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11.
This paper introduces the special themed section on organizational interactions involving universities and firms that result in the commercialization of research and technology. Our objective is to shed light on some of the most vexing, yet under‐researched predicaments research institutions encounter, despite their best efforts to advance commercialization. First, we synthesize and extend recent studies, including the papers in the special themed section. Next, we develop a taxonomy of modes of commercialization. Specifically, we consider internal approaches, quasi‐internal approaches (e.g. incubators), university research parks, regional clusters, academic spin‐offs and start‐ups, licensing, contract research and consultancy, corporate venture capital, and open science and innovation. We also identify areas for further research at the individual (e.g. heterogeneity of entrepreneurial teams and experience; incentives), organizational and intra‐university (e.g. corporate governance; nature of growth strategies; relationships with trading partners; boundary spanning activities) and technology levels (e.g. institutional context; reconfiguration of technology; valuation of technology). 相似文献
12.
We define low-latency activity as strategies that respond to market events in the millisecond environment, the hallmark of proprietary trading by high-frequency traders though it could include other algorithmic activity as well. We propose a new measure of low-latency activity to investigate the impact of high-frequency trading on the market environment. Our measure is highly correlated with NASDAQ-constructed estimates of high-frequency trading, but it can be computed from widely-available message data. We use this measure to study how low-latency activity affects market quality both during normal market conditions and during a period of declining prices and heightened economic uncertainty. Our analysis suggests that increased low-latency activity improves traditional market quality measures—decreasing spreads, increasing displayed depth in the limit order book, and lowering short-term volatility. Our findings suggest that given the current market structure for U.S. equities, increased low-latency activity need not work to the detriment of long-term investors. 相似文献
13.
14.
Wen‐Liang Gideon Hsieh 《期货市场杂志》2009,29(10):920-945
On expiration days of the MSCI‐TW index futures, the Taiwan spot market is associated with abnormally large volume and high index volatility, along with mild index reversal. The effects concentrate only in the last five minutes of expiration days and appear to be strengthened by the adoption a call auction closing procedure by the Taiwan Stock Exchange. Individual index stocks show high volatility and strong tendency of price reversal, with large‐ and small‐cap stocks being affected more than the medium‐sized stocks. The highest‐weighted stocks exhibit excessive volume and volatility, which is disproportionate to the impact on all other index stocks, indicating that the expiration‐day effects may have been amplified by the attempt of price manipulation using large‐cap stocks. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 29:920–945, 2009 相似文献
15.
Gideon Fishelson 《Journal of Economics and Business》1984,36(4):415-420
In previous studies it was shown that the prevailance of a forward market in which a competitive firm can sell and buy unrestricted quantities of its output or of an input in employs in production eliminates the effects of the corresponding price uncertainties on production decisions. In this study we examine the effects on production decisions of narrowing the range of transactions a firm can perform. It turns out that restricting the firm only to hedge either in the output forward market or the input forward market makes the production decisions again sensitive to expected future prices and the attitude of the firm towards risk. 相似文献
16.
Gideon Magnus 《Financial Markets and Portfolio Management》2016,30(2):205-228
We present a simple model of yield curve dynamics which satisfies key criteria of plausibility. Specifically, yields are non-negative and the Sharpe ratio of a mean-variance optimal bond portfolio has a reasonable magnitude. The model matches stylized data features, in particular long-run moments of yields and excess returns. 相似文献
17.
The Who,Where, What,How and When of Market Entry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gideon D. Markman Peter Gianiodis G. Tyge Payne Christopher Tucci Igor Filatotchev Reddi Kotha Eric Gedajlovic 《Journal of Management Studies》2019,56(7):1241-1259
This introductory, along with the eight articles contained within this Special Issue, highlights and brings greater clarity to entrant‐incumbent interactions and to firm movement – when entrants traverse market territories for the creation and/or delivery of offerings, where ‘markets’ include service or product categories, technology or resource spaces, industries, sectors and/or geographies. Collectively, this Special Issues explains that firm movement across market boundaries is highly consequential, influencing resource‐capability mixes inside firms, interfirm relations, market logic and industry value chains, and of course, people, communities and even nations. Specifically, we develop a field‐wide perspective of market entry by expanding on the framework of market entry that Zachary and his colleagues developed (Zachary et al., 2015) – i.e., the who (players such as incumbents, entrants, suppliers, etc.), when (the timing and sequence of entry), how (the strategy, resources, capabilities, etc.), where (the space of entry) and what (product, service, business model, etc.) – to include two additional categories: complements (networks, platforms, ecosystems) and non‐market elements (government, political, social and cultural arrangements). We also summarize the eight highly diverse and insightful articles that make this Special Issue, and conclude with a discussion to highlight foundational questions that point to new directions in future research in this field. In sum, we hope to inspire scholars to go beyond counting outcomes (e.g., entry/exit rates, or profiling successful versus unsuccessful entrants), to consider contexts, processes and contingencies (e.g., cost, time, collaboration, competition, interfirm relations, etc.) and to discover boundary conditions that inform a theory of market entry. 相似文献
18.
Melodi Botha Gideon Nieman Jurie van Vuuren 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2006,2(4):479-493
Literature reveals the need for entrepreneurship training programmes that focus on the skills required by female entrepreneurs. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Women Entrepreneurship Programme (WEP) as an initiative to provide entrepreneurial and business skills to female entrepreneurs. An experimental group of 116 women attended this training intervention whereas 64 women formed the control group who did not attend the WEP. The findings highlight that through the WEP the experimental group gained new skills and knowledge relevant to running a business; increased their confidence in their entrepreneurial abilities; and used these skills to start new ventures. 相似文献
19.
Wen‐liang Gideon Hsieh 《期货市场杂志》2004,24(4):399-412
This article examines the cross‐border competition in price discovery between the Taiwan Futures Exchange (TAIFEX) and the Singapore Exchange Derivatives Trading (SGX). We focused on the impact of market reforms on the information leadership of similar contracts traded on the two exchanges. Utilizing synchronized transaction data, it was found that reducing the futures transferring tax was the only policy change that enhanced TAIFEX's information role. Evidence supported the trading‐cost hypothesis that a lower transaction cost is associated with better price discovery. A brief linkage between trading volume and price discovery was found when data were broken down into subperiods according to the relative volume of TAIFEX and SGX. Evidence suggested that the SGX's information advantage reported in previous research had diminished as the rival market progressed. It also indicated that exchanges seeking to improve information efficiency should adopt policies that will reduce transaction costs or increase trading volume. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 24:399–412, 2004 相似文献
20.
Gideon Cohen 《R&D Management》1997,27(2):145-153
Two contradictory elements affect development projects in the modern era. New advanced development projects require huge resources and long schedules. On the other hand, the resources available for development projects are decreasing, and intensive competition between companies results in increased required performance and new products which must be developed with short schedules. Development projects have a significant effect on a company's business goals, and therefore attract the attention of corporate managers. A significant part of managers' time is devoted to the control of development projects. Support tools are therefore developed and used to assist managers in controlling their projects. This paper describes a control tool to help managers make decisions on development projects. The tool described is based on Microsoft's 'Project' software package, and was developed in-house. The package performs real-time calculations and simultaneously presents several control parameters. These parameters provide a comprehensive picture of project status. The major benefits of the control tools described are: (1) The 'Project' package provides the ability to work with small and combined work packages. It allows attention to be focused on small programs as well as on entire programs. (2) It complies fully with modern decentralised computer systems consisting of a central computer, local computerised networks, parallel PCs and work stations. It provides an interactive quick response ability to follow changes in project status, which result from design changes or progress updates. The control system was implemented by RAFAEL's Missiles Division two years ago, and impressive results in terms of project efficiency were achieved. These achievements play a major role in meeting the Division's business goals. The control tools described are general and can fit a large variety of projects and companies. 相似文献