Research cooperation and international standards in a model of coalition stability

Suggestions on international cooperation in climate policy beyond 2012 include substituting or complementing international environmental agreements (IEA) with technology-oriented agreements (TOA). We look at the impact of TOA on environmental cooperation in a framework of coalition stability. Using a numerical model, we analyze the differences of several TOA and how they interact. We find that participation in and environmental effectiveness of the IEA are raised less effectively when the TOA focuses on research cooperation in mitigation technology rather than cooperation on augmenting productivity in the private good sector. This is due to the former having an effect on all actors via emissions, whereas effects of the latter are exclusive to research partners. For the same reason, we find that restricting research cooperation to the coalition is only credible when it focuses on productivity. Technology standards that reduce the emission intensity of production are unlikely to raise participation by themselves and may suffer from inefficiencies. However, these disadvantages do not apply when standards are implemented as a complementary instrument. Separately negotiated technology standards may hence facilitate participation in an IEA without adding to its complexity.     

银行利润最大化、效率与ROA

本文依据利润最大化概念分解ROA影响因素,然后再结合效率理论提出eROA(效率ROA)模型,对2003～2010年中国商业银行效率进行分析。结果表明:加入WTO后在去政策性负担和投资拉动型经济增长模式影响下,四大商业银行eROA大幅提高;银行业效率呈现双增长趋同现象;长期发展中,效率与经营稳健性强相关。这一结果也证明了经济增长与金融发展之间的联系。后危机时期国民经济结构调整、经济增长速度放缓和金融体制改革深化将对四大商业银行盈利能力产生较大影响,而对股份制商业银行则影响较弱。     

Career concerns,shareholder monitoring and investment efficiency: From the perspective of compensation contract rigidity in Chinese SOEs

This paper presents theoretical analysis of how career concerns and shareholder monitoring affect chief executive officer(CEO) agency costs. We investigate inve...     

电梯钢丝绳打滑原因及措施分析

电梯钢丝绳是承载整个电梯轿厢(乘客)运行的关键部件,产品质量的好坏直接影响到电梯的安全运行。电梯钢丝绳与曳引轮之间靠静摩擦力工作,使用中如出现打滑现象,将会发生事故。因此,在日常维护保养中,一定要定期检查。对此,论文主要对曳引式电梯钢丝绳打滑原因进行了简单的分析,探究了电梯钢丝绳打滑的具体原因,提出了具有针对性的解决措施与手段。     

芜湖长江大桥下平联及铁路桥面系受力研究

芜湖长江大桥是国内首次采用板桁组合结构建造的一座公铁两用桥.文章以芜湖长江大桥为例,主要通过ANSYS软件建立空间模型研究其下平联及铁路桥面系的分配作用,为在同类型桥梁项目中进行平面方法简化计算时提供理论依据.     

Maintaining a Reputation for Consistently Beating Earnings Expectations and the Slippery Slope to Earnings Manipulation

This paper investigates whether maintaining a reputation for consistently beating analysts' earnings expectations can motivate executives to move from “within GAAP” earnings management to “outside of GAAP” earnings manipulation. We analyze firms subject to SEC enforcement actions and find that these firms consistently beat analysts' quarterly earnings forecasts in the three years prior to the manipulation period and continue to do so by smaller “beats” during the manipulation period. We find that manipulating firms beat expectations around 86 percent of the time in the 12 quarters prior to the manipulation period (versus 75 percent for control firms) and that manipulation often ends with a miss in expectations. We document that executives of manipulating firms face strong stock market and CEO pressure to perform. Prior to the manipulation period, these firms have high analyst optimism, growing institutional interest, and high market valuations, along with powerful CEOs. Further, we find that maintaining a reputation for beating expectations is more important than CEO overconfidence and is incremental to CEO equity incentives for explaining manipulation. Our results suggest that pressure to maintain a reputation for beating analysts' expectations can encourage aggressive accounting and, ultimately, earnings manipulation.     

区域合作的制度基础:跨界治理理论与欧盟经验

区域合作是促进区域协调发展的重要形式。如何克服现有行政区划障碍与解决各合作方经济发展不平衡这“两个难题”是保证合作可持续发展的关键。解决这两个难题不是一个单纯的基于比较优势理论的资源配置或产业分工的问题,而是要建立合作的制度基础。文章尝试从“跨界治理”的视角,借鉴欧盟的跨界治理经验,研究我国区域经济合作的制度基础,提出建立一个符合市场经济原则的跨界治理体系,为推动中国区域经济合作提供一种新的路径参考。     

加强校园文化建设-提高大学生思想政治素质

在经济全球化的大背景下,一些与社会主义、高校育人目标不相容的东西进入校园,给大学生带来了不良影响.这使得高校的思想政治教育日趋紧迫.在加强思想政治教育工作时,不能仅依靠课堂灌输,校园文化在思想政治教育中起着不可替代的作用.要从物质文化、精神文化、制度文化三个方面加强校园文化建设,以辅助思想政治教育,实现高校育人功能.     

中小制造企业采购管理模式研究

文章对中小制造企业的内涵进行了界定,从重销售、轻采购、忽视"双赢"等方面分析了中小制造企业采购管理现状及存在的问题;并从构建采购管理组织机构、采购管理信息系统和采购管理模式的保障机制三方面提出了中小制造企业采购管理模式的构建——集中采购管理模式。     

机制砂的性能及其对混凝土性能的影响

以往对混凝土的研究,土木工作者把更多的注意力放在了水泥、水灰比、外加剂以及粉煤灰和硅灰等外掺材料上。集料也是混凝土的重要组成部分,在混凝土中占有很重要的地位。随着土木建设的日趋发展和完善,天然砂日益紧缺,我们应重新审视集料对混凝土性能的影响。本文就着手研究用机制砂取代河砂对混凝土性能的影响。