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11.
Haruo Imai 《Journal of Mathematical Economics》1983,11(3):211-233
The effect of possible price control on factor income distribution under a democratic system is examined in the context of a collective bargaining model. A solution concept of the cooperative game theory called the Harsanyi-Shapley value is chosen to predict a likely outcome. The explicit solution for a non-atomic production economy, with two production factors and a fixed coefficient technology, is obtained. We find that this solution can be realized through prices. It is observed that in this solution, factor income shares respond to the ratio of the total endowments of two factors. 相似文献
12.
We examine the ability of immigrants to transfer the occupational human capital they acquired prior to immigration. We first augment a model of occupational choice to study the implications of language proficiency on the cross‐border transferability of occupational human capital. We then explore the empirical predictions using information about the skill requirements from O*NET and a unique dataset that includes both the last source country occupation and the first four years of occupations in Canada. We supplement the analysis using Census estimates for the same cohort with source country occupational skill requirements predicted using detailed human capital related information such as field of study. We find that male immigrants to Canada were employed in source country occupations that typically require high levels of cognitive skills, but rely less intently on manual skills. Following immigration, they find initial employment in occupations that require the opposite. Consistent with the hypothesized asymmetric role of language in the transferability of previously acquired cognitive and manual skills, these discrepancies are larger among immigrants with limited language fluency. 相似文献
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14.
Tadashi Yamada Koji Imai Takamasa Nakamura Eiichi Taniguchi 《Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review》2011,47(6):887-907
This paper presents a supernetwork equilibrium model integrating supply chain networks with a transport network, namely, a supply chain-transport supernetwork equilibrium model. The model takes into account the behaviour of freight carriers and transport network users to endogenously determine the transport costs generated in the supply chain networks. The interaction between transport network and supply chain networks can also be examined. Results of the numerical tests reveal that the improvement of transport network could enhance the efficiency of supply chain networks. The paper makes contributions to modelling of supply chain networks as well as to that of transport networks. 相似文献
16.
We identify turning points in the value of the yen during the 1920s to determine which factors were perceived by market participants as affecting Japan’s probability of returning to the gold standard. The 1920s were marked by military expansionism, political turmoil, and other dramatic political and institutional events. We conclude that changes of power between the Kenseikai and Seiyukai parties and worsening diplomatic relations with China were primarily responsible for turning points in the value of the yen. The democracy movement and the associated expansion of suffrage seem not to have been viewed as important by contemporaries. 相似文献
17.
Poverty,undernutrition and vulnerability in rural India: role of rural public works and food for work programmes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Katsushi S. Imai 《International Review of Applied Economics》2011,25(6):669-691
This paper analyses the effects of access to Rural Public Works (RPW) or Food for Work programme (FFW) on consumption poverty, vulnerability and undernutrition in India using the large household data sets constructed by the National Sample Survey for 1993 and 2004. The treatment-effects model is used to take account of sample selection bias in evaluating the effects of RPW in 1993 or FFW in 2004 on poverty. We have found significant and negative effects of participation in RPW and the Food for Work Programme on poverty, undernutrition (e.g. protein) and vulnerability in 1993 and 2004. 相似文献
18.
Junichi Imai Ph.D. Phelim P. Boyle F.I.A. F.C.I.A. Ph.D. 《North American actuarial journal : NAAJ》2013,17(3):31-47
Abstract Dynamic fund protection provides an investor with a floor level of protection during the investment period. This feature generalizes the concept of a put option, which provides only a floor value at a particular time. The dynamic protection feature ensures that the fund value is upgraded if it ever falls below a certain threshold level. Gerber and Pafumi (2000) have recently derived a closed-form expression for the price of this protection when the basic portfolio follows geometric Brownian motion. In this paper we examine the pricing of this feature under the constant elasticity of variance process. Two approaches are used to obtain numerical results. First, we show how to extend the basic Monte Carlo approach to handle the particular features of dynamic protection. When a discrete-time simulation approach is used to value a derivative that is subject to continuous monitoring, there is a bias. We show how to remove this bias. Second, a partial differential equation approach is used to price dynamic protection. We demonstrate that the price of the dynamic protection is sensitive to the investment assumptions. We also discuss a discrete time modification of the dynamic protection feature that is suitable for practical implementation. The paper deals just with pricing and does not consider the important question of reserving for these contracts. 相似文献
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Using maximum likelihood techniques and monthly panel data we solve and estimate an explicitly dynamic model of criminal behavior where current criminal activity impacts future labor market outcomes. We show that the threat of future adverse effects in the labor market when arrested acts as a strong deterrent to crime. Moreover, such forward‐looking behavior is estimated to be important. Hence, policies that weaken this deterrence will be much less effective in fighting crime. This suggests that prevention is more powerful than redemption since anticipated redemption allows criminals to look forward to negating the consequences of their crimes. 相似文献