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41.
Yuanfei Kang Joanna Scott-Kennel Martina Battisti David Deakins 《International Business Review》2021,30(3):101790
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between exploitation/exploration strategy and foreign direct investment (FDI) involving small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Drawing on qualitative data collected from 45 FDI projects reported by 38 SMEs in a small open economy (SMOPEC), we develop an empirically grounded framework and research propositions that suggest inward FDI (into the SME) is associated with exploration driven by a strategic asset-seeking motive, and outward FDI (by the SME) is associated with exploitation driven by market and efficiency-seeking motives. Further, for the SMEs in this study, ambidextrous exploration and exploitation appear complementary and co-occur either simultaneously through an inward FDI project, or sequentially through separate inward and outward FDI projects, respectively. Our findings, however, reveal a lack of clear sequencing between inward and outward FDI, in contrast to previous research that has conceptualised inward FDI as a strategic means to achieve outward FDI. Implications for theory, practice and policy are discussed. 相似文献
42.
Foreign subsidiaries usually perform better than domestic enterprises, but selection effects have been acknowledged in the literature. This article contributes by quantitatively evaluating the size of the selection effects and direct effects of FDI entry. We use a large panel of firm‐level data from Poland and match foreign‐owned firms to a control group of non‐foreign‐owned companies and analyse various performance indicators. In terms of efficiency measures, between 50 and 70 percent of the foreign affiliates advantage may be attributed to direct ownership effects. However, in the case of export intensity, the majority of the differential between the domestic companies and foreign subsidiaries is attributable to selection effects: MNEs choose export‐oriented companies and sectors. 相似文献
43.
Parvin Mahmoudi Darla Hatton MacDonald Neville D. Crossman David M. Summers John van der Hoek 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2013,57(1):38-59
Most Australian capital cities require many 100,000s of additional dwellings to accommodate demographic change and population pressures in the next two or three decades. Urban growth will come in the form of infill, consolidation and urban expansion. Plans to redevelop environmental amenities such as parks and open green spaces are regularly being put forward to local councils and State governments. Maintaining parks and reserves represents one of the largest costs to local councils. To aid in the evaluation of some of the different propositions, we report the results of a spatial hedonic pricing model with fixed effects for Adelaide, South Australia. The results indicate that the private benefits of a close proximity to golf courses, green space sporting facilities, or the coast, are in the order $0.54, $1.58, and $4.99 per metre closer (when evaluated at the median respectively). The historic Adelaide Parklands add $1.55 to a property’s value for each additional metre closer. We demonstrate how the estimated model could be used to calculate how local private benefits capitalized in property values change with changes in the configuration of a park. 相似文献
44.
Joanna B. Upton Jennifer Denno Cissé Christopher B. Barrett 《Agricultural Economics》2016,47(Z1):135-147
In this article, we draw out a set of axioms for food security measurement that follow directly from the internationally agreed 1996 FAO definition. Building on recent work on the theory and measurement of development resilience, we then propose an empirical strategy to measure food security that addresses these measurement axioms better than do prevailing measures. We empirically illustrate this approach using a panel data set from northern Kenya. 相似文献
45.
Alfred Crossman 《Economic Affairs》2001,21(4):46-50
The national minimum wage (NMW) was introduced to Britain in April 1999 amid much speculation. This paper considers the political reasons for introducing the NMW and the economic effects of doing so. It also addresses the issue of the additional costs created by the NMW and the strategies adopted by employers to defray them. The paper provides evidence from the hotel sector that suggests some wage gains but no significant disemployment effects. The value of conventional labour market models as predictive tools is questioned. 相似文献
46.
Throughout the OECD, the period since the 1970s saw a secular decline in manufacturing's share of GDP and a secular rise in the share of services. Despite this being a central feature of growth, the economic forces behind deindustrialisation and the reasons why its pace varied so markedly across OECD countries are not well understood. Adopting an econometric approach founded in neoclassical production theory, we provide an empirical analysis of the role of changes in relative prices, technology and factor endowments in driving changes in production structure. The speed of adjustment to changes in these determinants of production structure varies across OECD countries and is correlated with levels of employment protection. 相似文献
47.
Crisis may spread through economy via the propagating mechanisms of the labour market - households becoming delinquent due to an initial unemployment shock may be unable to continue servicing obligations versus the financial system. With large debts - e.g. mortgages - such defaults pose a threat to financial system stability. In this paper we use the Polish household budget surveys to simulate the impact of changes in the labour market status of household members on the ability of the household to service its mortgage payments. The simulation results are subsequently aggregated to facilitate a macro-level interpretation of the findings. We simulate various scenarios of labour market deterioration. Finally, we also introduce a policy instrument into the simulations providing, in a fiscally neutral manner, additional stability to the financial system. Based on robustness checks, the findings seem to be reliable. The results suggest that even with shares of debtors among consumers as low as in Poland, the propagation mechanism may indeed result in a considerable threat, while the fiscally neutral instrument is effective and well-suited to be addressed in providing additional stability to the financial system. 相似文献
48.
This article investigates the structure of trust in China and compares it with the U.S., using the 2000 and 2005 waves of
the World Value Survey (WVS). We analyze two dimensions of trust – trust in people and trust in major companies. It is found
that the level of trust has remained stable in China within the 5-year period. On the other hand, trust in major companies
has declined dramatically in U.S. while trust in people has increased slightly. The structure of trust in companies is different
from trust in people. For both countries, individuals with higher education tend to have a higher level of trust. Individuals
who are divorced tend to have lower trust in people. Individuals who think that other people are fair are more likely to trust
in people. Preference for competition has a positive effect on trust in major companies. On the other hand, some differences
between the two countries are observed. Perception of fairness does not affect trust in major companies in China, while it
has a positive effect in U.S. in year 2006. Preference for equality has a negative effect on trust in major companies in U.S.
but no significant effect in China. The pattern of trust and its changes over time may reflect differences in market conditions
in the two economies. 相似文献
49.
Tomasz Grzegorczyk Joanna Kaczmarek 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2013,25(11):1257-1269
ABSTRACTAugmented reality (AR) may be capable of shaping the competitive advantage of companies by providing various benefits for the consumers. The aim of this article is to assess if AR is attractive to consumers and in which areas it can create the most value. Hence, we have sought to identify the most useful areas of AR applications, as well as factors influencing AR’s attractiveness. Our study finds that consumers regard AR as the most useful in the areas of education, medicine and tourism. Furthermore, we found a gap between the supply and needs of customers in terms of types of AR application offered on the market. We identified advantages and disadvantages of AR applications over their traditional counterparts impacting its adoption. Our research confirms that both hedonic and utilitarian aspects of the user experience are important for AR’s adoption. 相似文献
50.
Joanna Pearce Jennifer Strickland-Munro Susan A. Moore 《Journal of Sustainable Tourism》2017,25(3):362-378
Awe, an intense, and usually positive emotion often experienced by individuals visiting nature-based tourism destinations, has the potential to nurture strong connections between individuals and their environment. Despite this, awe research has been neglected in the tourism literature, especially in relation to the aspects or features that foster awe-inspiring experiences. This study sought to rectify this by focusing on such experiences in the remote, unique Kimberley region in north-western Australia. A total of 49 tourist interviews were conducted to ascertain their responses to the question “what has been your most awe-inspiring experience and why?” Responses highlighted five distinct facets contributing to respondents’ awe-inspiring experiences: marine fauna, aesthetics, ecological phenomena, vast geological landscapes and reflective/perspective moments. Future research should focus on exploring the applicability of these facets to other nature-based tourism destinations. 相似文献