Should there exist secondary markets for executive stock options?

This paper investigates the potential disadvantages of the secondary markets for executive stock options (ESOs). The benefits of such markets are evident, but they might also have negative effects for shareholders. Executives might, for example, use inside information to time their ESO selling. We investigate two personal motives of managers that can be assumed to affect their optimal selling decision, that is, managers' personal portfolio management issues and the use of inside information. We explore these motives by analyzing unique data from Finland, where there are secondary markets for ESOs. The results of the study support the traditional portfolio diversification hypothesis according to which managers tend to sell their ESOs when holding an ESO is equivalent to holding the underlying stock; that is, in such a case a manager's wealth is closely tied to the stock price of the firm. With respect to the use of inside information the results indicate that ESO selling activity is not related to future stock price behaviour, suggesting that managers do not use inside information to determine the selling time of their ESOs. These results imply that the existence of secondary markets for ESOs does not weaken the usefulness of ESOs as the management compensation, although the benefits of such markets are evident.     

Reforming the Direct–Indirect Tax Mix

This paper provides a new framework for evaluating the welfare effects of commodity tax reforms. It is shown that tax reforms are welfare improving if and only if they satisfy the following intuitive property: on average, consumer prices fall for commodities with high marginal excess burdens. The rule is then applied to analyze a shift from differentiated commodity taxation to direct flat-rate taxation of labour income. The welfare impact of such reforms can be decomposed into two effects: (i) the increase in welfare associated with substitution among taxed commodities, and (ii) the loss in welfare associated with substitution between commodities and leisure. On balance, a shift towards direct taxation is desirable when inter-commodity substitution effects are large relative to commodity–leisure substitution effects. The analysis allows us to reconcile the apparently conflicting results of the tax reform and optimal taxation literatures.     

企业处理顾客、供销商、同业者关系的战略观点

为了可持续发展,忠诚的顾客关系建立在企业集中战略资源满足顾客合理需求的基础上,是具有真实性、价值性和持久性的营销。稳定的供销关系,对于企业保证产品和服务质量、降低原材料采购和市场拓展成本、降低市场风险具有重要意义,是互惠互利、休戚与共的关系。而基于公平合作同业者关系,可以使企业与同业者分享技能、信息、技术和市场机会,分担成本。     

替代能源“全攻略”——核电篇

6月8日至9日,《中国电力企业管理》杂志社与上海决策者经济顾问有限公司共同在京主办了“第二届替代能源与电力国际峰会”。替代能源包括水能、核能和风能、太阳能、生物质能等非水电可再生能源。目前,替代能源特别是非水电可再生能源在我国电源结构中的比例很小,而落实党中央制定的能源发展战略,节约化石能源、降低单位能耗水平、推进建设资源节约型和环境友好型社会,必须大力发展替代能源,以确保能源产业特别是电力工业的可持续发展。为了促进替代能源的宣传和推广,本刊将对本次峰会上演讲嘉宾的发言,分专题作系列报道。     

完善信息报备机制崔动场外衍生品市场发展

文章在回顾《场外衍生品数据报备和汇总要求报告》（CPSS—IOSCO）的基础上,介绍了交易数据报备机制和报备数据汇总机制建设取得的成果及相关要点,分析了协调各国报备信息库建设步伐存在的难点,提出了对我国建立场外衍生品标准化机制的启示和借鉴。文章认为,我国应在充分参考国际经验的基础上,研究交易报备和数据汇集的方法,参与国际相关标准体系的制定,完善我国交易信息报备机制,推动场外衍生品市场发展。     

改革分配体制化解生产过剩危机

目前在中国内部的确隐藏着许多经济与社会矛盾,但是细数这些矛盾,没有一个会在中短期内从内部引发危机,而生产过剩危机却是现代市场经济中的常态。中国还没有经历过生产过剩危机,但生产过剩状态却已经存在了好几年,并正在向愈加严重的方向发展。这种态势会否把中国引入一场危机,现在还不得而知,但200多年来资本主义国家的历史经验与马克思主义的经典理论告诉我们,生产过剩与经济危机之间存在着必然的联系。     

管理会计师的三项利器

大数据、商业智能和预测分析的发展态势不可阻挡,将数据收集和分析的任务委派给信息技术部门的时光已经一去不返。管理会计师必须熟练掌握和管理这三项利器,利用它们为组织创造价值。     

管理会计向何处去

企业的营销和销售技巧越来越以客户为中心,需要前瞻性规划;企业的运营经理越来越注重通过消除浪费、缩短生产周期、提高效率来改善生产力。在这样的背景下,管理会计领域也在经历一场转变,转向更先进的方法和实践。     

设计之上龙凤翱翔

说到龙凤,人们很容易想到古时宫廷中的物件,大到建筑,小到器皿、服装、首饰……龙凤图形随处可见。当龙凤从宫廷走向民间,人们对这个象征权贵吉祥的图形,更是钟爱有加。即使时间的河流已至21世纪的现代,尽管人们的审美观已发生巨大改变,但龙凤这个古老而独特的东方文化符号,依然为大多数人所追崇、喜爱,足见中国人对龙凤图形的情有独钟。