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71.
Robert P Parker 《Business Economics》2005,40(3):52-57
This article highlights recent
improvements and plans for further
improvements to each of BEA’s major
regional economic accounts programs.
The improvements focus on
the acceleration of release of the estimates
and on the preparation of new
and extended estimates. There also is
a brief discussion on BEA’s research
effort to improve the regional
accounts.JEL Classification E010 相似文献
72.
P. K. Edwards 《Industrial Relations Journal》1995,26(3):204-220
Three outcomes of personnel practice (rates of discipline, quitting and absence) are analysed. There was no firm association with measures of practices associated with Human Resource Management. By contrast, unionisation was strongly associated with the low use of discipline and low quit rates: union ‘voice’ remains influential in the 1990s. 相似文献
73.
74.
Employment,schooling and productivity growth 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Summary This paper presents an empirical analysis of labour demand and labour productivity growth in The Netherlands. Assuming an aggregate production function with as factors capital and 3 types of labour, distinguished by educational attainment, cost minimization leads to a set of 3 labour demand relations to be estimated on time series data. Using the estimates and the implied elasticities, aggregate labour productivity growth is decomposed into factor substitution, autonomous factors, labour time shortening, economies of scale, utilization rates and the increased educational level of the working population. The contributions of substitution, utilization rates and education appear to be substantial, notably in the seventies.
List of symbols
Variables a i Efficiency index of skill leveli - C production - h i working-time index for skill leveli - g i steady-state growth rate of skill leveli - K capital stock - L i employment volume of skill leveli - L i * desired level of labour skill leveli - p output price - p * desired output price - s i * long-run static labour shares in the production value - p k rental price of capital - P index of total factor productivity - P l index of labour productivity - u i utilization rate of skill leveli - u k utilization rate of capital - w i wage rate for skill leveli - y production volume - y yij Hicks partial elasticities of complementarity - i steady-state cost share of skill leveli - k Bk steady-state cost share of capital - f lf highest level price index in cost function nesting - g 4 intermediate level price index in cost function nesting - h 4 lowest level price index in cost function nesting - i steady-state relative wage share of skill leveli - ij Allen partial elasticities of substitution Parameters d i l adjustment speed of skill leveli - d p price adjustment speed - M mark-up on marginal costs - scale elasticity of production - i distribution parameter in cost function,i = 3, g - i distribution parameter in cost function,i = k, h - i distribution parameter in cost function,i =1, 2 - i autonomous labour productivity growth for skill leveli - i cost share of skill level in base year - f production cost index in base year - i hours elasticity in labour efficiency index - group elasticity of substitution betweenL 3 and (K, (L 1,L 2)) - g Og group elasticity of substitution betweenK and (L 1,L 2) - h 6h group elasticity of substitution betweenL 1 andL 2 We would like to thank B. Downey, G.M.M. Gelauff, A. Nieuwenhuis, J.M.M. Ritzen, J.C. Siebrand and an unknown referee for helpful comments on earlier drafts. 相似文献75.
Bartel AP 《Journal of labor economics》1989,7(4):371-391
"Analyzing the location choices of the post-1964 U.S. immigrants results in three main findings: (1) these immigrants are more geographically concentrated than natives of the same age and ethnicity and reside in cities with large ethnic populations; (2) education plays a key role in location choice, reducing geographic concentration and the likelihood of being in cities with a high concentration of fellow countrymen and increasing the probability of changing locations after arrival in the United States; (3) internal migration within the United States occurs more frequently among immigrants than natives and facilitates the process of assimilation for the more educated individuals." 相似文献
76.
Rietveld P 《Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies》1988,24(1):73-95
The author examines recent urban development in Indonesia. "Analysis of urban developments in Indonesia has been hampered in the past by weak data. Recently, the National Urban Development Strategy (NUDS) project has generated a set of improved data. This paper aims at elaborating and supplementing the NUDS study. After a discussion of definitional problems, an analysis is carried out of urban growth rates at the provincial level. Private investment is shown to be a principal determinant of urban growth rates. Other significant determinants are rural immigration and the present level of urbanisation. Private investment is shown to be strongly biased towards provinces with large urban areas. In addition, polarisation is studied at the level of individual cities. It is found that a period of rapidly increasing polarisation has come to an end during the last decade." 相似文献
77.
Allaire P 《Harvard business review》1992,70(5):106-121
As chairman and CEO of the Xerox Corporation, Paul Allaire leads a company that is a microcosm of the changes transforming American business. With the introduction of the first plain-paper copier in 1959, Xerox invented a new industry and launched itself on a decade of spectacular growth. But easy growth led Xerox to neglect the fundamentals of its core business, leaving the company vulnerable to low-cost Japanese competition. Starting in the mid-1980s, Xerox embarked on a long-term effort to regain its dominant position in world copier markets and to create a new platform for future growth. Thanks to the company's Leadership through Quality program, Xerox became the first major U.S. company to win back market share from the Japanese. Allaire describes his efforts to take Xerox's corporate transformation to a new level. Since becoming CEO in 1990, he has repositioned Xerox as "the document company" at the intersection of the worlds of paper-based and electronic information. And he has guided the company through a fundamental redesign of what he calls the "organizational architecture" of Xerox's document processing business. Few CEOs have approached the process of organizational redesign as systematically and methodically as Allaire has. He has created a new corporate structure that balances independent business divisions with integrated R&D and customer operations organizations. He has redefined managerial roles and responsibilities, changed the way managers are selected and compensated, and renewed the company's senior management ranks. And he has articulated the new values and behaviors Xerox managers will need to thrive in a more competitive and fast-changing business environment. 相似文献
78.
Randall S. Billingsley Vittorio Bonomo Stephen P. Ferris 《Journal of Financial Services Research》1992,6(2):137-155
The deregulatory trend and advances in technology during the 1980s removed many restrictions on the ability of U.S. depository financial institutions to obtain and redistribute funds across diverse geographical markets. This pervasive deregulation and innovation should have increased the degree of integration between different geographical financial markets. Yet there is little empirical evidence available on the validity of this expectation. It is important to provide such evidence since much of the U.S. depository institution regulatory policy is predicated on the assumption of highly localized, segmented financial markets. Considering alternative breakpoints at 1980 (DIDMCA) and at 1982 (Garn-St Germain), the current study tests the hypothesis that the degree of geographical financial integration after this period exceeded that prior to this period. Mortgage markets are focused on due to their historical importance in the regulation of funds flows. The study finds a significant increase in the mean contemporaneous correlation among FHLB districts' mortagage rate residuals in a vector-autoregressive system between two test periods. Further analysis shows that the distance between FHLB districts' headquarters and their respective pairwise interdistrict correlation coefficients are negatively related in the prior period but not significantly related in the later period. Economic booms and busts alternated among the districts over the two sample periods in a manner consistent with the reallocation of capital among more integrated financial markets. Individual districts' mortgage rates have been more sensitive to variations in national credit market conditions since deregulation was legally recognized by DIDMCA in 1980. Thus, the collective empirical evidence found in this study indicates that mortgage markets have responded to deregulation and marked technological advances by moving toward a national, highly integrated market. Regulators' preoccupation with highly localized, segmented markets must consequently be reexamined. 相似文献
79.
Prakasam CP Murthy PK 《Journal of Institute of Economic Research. J.S.S. Institute of Economic Research》1992,27(1):1-11
The authors study the acceptance of family planning methods according to the level of couple's literacy in 14 states in India during 1986-87, using the Lorenz curve. The Gini Concentration Ratio and Index of Dissimilarity were calculated by level of couple's literacy for vasectomy, tubectomy, IUD, and all method combined. Firstly, analysis found literates to have accepted vasectomy and IUD more than tubectomy. Secondly, among the 3 methods, a high Gini Concentration Ratio was found for vasectomy when the wife was literate. Moreover, when the wife was literate, the Gini Concentration Ratio of IUD acceptance was higher than the acceptance of IUD by the wife whose husband was literate. Thirdly, the same trend was observed when the husband was illiterate. It is therefore clear that the level of a woman's literacy is a key factor in securing the acceptance of male or female methods of family planning. Planners should therefore concentrate on literacy programs for females independently of their age. Increasing the level of female literacy may ultimately help improve the understanding of family planning methods, while these women may also motivate their husbands to undergo vasectomy which will ultimately foster the success of the family planning program. 相似文献
80.
Operational Research and the environment 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The discipline of Operational Research (OR) is primarily concerned with improving the effectiveness and efficiency of decision processes. These processes take place everywhere in society: industry, banking, agriculture, government, politics. Frequent use of mathematical optimization models is typical of OR. Since the early '80s these models are increasingly packaged in a user-friendly way, as Decision Support Systems. In the following we will illustrate how OR can be used to describe and solve a number of environmental problems. 相似文献