Customer satisfaction and the cost of capital

Using a sample of U.S. firms from 1995 through 2015 and the customer satisfaction scores from the American Customer Satisfaction Index, we find strong evidence that firms with higher customer satisfaction scores enjoy lower cost of equity capital, even after controlling for other factors that determine the cost of equity. In addition, results from a propensity score matched sample analysis, a difference-in-differences analysis, and instrumental variable regressions suggest that our findings are robust to accounting for endogeneity. We also document that customer satisfaction is positively related to investor recognition and financial report quality. The effect of customer satisfaction on the cost of equity increases with the level of information asymmetry, consistent with customer satisfaction mitigating information asymmetry. Overall, our findings suggest that customer satisfaction lowers a firm’s risk and significantly attenuates its financing costs.

     

Bribery and firm survival in Vietnam: Moderating effects of market competition,credit, and institutional constraints

This paper examines the relationship between bribery and firm survival when facing different levels of market competition, credit constraints, and other institutional limitations. Using panel data from surveys of small- and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam over a 10-year period and a semi-parametric Cox proportional hazards model approach, we provide empirical support for the “greasing-the-wheels” hypothesis of firm survival. Effects are found to be more pronounced for formally registered and larger firms, explained by their greater bargaining power vis-à-vis public officials. Moreover, bribery as a “risk-of-exit” reducing strategy is found only for firms not institutionally or financially constrained and for firms operating in sectors with low levels of competition.     

基于中间人的物联网终端探测和识别

物联网的开放性和多样性导致其容易受到各种恶意的攻击。为了有效维护特定区域物联网网络空间安全,针对物联网中典型的窄带物联网（Narrow Band Internet of Things,NB-IOT）,提出了一种基于中间人的物联网终端探测和识别技术。通过参数优化配置以及网络伪装,建立物联网终端伪接入点,同时更新跟踪区识别码,使得物联网终端进行位置更新,最终提取出物联网终端的数量以及身份信息,为后续物联网空间大数据采集和非法终端的识别奠定基础。通过实验验证,该技术探测和识别概率较高,具有一定的应用前景。     

国家高新区技术创新效率增长空间不平衡及分布动态演进研究——基于双非参数估计方法

本文基于2014—2018年82家国家高新区的创新投入与创新产出数据,采用DEA-Malmquist指数和Kernel核密度估计方法实证研究了国家高新区技术创新效率增长的空间不平衡性及分布动态演进规律.研究发现:①在样本考察期内,国家高新区的技术创新效率呈现持续增长态势且存在空间不平衡;②国家高新区的技术进步变化由负转正,技术效率变化由正转负;③总体、东部、中部、西部及东北国家高新区的技术创新效率增长的空间差距都在明显扩大.     

Does foreign investment benefit the exporting activities of Vietnamese firms?

Using firm-level data, this paper examines the effects of foreign investment on the exporting behaviour of domestic firms in the Vietnamese manufacturing and service sectors. Applying the Heckman selection model on panel data and following the Wooldridge approach, we find that investment by foreign firms has a significant positive effect on the decision of domestic firms in the same and upstream sectors to export. The proportion of exports of domestic firms declines through horizontal and forward linkages, but increases through backward linkages in the manufacturing sector. However, there is only weak evidence in support of export spillovers on domestic firms in the service sector. We also find that the presence of foreign firms has differing effects on the exporting activities of low- versus high-tech firms in the manufacturing sector.     

泛北部湾区域贸易自由化问题研究

本文首先对贸易自由化问题进行了界定，然后就泛北部湾地区开展贸易自由化的各项因素进行了论述。一方面，笔者列举了一系列利于在该区域实现贸易自由化的潜在性因素；另一方面，笔者也注意到区域内各国基础设施条件和经济基础差异较大，贸易商品的层次不同、贸易间的关联度差以及各国在涉及国家经济安全，产业体系建立等贸易自由化政策方面所表现的不同倾向又为泛北部湾区域贸易自由化进程增添了障碍。本文在深入分析这些因素的基础上，从产业层次角度提出实现区域内贸易自由化的进程模式和方法。     

资源税及碳税改革动向与影响

国务院已经明确要推进资源税改革,在新疆率先实施,并逐步推广到西部12个省区市。国家有关政府部门也开始研究开征碳税的可行性。资源税改革和碳税开征将提高煤炭开采环节和燃煤发电环节的成本,从而导致发电成本和电网企业购电成本上涨。介绍了资源税和碳税的基本情况和改革方向,分析了对电力企业和其他能源企业的影响。     

关系型借贷视角下购房融资方式与家庭创业行为——基于2017年中国家庭金融调查的实证研究

本文利用2017年中国家庭金融调查数据深入考察购房融资方式对家庭创业行为的影响。研究结果显示,相较于民间借贷购房的家庭,按揭贷款购房的家庭参与创业活动的可能性更高,且更倾向于主动创业。进一步机制分析发现,相较于民间借贷购房,按揭贷款购房能够降低家庭的流动性约束,缓解家庭的资金压力,从而促进创业。同时,按揭贷款购房能使家庭获得充足的贷款额度与较长的贷款期限,进而有助于家庭创业。而且在偿还按揭贷款的过程中,家庭能与银行建立长期良好的信贷关系,从而有助于提高家庭获得正规信贷的可能性,促进家庭创业。为了积极推进创业创新的战略部署,应进一步健全银行信贷体系,发展和完善住房金融制度,从而有利于缓解小微企业融资难、融资贵的问题,释放和激发家庭创业活力。     

基于企业工程的企业信息文化及其建设模式研究

在探讨企业工程与企业信息文化内涵的基础上,提出企业信息文化是企业工程成功实施的关键:良好的企业信息文化是企业工程实施的保障,不良企业信息文化将成为企业工程的阻碍。根据企业工程实施的不同阶段与特点,从企业信息文化三要素入手,给出了构建与企业工程相适应的企业信息文化的三种模式:基于组织学习的建设模式、基于持续创新的建设模式和基于知识共享的建设模式。     

What If Immigrants Had Not Migrated?

A bstract .   Despite strong theoretical arguments and models about international migration, very few empirical studies rigorously test these arguments and models. The purpose of the present study is to analyze determinants and consequences for international migration, focusing particularly on the returns to post-hoc international migration. The present study compares residential well-being of Korean international migrants in the United States with that of their hypothetical well-being if they had not migrated. Our suggested models of the selectivity corrected returns to various characteristics for immigrants and nonimmigrants enable us to estimate the "opportunity well-being" of individuals and households; that is, the well-being of immigrants-had-they-stayed and of nonimmigrants-if-they-had-immigrated. The data for our analyses are drawn from the 1990 Korea Census Data and the Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS) of the 1990 U.S. Census. In either case of migrants-had-they-stayed or of nonimmigrants-had-they-migrated, international migration to the United States has a significant and positive effect on the probability of homeownership, especially for women. The results show that the predicted probability of homeownership attainment increases as a result of migration by 15 percent to 16 percent for women and by 8 percent for men. The study concludes that migrating to the United States offers better opportunities for homeownership than staying in Korea does, particularly for women.