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121.
John P. Dickson Douglas L. MacLachlan 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1990,18(2):153-161
This research was designed to see whether a reconceptualization of social distance (as measured by social class variables)
between shoppers and stores would provide a basis for understanding store avoidance behavior. A survey of shoppers classified
into two distinct social classes investigated their images, including social class images, of two stores that had been selected
as representatives of upscale and downscale retailers. A new measure of social distance was proposed and evaluated. Controlling
for other functional aspects of store image such as price and personnel, the social distance measure was found to be influential
in discriminating shopping frequency groups for the two stores, providing evidence that people tend to avoid stores that are
perceived as being socially distant from themselves. 相似文献
122.
T. Bettina Cornwell Stephen W. Pruitt John M. Clark 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2005,33(4):401-412
This study presents analysis of the impact of “official product” sports sponsorships with the National Football League (NFL),
Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Hockey League (NHL), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the Professional
Golfers Association (PGA) on the stock prices of sponsoring firms. The primary finding of the study is that, in the main,
announcements were accompanied by increases in shareholder wealth. The 53 sponsors analyzed experienced mean increases in
stock valuations of about $257 million. A multiple regression analysis of firm-specific stock price changes and selected corporate
and sponsorship attributes indicates that official product sponsorships with the NBA, NHL, and PGA and those with smaller
market shares were associated with the largest gains in share prices. Although corporate cashflow (a proxy for agency conflicts)
is statistically unrelated to shareholder approval, sponsorships by high-technology companies were associated with stronger
stock price reactions than otherwise. Finally, product congruence with the sponsored sport was positively related to changes
in stock prices.
T. Bettina Cornwell (b.cornwell@business.uq.edu.au) is Professor of Marketing and Leader of the Marketing cluster in the UQ Business School at
the University of Queensland, Australia. She was formerly Professor of Marketing in the Fogelman College of Business and Economics
at the University of Memphis. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Texas. Her research focuses on promotion and consumer
behavior, especially with regard to international and public policy issues. Other articles on the topic of sponsorship-linked
marketing have recently appeared in theJournal of Advertising, the Journal of Advertising Research, theJournal of Business Research, andPsychology & Marketing.
Stephen W. Pruitt (pruittst@umkc.edu) is the holder of the Arvin Gottlieb/Missouri Endowed Chair of Business Economics and Finance in the Henry
W. Bloch School of Business and Public Administration at the University of Missouri-Kansas City. He received his Ph.D. from
Florida State University. He has published more than 45 articles, most of which employ event study methodologies, in journals
such as theJournal of Finance, theJournal of Political Economy, Financial Management, theJournal of Public Policy and Marketing, and theJournal of Advertising Research.
John M. Clark (clarkj@cba.usm.edu) is an assistant professor of finance at the University of Southern Mississippi. He received his Ph.D.
from the University of Alabama. His research interests include options and other derivatives, investments, and the impact
of real events upon the stock prices of corporations. His work has appeared in scholarly outlets such as theJournal of Advertising Research, theFinancial Review, and theJournal of Business Ethics. 相似文献
123.
John W. Cadogan Sanna Sundqvist Risto T. Salminen Kaisu Puumalainen 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2005,33(4):520-535
Firms with export operations have internal environments that are often geared toward serving the home market. As a result,
export marketing and other business functions compete for resources, which thus increases the likelihood of conflict between
them. Using survey responses from more than 700 exporting firms, the authors test a model of the antecedents and consequences
of two important interaction variables: exporting’s interfunctional connectedness and conflict. The model explains 52 percent
and 49 percent of variance in exporting connectedness and conflict, respectively. The authors identify the key drivers of
successful interactions as follows: management commitment, organizational training and reward systems, relative functional
identification, centralization, and export employee job satisfaction and commitment. The authors also demonstrate that connectedness
is most critical for export success when export markets are in a state of turbulence, whereas conflict is most detrimental
when the firm’s export environment is stable.
John W. Cadogan (j.w.cadogan@lboro.ac.uk), Ph.D., is a professor of marketing in the Business School at Loughborough University, United Kingdom.
His primary areas of research interest are international marketing, marketing strategy, and sales management. He has published
on these issues in theJournal of International Business Studies, theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing, theJournal of Business Research, Industrial Marketing Management, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, theInternational Marketing Review, theJournal of Marketing Management, theJournal of Strategic Marketing, and other academic journals. He received his degree from the University of Wales (United Kingdom).
Sanna Sundqvist (sanna.sundqvist@lut.fi), Ph.D., is a professor in international marketing in the Department of Business Administration at
the Lappeenranta University of Technology (Finland). Her research interests deal with the international diffusion of innovations,
market orientation (especially in an international context), and consumers’ adoption behavior. She has published in theJournal of Business Research, theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, theCanadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, and theAustralasian Marketing Journal. She received her degree from the Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland.
Risto T. Saiminen (risto.salminen@lut.fi), Ph.D., is a professor of industrial engineering and management, especially marketing, in the Department
of Industrial Engineering and Management at Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. His primary areas of research
interest are customer relationships and networks in business marketing, pedagogy in industrial engineering and management,
and international marketing. He has published on these issues in theJournal of Business and Industrial Marketing, theJournal of Marketing Management, theEuropean Journal of Engineering Education, theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, and theAustralasian Marketing Journal. He received his degree from Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland.
Kaisu Puumalainen (kaisu.puumalainen@lut.fi), Ph.D., is a professor in technology research in the Department of Business Administration at
Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. Her primary areas of research interest are innovation, international marketing,
and small businesses. She has published on these issues in theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing, theJournal of Business Research, theEuropean Journal of Marketing, R&D Management, theCanadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, theJournal of International Entrepreneurship, theAustralasian Marketing Journal, and theInternational Journal of Production Economics. She received her degree from the Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. 相似文献
124.
杜强 《贵州财经学院学报》2007,(5):72-77
经济增长通常意味着贫困率的下降,然而,对于增长很慢的经济体或经济增长没有带动贫困率降低的案例,这种假设似乎并不成立.中国两个较为贫困省份的数据展示了这样一个谜题:贵州省的经济增长缓慢但农村贫困率的下降较为显著,对这一现象不妨称之为"贵州新现象";与此同时,云南省经济高速增长但贫困率下降较为迟缓.根据相关考察和统计数据的分析,交通、流动人口、旅游业和矿产业四个因素是解释这个谜题的关键.这四个因素在两个省的不同分布和构造解释了它们经济增长与贫困率下降关系中的不平衡性. 相似文献
125.
126.
John Baffoe-Bonnie 《Empirical Economics》2003,28(3):461-478
Recent application of the switching regression model to allocate workers into the primary and secondary labor markets is
considered to be the best solution to the classification problem of the empirical testing of the dual labor market theory.
In such models, normality of the error terms is assumed. This paper adopts the switching regression model to test the dual
labor market theory by assuming different distributions of the error terms. The test results strongly support the dual labor
market theory regardless of the assumption one makes about the error terms. However, the results indicate that different distribution
can lead to different percentage distributions of workers in the two segments. In particular, the normal distribution generates
more workers in the primary segment than the non-normal distributions. Therefore, care must be taken not to generalize the
type of industries or occupations that fall under the primary and secondary segments.
First version received: October 2000/Final version received: March 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" I would like to thank Kevin Lang, Robert Marshall, and two anonymous referees for their helpful comments. I am grateful
for comments received from the session participants of the Western Economic Association International Conference, San Francisco,
CA, June 28–July 2, 1996, and the Midwest Economic Association Conference, Kansas City, 1997. I thank George Bonney, the Chief
Statistician of Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia for his comments. Any remaining errors are my responsibility. I gratefully
acknowledge financial support from Penn State Research and Development Grant, 1995. 相似文献
127.
Summary. We analyze an oligopoly model of homogeneous product price competition that allows for discontinuities in demand and/or costs.
Conditions under which only zero profit equilibrium outcomes obtain in such settings are provided. We then illustrate through
a series of examples that the conditions provided are “tight” in the sense that their relaxation leads to positive profit
outcomes.
Received: April 7, 2000; revised version: September 14, 2000 相似文献
128.
Protecting human health is a primary goal of environmental policy and economic evaluation of health can help policy-makers judge the relative worth of alternative actions. Economists use two distinct approaches in normatively evaluating health. Whereas environmental economists use benefit-cost analysis supported by monetary valuation in terms of willingness-to-pay, health economists evaluate interventions based on cost-effectiveness or cost-utility analysis (CEA), using quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) or similar indexes. This paper provides background on the controversy about the relative merits of these approaches and introduces the remaining papers in the special issue. These papers (with one exception) were presented at a conference sponsored by the Department of Economics at the University of Central Florida with support from the US Environmental Protection Agency. Although CEA might not lead to substantially different implications for environmental policy than benefit-cost analysis, and QALY may provide a benefit transfer tool to fill gaps in the morbidity valuation literature, the papers in this issue raise serious concerns about the suitability of QALY-based CEA for environmental regulatory analysis. QALY does not in general appropriately represent individual preferences for health and CEA is neither independent of income distribution nor adequate to assess efficiency. 相似文献
129.
John?K.?StranlundEmail author Christopher?Costello Carlos?A.?Chávez 《Journal of Regulatory Economics》2005,28(2):181-204
We propose enforcement strategies for emissions trading programs with bankable emissions permits that guarantee complete compliance with minimal enforcement costs. Our strategies emphasize imperfect monitoring supported by a high unit penalty for reporting violations, and tying this penalty directly to equilibrium permit prices. This approach is quite different from several existing enforcement strategies that emphasize high unit penalties for emissions in excess of permit holdings. Our analysis suggests that a high penalty for excess emissions cannot be used to conserve monitoring effort, and that it may actually increase the amount of monitoring necessary to maintain compliance.The authors are grateful to Anthony Heyes and three anonymous referees for their valuable comments. Partial support for this research was provided by the Cooperative State Research Extension, Education Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station under Project No. MAS00871. 相似文献
130.
JohnA.Caslione DavidK.Tse 《新经济》2003,(7):76-78
我们正看到一种趋势初露端倪.这种趋势将很快成为下个10年里中国商业战略的"主流".更多的有战略头脑的中国公司开始在全世界展开直接的兼并业务,尤其是在美国. 相似文献