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991.
992.
施蔷生 《上海城市管理职业技术学院学报》2010,19(1):19-21
我国城市社会建设与管理关系国泰民安,亟须体制创新和机制优化。上海的经验与对策值得借鉴,包括:创建政府、市民、社会三结合的管理模式,优化公民权益的反映、沟通、协调机制,加快培育各类社会组织机构,充分发挥基层自治组织作用,实行以点带面的先行先试。 相似文献
993.
As a result of the War of the Pacific (1879–1883), Chile conquered Peruvian and Bolivian territories rich in nitrates and
guano. We conduct econometric tests for structural breaks in the time series of the government bonds for Chile and Peru between
1876 and 1890 in order to examine the effects of the changes in resource endowments on the investors’ perceptions of the risk
premia of Chilean and Peruvian securities. Our results reveal that investors were extremely pessimistic about the prospects
of Chilean, and especially Peruvian debt prior to the war. Early Chilean victories that anticipated the transfer of the richly
endowed provinces to Chile caused significant increases in the price of Chilean securities. But such was the low regard with
which investors viewed the Peruvian government that the fall of Lima caused an increase in the price of Peruvian bonds on
the hope that Chile would assume some of the responsibility for them. Endowments, reputations, and the countries’ financial
conditions figure prominently as the driving forces behind the investors’ behavior. 相似文献
994.
Martin Hingley 《Journal of Business Market Management》2010,4(3):111-128
This paper investigates network development in food retailing, in order to evaluate the role of retailer consumer co-operatives.
Opportunity is seen to lie in niche (for example, local) markets and a social/ethical orientation. The method is single case
and exploratory. Investigation shows that a co-operative can survive and add value as an alternative organizational form,
when genuine social responsibility is experienced by a network consisting of the co-operative, its members, customers, suppliers
and the community as a whole. 相似文献
995.
Michael A. Ellis 《Atlantic Economic Journal》2009,37(3):319-320
996.
Christine Piette Durrance 《Atlantic Economic Journal》2009,37(4):409-423
Many states have implemented some form of Any-Willing-Provider (AWP) legislation, which requires a managed care organization
(MCO) to accept any provider, who agrees to the managed care organization’s reimbursement rates, terms, and conditions, into
its network. AWP laws may result in larger networks, more patient choice, and greater competition among providers. Opponents
cite AWP legislation as prohibiting managed care organizations from selective contracting and obtaining discounts by offering
providers a larger volume of patients. Such legislation is therefore argued to prevent MCOs from effectively reducing health
care costs. A small literature exists on the effect of these laws on hospital expenditures, physician expenditures, and total
health care expenditures. Most studies, however, fail to recognize that the vast majority of the existing laws target pharmacies
exclusively, as opposed to more comprehensive laws that also apply to physicians and hospitals. If AWP legislation prevents
cost reduction available through selective contracting, then states with such legislation may incur higher health care expenditures.
I find that pharmacy-specific AWP legislation is associated with increased pharmaceutical expenditures. This result is robust
to several alternative specifications. 相似文献
997.
Der Matchpoint entscheidet über Sieg oder Niederlage. Match Point Management zeigt, wie man Krisen meistert, indem man gleichzeitig
Gewinn und Kosten verbessert — ohne in die Falle eines zyklischen Auf und Ab zu tappen. 相似文献
998.
Jesse Russell 《Empirical Economics》2011,40(2):425-449
There have been a number of empirical attempts to account for variation in exchange rate regime choice, but these attempts
point in several directions and are not made sense of easily. One reason for the differences among studies is that standard
statistical techniques are unable to identify the nonlinear and contingent relationships among the factors that influence
the choice of exchange rate regime. This article utilizes a statistical technique that reveals complex nonlinear interactions
among variables. The analysis reveals that the influence of past inflation acts to condition the influence of labor market
rigidity and that political stability plays a key role for both high and low inflation countries. 相似文献
999.
Explicit matrix representations of solution concepts in a graph model of a multiple-decision-maker conflict with preference
uncertainty are developed. In a graph model, the relative preferences of each DM over the available states are crucial in
determining which states are stable according to any stability definition (solution concept). Unfortunately, it is often difficult
to obtain accurate preference information in practical cases, so models that allow preference uncertainty can be very useful.
In this work, stability definitions are extended to apply to graph models with this feature. The extension is easiest to implement
using the matrix representation of a conflict model, which was developed to ease the coding of logically-defined stability
definitions. Another benefit of matrix representation is that it facilitates modification and extension of the definitions. 相似文献
1000.
Richard Winter 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,98(2):297-306
Understanding how the professional ideals and values of partners influence lawyers’ everyday life is a relatively unexplored
area given the inherent difficulties of gaining access to lawyers. This case study sheds light on the professional ideals
and ethical values of partners and lawyers in a mid-tier Sydney law firm. Semi-structured interviews with partners and lawyers/legal
clerks reveal how partners’ professional ideals and ethical values play a pivotal role in: (1) upholding positive normative
evaluations of lawyer/firm propriety (moral legitimacy), (2) stressing the importance of a balanced working life (cognitive
legitimacy) and (3) satisfying younger lawyers’ needs for personal support, autonomy and responsibility (pragmatic legitimacy).
The principled actions of partners are portrayed as the cornerstone of shaping a moral community in legal practise. 相似文献