公共政策公共性视角下公平与效率问题综述

关于如何解决公平与效率的关系,有学者把优先权交给平等,有学者把优先权交给效率,有学者为了平衡公平和效率的关系做了一个妥协,还有些学者认为政府管公平、市场管效率。无论怎样,实现公平和效率的动态平衡,是一个社会系统工程,需要建立完善的公共政策体系。     

海西区地方区域品牌培育研究

区域品牌是众多企业品牌精华的浓缩和提炼,是区域经济发展的龙头,具有带动和辐射作用。培育海西区地方区域品牌的关键在于培育海西区区域产业优势。因此迫切需要地方政府建立海西区地方区域品牌推广部门,依托区域特质推广海西区资源技术依赖型区域品牌,依托特色优势产业发展产业集群型区域品牌,不断提升海西区地方区域品牌的整体竞争力。     

Housing and cost of living: Application to the Spanish regions

Spain is a home-owner economy, and housing is a key good for determining the cost of living. However, its treatment in indices such as the Spanish Consumer Price Index (CPI) makes it impossible to measure the real impact of housing on the cost of living. This issue is especially relevant at the regional level, where the differences in the housing markets are very substantial. This paper demonstrates the importance of taking account of owner occupied housing in a measure of the cost of living for Spain.     

Influence of institutional environment on entrepreneurial intention: a comparative study of two countries university students

Institutional environment influences the perceptions of desirability and feasibility, society’s social and cultural environment, such as beliefs, values and attitudes, conditions behaviour and decisions made by individuals. This research evaluates the influence of institutional environment on entrepreneurial intention using a comparative analysis of different attitudes among university students in two countries: Portugal and Spain. In particular, this study aims to examine the perceptions of desirability, feasibility and intention toward the creation of one’s own business and how that variables influence the entrepreneurial intention as compared these two different institutional contexts. Results revealed difference among attitudes toward entrepreneurship in both countries. With respect to the perception of feasibility, the majority of students in Extremadura (Spain) consider that it is easier to create a business in nowadays than it was several decades ago. However, from the students of Beira Interior (Portugal) consider that it is more difficult. Furthermore, in Extremadura, the entrepreneurial intention is higher than in Beira Interior.     

Social capital as a distinctive feature of Social Economy firms

In recent years, the growing importance in developed countries of the Social Economy sector and the contribution of social capital to regional economic development are being studied in depth. Linking these two fields of research, the aim of the present work is to analyse the social capital endowments of Social Economy firms in comparison to those in traditional profit-maximizing firms. To do so, a literature review will be firstly carried out to clarify both the concept of social capital and, more specifically, its relation with entrepreneurship and social enterprises. In the empirical section, the social capital endowments both of social firms (cooperatives and owned-worker enterprises) and traditional firms are compared using data from two surveys conducted in Andalusia, a lagged Spanish region with long tradition in the Social Economy sector. Results show that social capital endowments measured through cooperation agreements and company links with local suppliers and costumers are higher in cooperatives and worker-owned companies. Therefore, Andalusian authorities must continue with its support policy to these enterprises as a mean to reinforce the regional economic development.     

我国车辆超载现状分析及对策研究

近年来,我国交通运输中超载问题日益严重,已成为危及人民群众生命和国家财产安全的一个突出性社会问题。本文就国内车辆超载的原因、及其造成的危害、治理的对策和建议等四个方面进行了论述。     

榆林市旅游业发展战略研究

随着我国经济发展方式的转变和人们生活水平的提高,作为朝阳产业的旅游业将成为新的经济增长点。榆林位处陕西北部,与甘晋蒙宁接壤,是我国古代重要的军事边关要塞,当下又是我国重要的能源化工基地,有着非常丰富和独特的人文与自然旅游资源,通过对这些资源现状和旅游业目前存在问题的分析,科学地制定发展战略并组织实施,将有力促进榆林旅游业的发展。     

待遇确定和缴费确定模式下的企业年金精算模型研究

自二十世纪七十年代以来,在世界范围之内兴起了一场养老保险制度、退休制度改革的热潮,各国纷纷推出了建立企业年金制度的政策主张并得以贯彻实施,我国的养老保险制度改革也同样显示出这样的趋势。中国实行的是企业自愿设立年金的制度,主要有收益确定型(DB)和缴费确定型(DC)两种企业年金制度,本文用模型对DB和DC两种制度下年金给付的不确定性做了比较,指出了不同具体情况下两种企业年金制度的优劣,通过探讨企业年金给付的不同确定方式,待遇确定型计划和缴费确定型计划,运用数量分析,建立两种确定方式的精算模型,得出养老资产合理替代率,养老保障分担率,建立养老理财及终生财务分析模型;通过实证分析方法,探讨政府、企业、受益人、年金管理者在相互影响,以及在相互博弈中,如何达到整体和各自效益最大化及效益均衡。     

浅谈电力系统中性点运行方式

电力系统中性点运行方式涉及电力系统许多方面。针对不同的接地点运行方式进行了比较。综合考虑各种因素,对于电力力系统中性点运行方式的选择提出了推荐性意见。     

Corporate Governance and the Environment: What Type of Governance Creates Greener Companies?

We build on a stakeholder–agency theoretical perspective to explore the impact of particular corporate governance mechanisms on firm environmental performance. Our empirical evidence shows that several important corporate governance mechanisms such as the board of directors, managerial incentives, the market for corporate control, and the legal and regulatory system determine firms' environmental performance levels. These results suggest that these different governance mechanisms resolve, to some extent, the existing divergence of interests between stakeholders and managers with respect to environmental activities.