Shareholder Value Maximisation,Stock Market and New Technology: Should the US Corporate Model be the Universal Standard? 1

In 1992 a blue‐ribbon group of US economists led by Michael Porter concluded that the US stock market‐based corporate model was misallocating resources and jeopardising US competitiveness. The faster growth of US economy since then and the supposed US lead in the spread of information technology has brought new legitimacy to the stock market and the corporate model, which is being hailed as the universal standard. Two main conclusions of the analysis presented here are: (a) there is no warrant for revising the blue‐ribbon group’s conclusion; and (b) even US corporations let alone developing country ones would be better off not having stock market valuation as a corporate goal.     

企业家高工作满意度来源研究

企业家在市场经济中发挥着重要作用。在美国经济中,很多变革、创新和进步都来自企业家,并且由民营企业家创立的民营企业在提供就业机会上扮演了重要角色。本文所指的企业家遵从熊彼特的定义,认为企业家的职能是创新,创新是判断企业家的标准,在这个意义上,中小企业的创业者是纯正的企业家。一般人认为,美国一直不断产生企业家和创业者,实际上,创业者占劳动力市场的比例在1870至1973之间持续下降,到1976年后才开始回升。这种回升一直持续到现在。根据Gartnet与Shane的进一步研究发现:以每个单位资本所拥有的企业家,自20世纪70年代到20世纪90…     

以信息化提升嘉兴秀洲区传统产业研究

本文主要就以信息化提升秀洲区传统产业的问题进行了研讨，分析了秀洲区企业信息化的现状。提出相应的对策和措施。     

Risk-sharing networks and insurance against illness

Most risk-sharing tests on developing country data are conducted at the level of the village; generally, the full risk-sharing hypothesis is rejected. This paper uses detailed data on all insurance networks within a village in Tanzania; networks are not clustered but largely overlapping. We test whether full risk-sharing occurs within these networks. While village level full-insurance cannot be rejected for food consumption, we find evidence consistent with at least partial insurance of non-food consumption via networks.     

Reason rules...: the utility of rationality and the rationality of utility

Almost every theory of human behavior is based upon some assumption of rationalty. Such an assumption is commonly believed to be necessary in order to distinguish rational behavior, which is, from non-rational behavior, which is not amenable to scientific investigation. This article presents a thorough re-examination of this assumption, an inquiry which turns out to raise all the central issues of both the methodology and the theory of behavioral inquiry generally. It leads to the somewhat surprising conclusion that the notion of rationality does not have any meaningful role to play in behavioral inquiry, and that there is no sense in distinguishing rational from non-rational or irrational behavior. It also shows that the generalization of the utility notion in terms of information makes it into a much more powerful and subtle tool of analysis than it commonly appears to be taken for.     

Welfare migration in Europe

The enlargement of the European Union has increased concerns about the role of generous welfare transfers in attracting migrants. This paper explores the issue of welfare migration across the countries of the pre-enlargement European Union and finds a significant but small effect of the generosity of welfare on migration decisions. This effect, however, is still large enough to distort the distribution of migration flows and, possibly, offset the potential benefits of migration as an inflow of mobile labour into countries with traditionally immobile native workers.     

A bargaining perspective on strategic outsourcing and supply competition

This article considers the outsourcing choice of a downstream firm with its own upstream production resources or assets. The novelty of the approach is to consider the outsourced function as involving resources consistent with the resource‐based view of the firm. From a bargaining perspective, we characterize a downstream firm's decision whether to outsource to an independent or to an established upstream firm. In so doing, the downstream firm faces a trade‐off between lower input costs afforded by independent competition, and higher resource value associated with those who can consolidate upstream capabilities. We show that this trade‐off is resolved in favor of outsourcing to an established firm. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.