石油企业增值税存在的问题及建议

国家对石油企业征收增值税，在理论和实践中尚存在一些问题。从石油企业增值税的实际运行情况看，生产型增值税对石油企业的适用程度低，增值税税负高于国内外水平，增值税与营业税、所得税重复征收等。建议对石油行业增值税的税率由17%下降至13%，对陆上石油行业实行消费型增值税试点，使增值税的征收适合我国的国情和促进经济的发展。     

The Hong Kong Fish Marketing Organization

This essay provides an explanation of the phenomenon of an apparent secular fall in captured fisheries outputs in Hong Kong transacted through the Fish Marketing Organisation. The latter is a government monopoly, with the power to compel sale of landed fish through its licensed buyers, established and protected by law. The institutional characteristic of this organisation can also explain the evolution of marine fish culture industry in the area that is not subject to the forced‐sale regulation of the Organisation, and the diversity of species commonly observed in the consumer market of cultured fish. The observed reduction in fisheries output in Hong Kong can be the consequence of regulation rather than a lack of regulation, as the ‘the tragedy of commons’ would seem to imply. Our analysis also demonstrates why the Fish Marketing Organisation has suffered from a growing budgetary deficit in recent years.     

浅析城市政体理论的发展与运用

城市的发展早已经不仅仅是物质层面、经济层面上的问题。随着城市规模的不断扩大和城市人群的日趋多元化,更多的城市问题被理解成为社会问题、政治问题。城市研究者把眼光转向城市内部,通过观察城市政府的政治行为,探索社会经济活动中政治结构的存在和发展规律。城市政体理论(UrbanRegimeTheory)即为探索该问题的理论流派。本文意在介绍这一思潮的基本思想、理论根源和发展历程,以及其在中国语境下的解读和运用。     

企业伦理价值、组织承诺与人员-组织配适关系之研究-以流通连锁产业为例

本文以台湾流通连锁产业为例,研究了企业伦理价值、组织承诺以及人员与组织配适关系。     

Efficiency Wages and Nominal Income Targeting in an Open Economy

Abstract. This paper considers the choice between nominal income and money supply targeting in an open economy with efficiency wages. The results show that, when real unemployment benefits are rigid, both nominal income and money supply targeting have the same stabilizing performance. On the contrary, if nominal unemployment benefits are rigid, then we come to a conclusion that either in the face of goods demand shocks or aggregate supply shocks, a sufficient condition for nominal income targeting to be preferable is that the income elasticity of money demand be less than unity.     

Banks’ capital buffer,risk and performance in the Canadian banking system: Impact of business cycles and regulatory changes

Using quarterly financial statements and stock market data from 1982 to 2010 for the six largest Canadian chartered banks, this paper documents positive co-movement between Canadian banks’ capital buffer and business cycles. The adoption of Basel Accords and the balance sheet leverage cap imposed by Canadian banking regulations did not change this cyclical behavior of Canadian bank capital. We find Canadian banks to be well-capitalized and that they hold a larger capital buffer in expansion than in recession, which may explain how they weathered the recent subprime financial crisis so well. This evidence that Canadian banks ride the business and regulatory periods underscores the appropriateness of a both micro- and a macro-prudential “through-the-cycle” approach to capital adequacy as advocated in the proposed Basel III framework to strengthen the resilience of the banking sector.     

Polynomial spline estimation for generalized varying coefficient partially linear models with a diverging number of components

Generalized varying coefficient partially linear models are a flexible class of semiparametric models that deal with data with different types of responses. In this paper, we focus on polynomial spline estimator as a computationally easier alternative to the more commonly used local polynomial regression approach, since one can directly take advantage of many existing implementations for generalized linear models. Furthermore, motivated by the high dimensionality characteristics that accompany many modern data sets nowadays, we investigate its asymptotic properties when both the number of nonparametric and the number of parametric components grows with, but is still smaller than, the sample size. Simulations and a real data example are used to illustrate our proposal.     

Measures of Joint Venture Performance from Multiple Perspectives: An Evaluation by Local and Foreign Managers in Vietnam

A study was undertaken to identify the most relevant performance evaluation measures for joint venture managers and to analyze differences in perception about joint venture performance between foreign and Vietnamese joint venture managers. The results revealed five factors belonging to three perspectives of particular relevance to managers: operational efficiency (economic indicator), competitiveness and external customer relations (strategic indicators) as well as equity and working relationship (behavioral indicators). This study also points out that under normal operating conditions, there are no significant differences in perception between foreign and Vietnamese joint venture managers regarding both efficiency and equity. This confirms the need for equity in a joint venture relationship in order to maintain balance between the partners and avoid dissolution.     

账外经营的进项发票能否抵扣?

基本案情 国税局稽查机关在对某企业进行检查时发现企业存在账外经营,经查账外经营销售额14万元,偷逃增值税1.1万元.此外,企业为保持税负,隐匿账外经营,账外经营部分取得的进项专用发票未进行认证、抵扣,涉及税款0.3万元.根据<国家税务总局关于增值税一般纳税人取得的账外经营部分防伪税控增值税专用发票进项税额抵扣问题的批复>(国税函[2005]763号,以下简称"763号文")的规定,纳税人采用账外经营手段进行偷税,其取得的账外经营防伪税控专用发票未按<国家税务总局关于增值税一般纳税人取得防伪税控系统开具的增值税专用发票进项税额抵扣问题的通知>(国税发[2003]17号,以下简称"17号文")规定的"自该防伪税控专用发票开具之日起90日内"的时限进行认证,或者未在认证通过的当月按照增值税的有关规定核算当期进项税额并申报抵扣的,不得抵扣其账外经营部分的销项税额.稽查机关认定:该企业偷税数额为1.1万元,但企业对此认定提出了异议,认为偷税数额应为0.8万元.