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61.
This research provides new knowledge on the development of marketing strategies in international new ventures (INVs) by applying the concept of entrepreneurial marketing to these early internationalizing firms. Using a qualitative approach, the authors identify the key dimensions of this concept in INVs, namely innovativeness and adaptation, and elaborate on both the defining elements and the development of these dimensions. They suggest that the innovativeness and adaptation of marketing strategies decrease during the global growth of INVs. Other contextual issues also underlie the development of international entrepreneurial marketing strategies; in particular, they appear to reflect the turbulence and global diversity of the environment and the market orientation of the INV. The marketing performance of INVs is determined by the fit between international entrepreneurial marketing strategies and the internal and external contingencies of the firm. Propositions for future research and managerial implications are provided. 相似文献
62.
Katja Gelbrich Daniel Gäthke Stanford A. Westjohn 《Journal of Promotion Management》2013,19(4):393-413
This paper examines the effect of absurd advertising on memory and persuasion across cultures. Drawing on Hofstede's cultural dimensions, it is hypothesized that the effect of absurdity on recall is culturally invariant, whereas the effect on attitude toward the ad is contingent on the recipients’ cultural orientation. The assumptions are tested using a between-subjects experimental design, in which we manipulated type of absurdity and used the cultural dimensions as blocking variables. Data was collected from 274 students in the United States, Germany, Russia, and China. We discuss theoretical and managerial implications of these findings as well as guidelines for further research. 相似文献
63.
Dan Breznitz Martin Kenney Petri Rouvinen John Zysman Pekka Ylä-Anttila 《Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade》2011,11(3):203-207
Pervasive information and communication technology (ICT), intertwined with global dispersion of supply chains, is inducing
a sizable structural transformation. All the articles in this special issue highlight that even though technology is the key
driver, the reactions of businesses and countries to these transformations will depend on economic, political, and social
arrangements within each organization and society. The competitive landscape of the ICT industry itself is likely to remain
in flux. Also in other industries, both value creation and value capture are becoming increasingly complex—and remain more
favorable for the developed countries than some commonly used measures suggest. According to the prevailing economic thinking,
public policies should set market-friendly “rules of the game” and then stay out of the way. In the ICT domain, technical
standards, spectrum allocations, and market power associated with various types of lock-ins play crucial roles calling for
more active public involvement. In particular, the dynamic aspects of competition and anti-trust policies are important yet
complex. While there is limited scope for sectoral or horizontal industrial policies, this special issue provides alternative
avenues for considering matrix or systemic policies emphasizing education, openness, and national competitiveness. 相似文献
64.
Karin Perhans Dan GlödeJessica Gilbertsson Anette PerssonLena Gustafsson 《Ecological Economics》2011,70(4):771-777
Retaining forest patches at final harvest is a key conservation measure in boreal forests, but guidelines for how to increase its cost-effectiveness are lacking. In a study in boreal Sweden, we compared the cost-effectiveness of three different approaches a forest owner may use to select patches: selection based on the conservation value of patches alone, economic cost alone or both of them combined. We also compared the cost-effectiveness of six different common types of patches. Conservation value was measured as species richness of bryophytes and lichens and as structural characteristics of patches. Compared to the selection approach in which both conservation value and cost were used, cost-effectiveness was 5-14% lower when only conservation value was used, depending on how conservation value was measured. On the contrary, using only the economic cost decreased the cost-effectiveness by only 1-2%. Among the patch types, swamp forest areas and deciduous tree groups were cost-effective types to retain. However, the patch types were complementary in their species composition and all hosted unique species. We argue that, ideally, assessments of both conservation values and economic costs of retaining patches should be made prior to harvest to enable planners to make well-informed and cost-effective decisions. 相似文献
65.
Bundesgesundheitsminister R?sler hat für 2011 eine umfassende Pflegereform sowohl der Leistungsseite als auch der Einnahmenstruktur
angekündigt. Die Autoren dieses Beitrags machen den Vorschlag, die umlagefinanzierte Pflegeversicherung um eine kapitalgedeckte
S?ule zu erg?nzen. 相似文献
66.
Karin Holm-Müller Michael Weber Peter Hennicke Tobias Schleicher Andreas Löschel Claudia Kemfert 《Wirtschaftsdienst》2011,91(5):295-313
Nach der Atomkatastrophe in Fukushima hat die Bundesregierung beschlossen, bis Mitte Juni die Zukunft der Atomenergie in Deutschland
zu überdenken. Dabei k?nnen unterschiedlich weitgehende Szenarien betrachtet werden. Sie reichen von einer Rücknahme der im
letzten Herbst beschlossenen Laufzeitverl?ngerung bis hin zum vollkommenen Ausstieg aus der Kernkraft. Die Autoren vertreten
grunds?tzlich die Auffassung, dass die wirtschaftlichen Folgen eines Atomausstiegs zu bew?ltigen sind. Mit einer Steigerung
der Energiepreise muss allerdings gerechnet werden — wie deutlich diese ausf?llt, und welche Referenzwerte herangezogen werden
müssen, h?ngt von vielen Faktoren ab. 相似文献
67.
Mari Huhtala Taru Feldt Anna-Maija Lämsä Saija Mauno Ulla Kinnunen 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,101(2):231-247
The present study had two major aims: first, to examine the construct validity of the Finnish 58-item Corporate Ethical Virtues
scale (CEV; Kaptein in J Org Behav 29:923–947, 2008) and second, to examine whether the associations between managers’ perceptions of ethical organisational culture and their
occupational well-being (emotional exhaustion and work engagement) are indirectly linked by ethical strain, i.e. the tension
which arises from the difference in the ethical values of the individual and the organisation he or she works for. The sample
consisted of 902 managers from different organisations, in middle and upper management levels, aged 25–68 years. The results
of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provided support to the hypothesised eight-factor structure of the CEV scale; i.e.
the scale contained the factors of clarity, congruency of supervisors, congruency of senior management, feasibility, supportability,
transparency, discussability and sanctionability. In addition, it emerged from the CFAs that the high intercorrelations of
these factors can be explained by the second-order factor of ethical culture. The managers’ perceptions of the ethical culture
prevailing in their organisations were associated with their occupational well-being both directly (high-work engagement)
and indirectly via a low level of ethical strain (low-emotional exhaustion). Thus, the findings indicated that the ethical
culture of organisations plays a major role in managers’ occupational well-being. 相似文献
68.
Martina Schäfer Melanie Jaeger-Erben Aguinaldo dos Santos 《Journal of Consumer Policy》2011,34(1):175-196
In current political and scientific debates on sustainable consumption, the low- and middle-income classes of emerging countries
are gaining attention. One common feature of such debates is the idea that these emerging consumer classes could be motivated
to “leapfrog” directly to environmentally and socially aware consumption patterns and, thereby, avoid adopting the resource-intensive
consumption styles of populations in industrialized countries. To be able to adapt sustainable product development or sustainable
communication strategies to the needs of low- and medium-income classes, it is necessary to know more about the basic consumption
orientations, current consumption habits, and future consumption aspirations of these societal groups. In order to contribute
towards filling that knowledge gap, an exploratory survey was conducted, taking the example of emerging low- and middle-income
classes in a Southern Brazilian city. The survey identified five different consumer types: the Home-Centered Traditionals, the Indifferent, the Up-to-date Privileged, the Wanna-be Materialists, and the Quality of Life-Oriented Postmaterialists. The paper outlines some ideas concerning how these types can be addressed with target-group-specific products and services
as well as differentiated sustainability communication strategies. We conclude, however, that “leapfrogging” of Brazilian
low- and middle-income classes towards sustainable consumption is not a very likely option. There are certain consumption
orientations that sustainability strategies can link to, but these trends are not likely to compensate the general tendencies
towards a resource-intensive lifestyle following the model of the industrialized countries. 相似文献
69.
André Gräning Carsten Felden Maciej Piechocki 《Business & Information Systems Engineering》2011,3(4):231-239
The paper examines the current state of research as regards the eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) by using the
literature review methodology. The results show that an empirical-quantitative research design is used most of the time. The
contributions vary in substance in terms of research on XBRL and research with XBRL. Research with XBRL focuses on the development
of conceptual XBRL extensions. Work on XBRL considers, for example, the changes in reporting as a result of XBRL as well as
the acceptance and enforcement of financial reporting standards. The results point to open issues and are relevant for research
and practice. 相似文献
70.