空心针治疗股骨颈骨折的体会

目的 探索空心针治疗股骨颈骨折的效果.方法 早期闭合复位空心钉内固定术加皮牵引术治疗股骨颈骨折.结果 术后无一例发生血管和神经损伤等并发症,全部骨折均骨性愈合.结论 空心针治疗股骨颈骨折对促进骨折的愈合,降低股骨头缺血坏死发生率起到重要作用.     

环境保护的国际合作：以SARS为例

SARS危机反映了当前环境问题日渐国际化的趋势,其根源是资源紧缺和经济全球化之间的矛盾。面对这一问题,各国应通力合作、寻求对策,实现环境保护的国际合作。但环境责任在各国间的分配问题阻碍了国际环境合作的进展。本文指出,基于环境和国力的全球合作机制可合理分配各国的代际责任和代内责任,有利于促进环境保护的国际合作,是一种可行的环境保护国际合作模式。要实现这一目标,首先要各国在代际和代内责任的问题上达成共识,二是要增加国际机构、国际公约对合作各方的约束力。     

美国钢铁企业的废弃物与回收物流

钢铁厂废物的减少和有效利用，对飞速发展的钢铁工业有着重要意义．它的产生和积累已经成为各钢铁生产国最为严重的资源浪费和环境污染源，本文介绍了美国对减少和有效利用钢铁厂废物所开展的工作和研究动态．     

资本结构的行业特征:基于中国上市公司的实证研究

本文根据中国证监会《上市公司行业分类指引》 ,将沪深A股上市公司进行行业分类 ,全面深入地实证研究了资本结构的行业特征。研究结果表明 :(1 )中国上市公司存在最优资本结构 ,行业是其重要影响因素之一 ;(2 )不同行业上市公司的资本结构具有显著差异 ,约 9.5%的公司间资本结构差异可由公司所处行业门类的不同来解释 ;(3 )同一行业上市公司的资本结构具有稳定性 ;(4)同一行业门类内不同行业大类的公司间资本结构无显著差异。     

中国农村经济发展积累过程形态分析

了解中国农村经济发展的经济结构对认识中国农村经济有着特殊的意义。本文旨在通过全国30个省、自治区和直辖市经济发展的比较研究,运用值域分析、方差分析和回归分析方法、探索出全国经济积累过程的发展形态,总结出地区伴随着经济发展过程而出现的特有经济结构现象,寻找问题症结的所在和解决问题的突破点,为国家经济提供建设性参考建议。     

Detecting hot and cold cycles using a Markov regime switching model—Evidence from the Chinese A-share IPO market

This paper focuses on detecting hot and cold IPO cycles in the Chinese A-share market using a Markov regime switching model. We introduce a set of observations to measure IPO activities, which include numbers of IPOs issued, levels of underpricing, market conditions and duration time from prospectus and listing, and thus establish a model to estimate these activities' average performance in hot and cold periods respectively. It is found that a hot period is related with an abundant supply of IPOs, high levels of underpricing, positive market conditions and short waiting time to listing after prospectus issue. Further, this paper depicts the turning points of hot and cold periods across the period from 1994 to 2005 for each observation. The cycles detected by the number of IPOs per month are the benchmark and then these cycles' robustness is tested by the other observations.     

国家科技重大专项对我国国家科技创新竞争力的提升作用研究

探究国家科技重大专项如何发挥其对我国国家科技创新竞争力的提升作用,是保障重大专项有效实施的根本问题,具有重要的理论与现实意义。在区分国家创新能力和国家创新竞争力不同的基础上,界定了国家科技创新竞争力的内涵,并根据已有研究文献构建了分析国家科技创新竞争力的概念框架。应用这一框架探析了我国国家科技重大专项的组织实施对于国家科技创新竞争力的提升作用,进而得出未来实施重大专项的一些结论和启示。     

Dynamic Moral Hazard and Executive Stock Options

This paper shows that the optimal executive compensation scheme in a dynamic moral hazard environment is convex in the firm value. This implies that the optimal contract should include stock options. This is because the private benefit of shirking is increasing in firm value and the manager's utility is concave. Therefore, in contrast to the previous literature that takes stock options in the incentive contract exogenously, we rationalize the optimality of their use endogenously. Moreover, we show that the optimal amount of stock options (restricted stocks) increases with agency cost and the executive's reservation utility, decreases with the degree of risk aversion of the manager, and increases (decreases) with the firm size.     

On indeterminacy and growth under progressive taxation and productive government spending

We examine the theoretical interrelations between equilibrium (in)determinacy and economic growth in a one‐sector representative‐agent model of endogenous growth with progressive taxation of income and productive flow of public spending. We analytically show that, if the demand‐side effect of government purchases is weaker, the economy exhibits an indeterminate balanced‐growth equilibrium and belief‐driven growth fluctuations when the tax schedule is sufficiently progressive or regressive. If the supply‐side effect of public expenditures is weaker, indeterminacy and sunspots arise under progressive income taxation. In sharp contrast to traditional Keynesian‐type stabilization policies, our analysis finds that raising the tax progressivity may destabilize an endogenously growing economy with fluctuations driven by agents’ self‐fulfilling expectations.     

节假日期间县城道路交通现状浅析

节假日县城交通流量急剧增加,给交通管理部门带来了极大的挑战。节假日期间县城道路交通呈现出交通流量大、秩序混乱等特征。交通运输的系统性决定了交通问题的解决需要依靠各交通成分的和谐共处。为了更好的应对节假日县城交通流量剧增的挑战,基层交通管理部门可以从道路交通秩序的规范、交通总量的削减、道路通行能力的提升等几个方面开展针对性的工作,来保障节假日期间县城道路交通安全、畅通。