Judith Weiss  Edward E. Nusbaum 《Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance》1995,6(4):129-133

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Judith E. Nichols 《International Journal of Nonprofit & Voluntary Sector Marketing》1998,3(3):218-223

Increasingly, women are emerging as major donors in their own right. For example in May 1998, five women with Harvard ties, in partnership with the University, established a $15m matching fund to encourage other women to make significant gifts to the University. There are three major economic reasons for targeting women seriously for an organisation's fundraising efforts: women have increasing economic power; women outlive men; women have a new awareness of the power of the dollars they control. Research done in both the United States (Martha Taylor and Sandra Shaw) and the United Kingdom (Stephen Pidgeon and Pauline Lockier) demonstrates that women and men have different ‘philanthropic triggers’. Many women have tended to contribute significant volunteer time and service to the institutions about which they care rather than significant gifts of money. Often, women are interested in not only how their gift benefits a specific institution, but also how it benefits society in general. Women often rely not on formal relationships with institutions, but on their perceived value of the institution's goals and impact. This paper provides a context for looking at women as donors.  相似文献   

    

Jane K. Teleki  Judith A. Powell  P. Larry Claypool 《Family and consumer sciences research journal / American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences》1984,13(1):41-51

The Child's Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) was administered to children (ages 7 to 11 years) and parents in 29 divorced and 30 married families to determine if perceptions of parental behavior differ as a function of member ship in a divorced or married family. Dimension scores of the CRPBI—acceptance, psychological control, lax discipline—constituted the dependent variables. There were no significant differences on acceptance. This finding is inconsistent with previous research. For psychological control, mean dimension scores indicated that children of married fathers viewed their fathers as exercising more psycho logical control than did children of divorced fathers. For lax discipline, mean dimension scores revealed that children of divorced fathers perceived their fa thers as more lax in discipline than did children of married fathers. In divorced families, children reported fathers more lax in discipline than mothers. Finally, the lax discipline mean dimension scores for self-reports by mothers showed that divorced mothers perceived themselves as more lax in discipline than did married mothers. Results indicate that children's perceptions of their fathers' parental behavior are consistent with previous findings that divorced fathers are less re strictive with their children than married fathers.  相似文献   

    

Judith A. Powell  Barbara Jones Wiltcher  Nancy Voigt Wedemeyer  P. Larry Claypool 《Family and consumer sciences research journal / American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences》1981,10(2):137-149

Purposes were (a) to determine the usefulness of classifying children's perceptions accord ing to eight dimensions of “family,” and (b) to examine the effects of sex and family type on children's perceptions of “family” structure and family roles. The sample of 84 preschool children was stratified by geographical location, sex, and family type. Each subject was classified as “pre-operational” on a Piagetian-based cognitive developmental level test. Data were obtained from individual verbatim taped interviews of subjects' responses to the Family Concept Interview, containing items related to concepts of family structure, dimensions of family and family roles, and flexibility of family roles. Major hypotheses were tested by analysis of variance. No significant effects due to sex of child were found. Generally, two-parent and one-parent children had similar perceptions and appeared to be defining family in much the same way. There was some support for the hypothesis that one-parent children may be less concerned with co-residence and membership, or “who lives together.” Results indicated children's responses can be classified according to dimensions of “family.” Dimensions most salient for pre-operational children were “membership,”“biology,”“domestic functions,” and “guidance.” For children of both family types, family composition appears to be defined normatively as at least two parents and a child.  相似文献   

    

Judith W. Tansky  Daniel G. Gallagher  Kurt W. Wetzel 《Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de lu0027Administration》1997,14(3):315-326

Abstract This study investigated differences in organizational commitment among part-time workers. This contrasts with the traditional comparison of differences between part-time workers and their full-time counterparts. The most significant predictors of organizational commitment among part-timers were their perceptions of relative equity and job satisfaction, compared with full-timers. Neither demographics nor work status were significant after controlling for relative equity and satisfaction. Satisfaction acted as a partial mediator between the independent variable, relative equity, and the dependent variable, organizational commitment. This research indicates that organizations need to recognize that part-timers' attitudes toward their jobs depend a good deal on their perceptions of their treatment relative to full-time employees. Résumé Cette étude analyse les differences d'engagement envers l'employeur chez les employés à temps partiel seule-ment, au lieu de la comparaison traditionnelle entre les employés à temps partiel et les employés à temps plein. Les prédicteurs les plus significatifs de I'engagement envers I'employeur chez les employés à temps partiel sont la perception de l'équité relative de leur traitement par rapport aux employés à temps plein, et la satisfaction associée à leur travail. Ni les critères démo-graphiques, ni le rang dans la hiérarchie sur le lieu de travail ne s'avèrent significatifs après normalisation, compte tenu des variables équité relative et satisfaction. La satisfaction joue le rôle de médiateur partiel entre la variable indépendante, équité relative, et la variable dépendante, engagement envers I'employeur. Ces résul-tats indiquent que les employeurs ont besoin de reconnoitre que les attitudes de travail des employés à temps partiel dépendent beaucoup de la faeon dont ceux-ci ont I'impression d'ětre traités par rapport aux employés a temps plein.  相似文献   

    

Gregory Connor 《Journal of Economic Theory》1984,34(1):13-31

This paper derives Ross's mutual fund separation theory and a new, equilibrium version of Ross's arbitrage pricing theory as special cases of a general theory. The paper also reveals that the two theories are identical in their predictions of asset prices and portfolio returns. The capital asset pricing model (a restricted case of the mutual fund separation theory) receives special treatment.  相似文献   

    

R. Brooke Jacobsen  Jerry J. Bigner  D. Bruce Gardner  Judith A. Miller 《Family and consumer sciences research journal / American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences》1980,9(1):72-76

A common problem facing individuals is caregiver competency, i.e. responding to and en suring children's well-being. Traditional socialization theory assumes that information (in cluding that regarding health and safety topics) flows from parent to child. Current research takes the opposite approach, i.e. children's behavioral cues influence adult responses to them. This study tests an “experience” hypothesis by analyzing responses of a mother and a student sample to children depicted in a nonthreatening and a danger setting. Significant differences in type of response of adults to children were found for both settings. Findings are interpreted via the “experience” hypothesis in caregiving.  相似文献   

    

Norman Fisher  Judith Sloan 《The Australian economic review》1985,18(3):113-115

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Edward E. Nusbaum  Judith Weiss 《Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance》1999,10(3):179-183

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Edward E. Nusbaum  Judith Weiss 《Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance》1992,4(2):235-242

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