Determinants of Industrial Property Value

This paper examines the determinants of industrial properly value. We use the factor-analytic linear structural relations (LISREL) model to confront measurement problems associated with related work. A simultaneous test of the effects on property value of factors summarizing physical property, national market, local market, interest rate and location variables is performed. Findings indicate that the value of industrial buildings during 1987–1991 in the Dallas/Fort Worth area is primarily related to local market effects and to physical characteristics and location of the property.     

Industry Structure,Strategy, and Public Policy. F. M. Scherer.

Review of Industrial Organization -     

Entry,reputation and intellectual property rights enforcement

We examine how reputation concerns induce a multinational to partly withhold its entry into a developing country under weak intellectual property rights (IPR) enforcement. Equilibrium IPR violations are shown to arise only in the presence of such concerns. Holding constant a multinational's incentive to innovate, better IPR enforcement encourages entry but reduces social welfare. The multinational's incentive to innovate may be inversely U‐shaped in the strength of IPR enforcement. If timed properly, however, stronger IPR enforcement can foster innovation without compromising social welfare. Testable implications concerning observable IPR violations are derived.     

Regional Economic Impacts of Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat and Barley

Fusarium Head Blight is a fungus affecting wheat and barley in the upper Midwest region of the United States. The purpose of this study is to estimate the direct and secondary regional economic impacts of Fusarium Head Blight infestations from 1998 to 2000. Cumulative direct production and price impacts from Fusarium Head Blight in hard red spring, soft red winter, durum wheat, and barley are estimated at $871 million over the period, with secondary economic losses of $1.8 billion. The total impacts of $2.7 billion were concentrated in North Dakota and Minnesota, which accounted for 55% of total losses over the period.     

QUADRATIC SINGLE AND MULTI-COMMODITY MODELS OF SPATIAL EQUILIBRIUM: A SIMPLIFIED EXPOSITION

This paper presents a somewhat simplified exposition of quadratic single and multi-commodity models of spatial equilibrium. The intent is to facilitate their understanding by students and researchers. A graphical model is presented which illustrates the necessary conditions for spatial equilibrium. Then single commodity programming models with, first, quantities and, subsequently, prices in the decision domain are constructed. The equivalence of the graphical and programming models, as well as application of the necessary conditions as constraints in the programming models, are ilustrated. Finally, a multi-commodity model with asymetric demand and supply coefficients is constructed as a primal-dual formation in which the constraints are the necessary conditions for spatial equilibrium.
Cet exposé présnte une interprétation assez simplifiée de modéles quadratiques d'équilibre spatial à produits individuels et multiples. Son dessein est de faciliter aux étudiants et aux rechercheurs leur compréhension de ces modèles. Un modèle graphique qui montre les conditions nécessaires à I'équilibre spatial est présenté. Ensuite, des modèles de programmation à produits individuels sont construits avec, premièrement, des quantités dans le domaine de la prise des décisions et, par la suite, avec des prix dans ce mème domaine. L'équivalence des modèles graphiques et des modèles de programmation, aussi bien que l'application des conditions nécessaires comme contraintes dans les modèles de programmation, y sont illustrés. Enfin, un modél à produits multiples, avec coefficient asymétriques de demande et d'offre, est construit comme formulation unique/double dans laquelle les contraintes sont les conditions nécessaires à l'équilibre spatial.     

Optimization Modeling for Logistics: Options and Implementations

Logistics optimization has significantly grown in popularity over the last few decades. Improvements in computing power, modeling software, and the willingness of companies to invest time in the modeling effort have allowed models that were once too unwieldy to solve to optimality to be solved quickly. This has led to a more wide‐spread recognition by logistics managers of the potential advantages of using optimization. The scope of logistics optimization in companies and organizations has expanded to address strategic, tactical, operational, and collaborative decision making. Spreadsheets, an analytical tool familiar to managers, have played a crucial role in the expanded modeling efforts of companies. Although optimization’s role in logistics has grown tremendously, there still are areas that remain to be explored that will allow it to achieve an even larger and more successful role in the management of companies. Additionally, there are some models that are still too large or too complex to currently solve to optimality, despite the advances in computing power and modeling/solving software.     

Operational planning and competitive strategies of male and female retailers

Interest in the managerial practices of females in business has increased over the past decade due to women's increased representation in business. Anecdotal evidence has suggested that women approach decision making differently from men. The purpose of this study is to determine if gender differences regarding managerial strategies exist in the retail setting. Targeted managerial strategies focused on short-term planning processes (personnel, financial, inventory and market planning) and competitive strategies in operation (differentiation, cost leadership and focus). In a sample of 459 retailers from a twelve-state region, MANOVA was used to determine if significant differences in managerial strategies existed between genders. The data on retail competitive strategies suggest that men and women more likely than male business owners to recognize in the importance of differentiation and focus as retail competitive strategies in their business operations. Gender differences were also found in the operational planning areas of market and inventory planning.     

Advertising and the seven sins of memory

A positive intention may be formed as a result of exposure to an advertisement, but if a memory malfunction interferes with that intention, the advertising will be ineffective.This paper considers the implications for advertisers of Daniel Schacter’s ‘seven sins of memory’: transcience, absent-mindedness, blocking, misattribution, suggestibility, bias and persistence. Each of the ‘sins’ is explained in detail and advice provided for advertisers on how to avoid these pitfalls.     

来博弈吧!

正经济学家长久以来一直在用博弈论理解世界。如今,工程师和计算机科学家也正在用这个理论重新构思他们的工作。你和一同犯下重大抢劫案的同伙都被警察抓获了,并且被关进不同的房间进行审问。如果你们两个都对犯罪保持沉默,就会被以较轻的罪名判处一年徒刑。如果你们两个都坦白交代,就都会坐5年牢。但是,如果你