Career priorities within dual career households: an analysis of the impact of child rearing upon gender participation rates and earnings

The impact of child rearing upon male and female participation rates and earnings within 130 dual career households is investigated. Female participation rates and earnings in households with children are significantly lower than both comparable males and females without children. No significant gender differences exist in pay in childless households.     

Reviews

THE 150th ANNIVERSARY OF THE CO-OP MOVEMENT.

Birchall, J. 1994: Co-op, the People's Business: Manchester University Press, £25.00 cloth, £14.99 paper.

TRAINING FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.

Merseyside TEC and West London TEC, 1994: Economic Development Workbook: Briefings on Key Economic Development Topics, HMSO. Available from Nicholas Johnston, West London TEC, Sovereign Court, 15-21 Staines Rd, Hounslow, Middlesex, TW3 3HA. Price £45.00 + VAT (£7.88) to TECs, LECs and Government Regional Offices; £50.00 + VAT

(£8.75) to all other organisations.

THEORIES OF LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.

Bingham, R. and Meir, R. (eds) 1993: Theories of Local Economic Development Perspectives from Across the Disciplines, Sage, £20.50 paper.

RURAL ECONOMIES.

Lowe, P. and Murdoch, J. 1993: Rural Sustainable Development. Rural Development Commission. Strategy Review: Topic Paper 1.

North, D. and Smallbone, D. 1993: Small Business in Rural Areas. Rural Development Commission. Strategy Review: Topic Paper 2.

Rogers, A. 1993: English Rural Communities: An Assessment and Prospect for the 1990s. Rural Development Commission. Strategy Review: Topic Paper 3.

Tarling, R., Rhodes, N.J., Broom, G. 1993: The Economy and Rural England. Rural Development Commission. Strategy Review: Topic Paper 4.

Clout, H. 1993: European Experience of Rural Development. Rural Development Commission. Strategy Review: Topic Paper 5.

All available free of charge from the Rural Development Commission, 141 Castle Street, Salisbury, Wilts, SP1 3TP.     

Further Evidence on the Role of Gender in Financial Performance

Using a sample of 160 sole proprietors and controlling for other determinants of performance, we hypothesize and find support for the view that gender is not a significant direct explanation of financial performance differences among small accounting practices. The control variables we employ are practice characteristics, motivations, and individual owner characteristics. Our results indicate that although financial performance appears to be significantly different for females' and males' sole proprietorships, these performance differences are explained by several variables other than gender directly. At the same time we find that gender moderates the effects of other practice and personal characteristics on financial performance. One of the more interesting results is that women with a stronger motivation to establish a public practice to balance work and family experienced more positive financial outcomes, while for men the same motivation reduced financial performance.     

Entertainment in retailing: The influences of advanced technologies

In recent years, the importance of an enjoyable experience during the shopping activity increased. As a consequence, many researchers are focusing on the best application of enjoyable elements in the points of sale in order to maintain existing consumers and attract new ones.The aim of this paper is to analyze how the introduction of advanced technologies modifies the retailing context and affects consumers shopping experience. In particular, three aspects of our results emerge from a theoretical standpoint: new advantages for retailers (the possibility to achieve fast information on consumer behavior and preferences); the improvement of the point of sale; and the positive influences on consumers shopping experience.     

Mechanism design in an integrated approach towards revenue management: the case of Empress Cruise Lines

This paper investigates an integrated form of revenue management through the case of Empress Cruise Lines (ECL). The case highlights a multidisciplinary approach towards how demand and supply factors should be integrated in the form of four decision sets in revenue management decisions – the value set, the segmentation set, the sensitivity set and the forecasting/allocation set. Also, the use of mechanism design allows the firm to separate markets for better forecasting of revenue from each segment. The case also shows that segments could be incentivized to behave differently, and to behave in alignment with ECL's policies so that capacity could be optimally allocated and revenue maximized.     

Career plateauing: reactions and moderators among managerial and professional employees

Questionnaire data obtained from managerial and professional employees in Singapore (N = 141) were used to examine reactions to and moderators of career plateauing. Zero-order correlation coefficients revealed that the perceptual measure of career plateauing was more significantly negatively related to the work attitudes and behaviours than was job tenure. Moderated regression analyses results also revealed that, in general, the perceptual measure of career plateau explained more of the variance in the work attitudes and behaviours than did job tenure. Further, the moderated regression analyses revealed that of the three moderators (job tenure, supervisor support and job characteristics) and the six work attitudes and behaviours examined, supervisor support and job challenge significantly positively moderated only the effects of career plateauing on in-role behaviours. Limitations of the study, directions for future research and implications of the findings are discussed.     

Advance Demand and a Critical Analysis of Revenue Management

This paper presents a theoretical framework of advance demand through six propositions. The framework introduces the concept of acquisition and valuation risks and suggests that advance demand distribution is rooted in the trade-off between them. Furthermore, since advance buyers may not consume, firms may be able to re-sell relinquished capacity. The study then proposes how refunds could provide additional revenue to firms. The study further suggests theoretical reasons why and when service firms are able to practise revenue management, suggesting that RM tools such as overbooking and demand forecasting may not be the only tools for higher revenue.