Embedded Relationships: Implications for Networks,Innovation, and Ecosystems

In today’s dynamic market environment, no single actor has enough knowledge and sufficient human resources to innovate on a globally competitive level. This trend has accelerated the need for a deeper understanding of relationship management in alliances, virtual corporations, and networks to maximize capacity for innovation. We refer to these structures as service ecosystems and propose a framework for investigating how innovation occurs in service ecosystems. Specifically, we review the conceptualization of relationship as it has evolved from the relationship marketing, service and business-to-business marketing, and service-dominant logic literature. Then, we draw on centrality and embeddedness to explicate how actors in these service ecosystems draw on resources from their extended networks for innovation. We propose an embedded relationships framework for investigating innovation as a dynamic and continuous ecosystem of information seeking and information processing. Future research directions are discussed.     

The evolution of honesty tests and means for their evaluation

Issues have been raised regarding means of honesty testing of employees. It seems probable that paper-and-pencil testing will be the most widely used method. This technique, though, must be improved before it will be more widely accepted. Scoring must be reevaluated, validation standards must be further refined, additional research is needed regarding the accuracy of the tests, and future legal challenges probably will have to be met with respect to such testing relative to privacy, discrimination, and union busting.     

Vertical effects of fiscal rules: the Swiss experience

Formal fiscal rules have been introduced in many countries throughout the world. While most studies focus on the intra-jurisdictional effects of fiscal rules, vertical effects on the finances of other levels of government have yet to be explored thoroughly. From a theoretical point of view, vertical effects could work in opposite directions, i.e., improve and burden other levels’ finances. This paper is the first formally investigating the influence of Swiss debt brakes, which primarily target the cantonal level, on municipal finances. A difference-in-differences estimation (two-way fixed effects) of aggregated and disaggregated local panel data provides unique evidence that suggests little effect of budget constraints at the cantonal level on average municipal finances and fiscal decentralization. The results are confirmed by a wide range of robustness tests. If anything, cantonal debt brakes are associated with improved local finances and fiscal centralization. These findings run counter to popular fears and emphasize the possibility of positive spillover effects of fiscal rules.     

Accounting based valuation: a simultaneous equations model for forecasting earnings to proxy for ‘other information’

This paper develops and tests a simultaneous equations model (SEM) for extending accounting based valuation models used in empirical studies. Rather than using analysts’ forecasts, we derive forecasts of operating income from the SEM to calculate the ‘other information’ variable in the Ohlson (Contemp Account Res 11:661–687, 1995) model. The SEM forecasts are based on observable data contained in the firms’ reporting, like order backlog, and other publicly available information. The SEM produces more accurate out-of-sample forecasts of operating income compared to simple benchmark models particularly in years around economic changes and instability, like the years 2001 and 2009. Integrating the SEM forecast as ‘other information’ in market value regressions significantly increases the explanatory power compared to simpler versions without or with single information proxies for ‘other information’. Finally, we find that the SEM forecast is able to explain a major portion of the information advantage of analysts relevant for explaining market values.     

Who is who

Praxis / MagazinNews

Who is who     

Age and organizational identification: empirical findings from professional sports

Although identification is critical to organizational survival, knowledge on how identification changes and evolves over time is still limited. Not only can tastes and choices vary across both social context and time, but individuals can change or choose their identity, as well as their ideals, group loyalty and/or social category. Hence, in this letter, we examine the relation between organizational identification and age using five large sports consumer surveys as a snapshot of the age distribution of team identification. Our results provide evidence of robust U-shaped age profiles, with a probable turning point in the 40s.     

Women's Roles in the Economy: Teaching the Issues

This examination of some current issues of controversy concerning the roles of women in our economy will provide teachers with background information and students with reading material that can be used as a basis for lively and instructive class discussion.     

Value added,wages and labour market flows at the establishment level

In this article, we analyse the connection between value added, wages and labour market flows at the establishment level. We develop a simple model to illustrate the expected comovement of these variables. For the empirical analysis, we link the new German Administrative Wage and Labor Market Flow Panel data set to the IAB Establishment Panel. We show that establishments’ hires rates have a positive and separations rates a negative comovement with establishment-specific value added, whereby hires react by more than separations. In addition, we provide evidence that establishments’ partial equilibrium reaction is an important driver for aggregate labour market dynamics.     

Entlastung im Alltag

Ob PKMS (Pflegekomplexma?nahmen-Score) oder Komplexbehandlung (8-987) – die pflegerische Dokumentation wird immer st?rker erl?srelevant. Pflegeinformationssysteme machen die Pflegeleistungen transparent und erleichtern gleichzeitig die Patientenversorgung.