Innovation Performance in New Product Development Teams in China's Technology Ventures: The Role of Behavioral Integration Dimensions and Collective Efficacy

In emerging markets, technology ventures increasingly rely on new product development (NPD) teams to generate creative ideas and to mold these innovative ideas into streams of new products or services. However, little is known about how behavioral integration (a behavioral team process) and collective efficacy (a motivational team process) jointly facilitate or inhibit team innovation performance in emerging markets—especially in China, the world's largest emerging‐market setting with collectivist and high power distance cultures. Drawing on social cognitive theory and behavioral integration research, this article elucidates the relationships between behavioral integration dimensions (i.e., collaborative behavior, information exchange, and joint decision‐making) and innovation performance and also examines how collective efficacy moderates these relationships in China's NPD teams. Results from a sample of 96 NPD teams in China's technology ventures reveal that information exchange is positively associated with innovation performance. Collaborative behavior positively but marginally influences innovation performance, whereas joint decision‐making does not relate to innovation performance. Moreover, collective efficacy demonstrates an important moderating role. Specifically, both collaborative behavior and joint decision‐making are more positively associated with innovation performance when collective efficacy is higher. In contrast, information exchange is less positively associated with innovation performance when collective efficacy is higher. This study makes important theoretical contributions to the literature on team innovation and behavioral integration in emerging markets by offering a better understanding of how behavioral and motivational team processes jointly shape innovation performance in China's NPD teams. This study also extends social cognitive theory by identifying collective efficacy as a boundary condition for the overall effectiveness of behavioral integration dimensions. In particular, this study highlights the condition under which behavioral integration dimensions facilitate or inhibit NPD team innovation performance in China.     

A quantitative study of financing efficiency of low‐carbon companies: A three‐stage data envelopment analysis

This study set out to evaluate the financing efficiency of low‐carbon companies. Applying a three‐stage data envelopment analysis with the data from 85 listed companies in China's low‐carbon industries over the period 2011 to 2017, this study has found that the overall financing efficiency of low‐carbon companies was relatively high, and the pure technical efficiency was quite steady over the period. The overall financing efficiency of these low‐carbon companies on average tended to change with the scale efficiency. This study has also shown that the scale efficiency was the main constraint influencing the financing efficiency of low‐carbon companies in China over the period. Our results are robust and have significant implications for policy makers and corporate managers.     

Arrow–Debreu equilibria for rank‐dependent utilities with heterogeneous probability weighting

We study Arrow–Debreu equilibria for a one‐period‐two‐date pure exchange economy with rank‐dependent utility agents having heterogeneous probability weighting and outcome utility functions. In particular, we allow the economy to have a mix of expected utility agents and rank‐dependent utility ones, with nonconvex probability weighting functions. The standard approach for convex economy equilibria fails due to the incompatibility with second‐order stochastic dominance. The representative agent approach devised in Xia and Zhou (2016) does not work either due to the heterogeneity of the weighting functions. We overcome these difficulties by considering the comonotone allocations, on which the rank‐dependent utilities become concave. Accordingly, we introduce the notion of comonotone Pareto optima, and derive their characterizing conditions. With the aid of the auxiliary problem of price equilibria with transfers, we provide a sufficient condition in terms of the model primitives under which an Arrow–Debreu equilibrium exists, along with the explicit expression of the state‐price density in equilibrium. This new, general sufficient condition distinguishes the paper from previous related studies with homogeneous and/or convex probability weightings.     

Optimal insurance under rank‐dependent utility and incentive compatibility

Bernard, He, Yan, and Zhou (Mathematical Finance, 25(1), 154–186) studied an optimal insurance design problem where an individual's preference is of the rank‐dependent utility (RDU) type, and show that in general an optimal contract covers both large and small losses. However, their results suffer from the unrealistic assumption that the random loss has no atom, as well as a problem of moral hazard that provides incentives for the insured to falsely report the actual loss. This paper addresses these setbacks by removing the nonatomic assumption, and by exogenously imposing the “incentive compatibility” constraint that both indemnity function and insured's retention function are increasing with respect to the loss. We characterize the optimal solutions via calculus of variations, and then apply the result to obtain explicitly expressed contracts for problems with Yaari's dual criterion and general RDU. Finally, we use numerical examples to compare the results between ours and Bernard et al.     

保险公司诉讼与诉讼预期相关性研究

近年来我国保险诉讼案件增势不减,有的历经一审、二审,有的还要再审。从媒体披露的结果看,保险公司无论作为原告还是被告,似乎都是胜少败多。本文通过对北京某人寿保险股份有限公司2005年～2008年诉讼、诉讼预期数据的实证调研,探讨保险公司诉讼预期是否实现及实现程度,在此基础上提出更理性、更具可操作性的建议。     

存款保险制度与商业银行退出制度协调机制研究

存款保险和商业银行退出协调机制是中国金融体制改革的基本内容，并可以从不同的角度分析，不过权力问题和产权问题是一切制度改革的核心。本论文以产权制度作为起点，运用信贷交易结构的分析框架，对两者的协调机制进行系统分析。论文的第一部分运用制度经济学的分析方法推导存款保险和退出机制内在的协调性；第二部分具体分析欧美在不同产权结构下的协调机制状况；第三部分综合考察中国协调机制的本土化特点：第四部分基于市场内在规律、外国经验和中国特点，提出政策建议。     

浅议铁路建设项目内部审计

铁路内部审计在铁路建设领域履行审计职责,加强铁路投资控制和管理,促进建设资金的规范管理和合理使用发挥了积极作用。铁路内部审计应提高审计人员素质,探索多种形式的审计方式,拓宽铁路建设项目审计领域,做到全过程跟踪审计,确保建设资金经济、安全、高效地使用。     

英语作文评语中的合作原则

英语作文评语是教师对学生作文创作的鉴赏性工作,在英语教学中发挥着重要作用。近几年来由于我国英语教育的师资力量有限、教师英语作文批改量大等原因,师生在对待作文评语的问题上出现消极应付、感情缺失的现象。从Grice的经典合作原作出发,结合实例分析大学英语作文评语中存在的诸多问题,由此探索评语写作的新思路,以激发学生的写作兴趣,提高英语写作水平。     

谈“创先争优”的结果与过程

先进和优秀是中国共产党人的特征和追求,其本质是创和争,核心点是争创的过程。结果只是节点,过程才是更重要;结果体现绩效,过程更彰显价值。创先争优的过程体现了组织者的号召力和人生境界,体现着组织文化。     

浅析农村地区线损管理工作的完善和创新

文章在阐述农村电网线损分类的基础上,从电网建设、平衡三相负荷、经济运行、加强无功补偿等方面论述了提高线损管理水平的技术措施,并从强化计量管理、营业普查、反窃电等角度阐述了相应的对策措施。