预见的未来土地地租增值所带来的价值。相对应 ,城市边缘非城市土地价值有两部分组成 :一是与农业土地地租有关的土地价值 ,另一个是可预见的土地转变成城市用地后未来土地地租增值所带来的价值。城市经济动态理论及其结论丰富和发展了土地地租和土地价值理论 ,加深了对土地价值形成和发展的理解 ,有利于相关法规和政策的制定 ,以此提高城市土地利用效益和推动城市发展。最后 ,结合中国国情 ,文章分析了城市政策及土地政策对城市化的社会经济影响。     

我国城镇化的特征、动力与规划调控

文章总结了我国现阶段城市化的若干特征 ;分析了城镇化的基本动力。作者认为 ,要加快我国大部分地区的城镇化进程 ,关键是要培育一种合适的产业组织。文章最后对高速城镇化时期的规划调控的功能、管制重点、调控目标、调控手段等进行了分析。     

Insurance Fraud: What makes a case look suspicious?

By many, insurance fraud is believed to be widespread, but little is known about how to detect it. In recent years, some attempts have been made to find indicators for fraud. They are, however, probably hampered when relying on characteristics of established fraud, since the majority of fraudulent cases then remains excluded, leaving many white spots on the map. In choosing a different approach, we let subjects reason freely about insurance fraud, recording and analysing their clues, and comparing them to indicators found in previous research. Our findings show that not only much of available information is largely ignored, subjects tend to concentrate on other aspects than supposedly reliable fraud characteristics and experts fail to fare better than laypeople.