高盛：为私利不择手段

高盛首席执行官贝兰克梵在5月份的年度会议上说：＂人们已经把矛头指向高盛的核心价值观——我们如何对待客户。＂真实的谎言2007年初,房市危机恶化,高盛却忙于出售其长期客户华盛顿互惠银行所发行的,极具风险的抵押贷款相关证券。     

Consumer Rights: An Assessment of Justice

For the last 50 years the idea of consumer rights has formed an essential element in the formulation of policy to guide the workings of the marketplace. The extent and coverage of these rights has evolved and changed over time, yet there has been no comprehensive analysis as to the purpose and scope of consumer rights. In moral and ethical philosophy, rights are integrally linked to the notion of justice. By reassessing consumer rights through a justice-based framework, a number of key issues emerge regarding the way in which markets enable justice for consumers. The consumer rights which underpin the United Nations consumer protection guidelines address all forms of justice to some degree, but the predominant focus is on procedural justice. Our conclusions question whether this is sufficient and also whether there is a case to develop the notion of consumer ‘duties’ that complement the idea of rights.     

Worker participation in Barbados: contemporary practice and prospects

This paper explores the impact of several factors on current participation practice and the willingness of employers to introduce participation at work. Data were obtained from a cross-section of 93 organisations, obtained from a stratified sample of 200 organisations from various industries in Barbados.

Organisational size, industrial origin and union presence were not significant determinants of current participation practice. However, a cost reduction strategy was negatively associated with current participation governing management of people. Innovation-based strategies were positively related to willingness to introduce participation regarding the management of people. Perceived participation outcomes such as job satisfaction, increased joint benefits and reduced absenteeism were associated with current participation regarding the management of people as well as willingness to extend participation in the same area.     

Uber Drivers and Employment Status in the Gig Economy: Should Corporate Social Responsibility Tip the Scales?

As the gig economy continues to grow, the legal status of its workers remains a source of confusion and controversy. Uber and other transportation network companies (TNCs) typically disclaim employee status, depriving drivers of social insurance among other benefits. Further, such companies typically deny liability to third party victims for damages due to auto accidents, sexual assaults, and other negative outcomes arising out of their business. Legal and regulatory systems in the U.S. and elsewhere continue to struggle with how to determine and apply a consistent standard as to employee classification. We argue that corporate social responsibility should figure prominently in the equation. Private companies already are required to cover social costs of doing business in a variety of contexts (e.g., workers compensation, family leave, public and workplace accommodations for disabled individuals), and it makes sense that they also should be required to underwrite other important implications associated with employee status as part of their responsibilities to society. This is especially so where, as with Uber and other TNCs, a company’s core profit-making operations include activities that carry the direct potential for causing substantial harm both to individual clients and to the public at large.     

The Subjective Culture of Public Sector Women and Men Managers: A Common Instrumental/Expressive Value Orientation or,Two Different Worlds?

La logique du type associatif de 91 gestionnaires canadiens anglophones de sexe féminin et 92 gestionnaires canadiens anglophones de sexe masculin a été comparée au moyen d'une analyse du contenu des antécédents et conséquents (méthode Triandis et al.; 1972) relatifs à 11 valeurs de travail et 10 valeurs personnelles. Les échantillons de ces gestionnaires de la Fonction Publique du Canada étaient semblables pour l'ǎge, le statut socioéconomique et les années d'expérience en gestion. Une recension des écrits suggère qu'il n'y a pas de différence quant à leur orientation aux valeurs en ce qui concerne les catégories expressives vs. instrumentales. L'analyse du contenu dans ces catégories démontre que la connotation de ces concepts de valeurs étaient équivalents pour ces gestionnaires, quelque soit leur sexe. Le Rho = 0.91 pour les antécédents et 0.97 pour les conséquences pour les gestionnaires femmes vs. hommes, nous donnent une estimation de cette équivalence. Ces résultats sont interprétés comme reflétant un haut niveau de similitude de fonctionnement et une équivalence interne dans les schèmes de référence dans la culture subjective (la logique du type associatif) des hommes et des femmes gestionnaires à l'intérieur de la Fonction Publique.     

Incorporating household production into the National Transfer Accounts for Slovenia

The National Transfer Accounts (NTA) have recently been developed to measure economic flows across age groups. In this article, we extend the NTA for Slovenia by including the value of unpaid household production. Based on time-use data, we discover that people in Slovenia spent even more time on household production than on paid work, which emphasises the necessity of including household production in the NTA analysis. We find that there are large net transfers of household production flowing from adults to children, and to a lesser extent also to the elderly. We calculate unpaid production separately for both genders, and discover that females provide much more unpaid production and total productive work than males. In addition, they face a much more intensive ‘rush hour of life’ than males. We expect that similar patterns may be found in other post-communist countries where equalising labour force participation by gender was central to the communist agenda, but where no similar efforts were undertaken to equalise household work burdens.     

Numbers and words revisited: Being “shamelessly eclectic”

Despite the growing acknowledgement that complex social phenomena can be usefully understood through multiple methods of inquiry, there are few sound examples of mixed-methods research. This paper offers concrete examples from recent policy research in the United States about how qualitative and quantitative methods can be combined to better address complex research questions. Using a conceptual framework developed in 1985 and recently elaborated, we describe how, in both the design and analysis phases of research, combing methods can enhance the research purposes ofcorroborating, elaborating, developing, andinitiating understandings of social phenomena.A previous version of this paper was presented at the annual meetings of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, 1991.