Play Buddies or Space Invaders? Players’ Attitudes Toward In-Game Advertising

This article investigates beliefs that players of digital games hold toward the practice of in-game advertising (IGA), referred to as “attitudes toward in-game advertising” (AttIGA). The hedonic nature of IGA is the strongest, positive predictor of AttIGA. Beliefs about IGA as a means to lower games’ prices contribute positively, and beliefs about fostering materialism contribute negatively to AttIGA. Further, the relative importance of the belief factors determining AttIGA relates to the playing frequency of role-playing games and racing games. The results contribute to theory building and practical considerations of digital games as an important yet underutilized advertising medium.     

Multiple Resource Theory and Consumer Processing of Broadcast Advertisements: An Involvement Perspective

Abstract

In an attempt to reconcile past modality research, Leigh (1991) used Multiple Resource Theory while emphasizing the role of audio / visual congruency and task difficulty. This paper provides an alternative interpretation by reviewing Multiple Resource Theory from an involvement perspective. Past modality studies are organized and integrated based on the level of consumer involvement in the stimulus ad. Empirical findings are shown to be highly consistent with this approach. Suggestions for future modality research are presented.     

A proportionality assumption and measurement biases in the factor content of trade

This paper revisits Trefler and Zhu's (2005, 2010) (TZ) empirical examination of the factor content of trade in the presence of international differences in production techniques and trade in inputs. In this framework, knowing the bilateral details of each country's input–output structure is key to the correct calculation of the factor content of trade. Because input–output tables typically lack this detail, TZ impute the relevant input–output coefficients by making a proportionality assumption. This paper uses survey-based input–output coefficients from the Asian Input–output (AIO) tables that do provide bilateral details. Exploiting methodological differences in the compilation of the AIO tables and the data underlying TZ studies, this paper empirically assesses how well the TZ approach fits sourcing patterns of inputs and finds that it understates countries' use and relative use of foreign inputs, especially in those sectors where they are most used. As a result countries' use of domestic factors is overstated. Biases generated on exported and imported factor services cancel each other out. The net effect on the measured factor trade is small.     

The content of accounting standards: Principles versus rules

The Global Accounting Alliance has raised a call for different perspectives on principles-based accounting standards. Based on prior studies this paper identifies a number of characteristics of principles-based accounting standards. It uses content analysis to empirically test whether the asserted characteristics are consistent with the IASB and FASB standards on interest costs. We find that rules-based standards, relative to principles-based standards, have more rules, more justification, acknowledge less judgement is required, have more bright-line thresholds, have more scope exceptions, and are more verbose and complex. The main drafting difference between a rules-based or principles-based approach is whether extensional definitions or intensional definitions are used. Several policy implications are noted.     

Aggregate real exchange rate persistence through the lens of sectoral data

A novel approach to analyzing real exchange rate (RER) persistence and its sources is presented. Using highly disaggregated data for a group of EU-15 countries, it is shown that the distribution of sectoral persistence is highly heterogeneous and skewed to the right, so that a limited number of sectors are responsible for the high levels of persistence observed at the aggregate level. Quantile regression has been employed to investigate whether traditional theories, such as the lack of arbitrage due to nontradability or imperfect competition combined with price stickiness, are able to account for the slow reversion to parity of RERs.     

Valuing risk reductions: Incorporating risk heterogeneity into a revealed preference framework

Our study expands the hedonic wage framework to take advantage of the inherent differences in workplace deaths, both in type and probability of occurrence, and examines revealed preferences over these heterogeneous risks. We use data on all fatal workplace deaths in the US from 1992 to 1997 and develop risk rates that are differentiated by how the fatal injury occurred. Within sample tests of the equality of compensating wage differentials for heterogeneous risks indicate that we can reject aggregation of homicide risks with other sources of workplace fatalities. However, our results are not without qualification and highlight important nuances of the labor market as related to estimating compensating wage differentials for risks that have generally been ignored in the previous literature.     

新建本科院校教师海外研修的收益分析

以沈阳工程学院为例,运用定量的研究方法,从与知识增长相关的收益、与认知和态度变化相关的收益、与行为表现变化相关的收益等3个方面,分析了学院教师海外研修的收益情况,并提出了新建本科院校教师海外研修的政策建议。     

2008:美国经济衰退还是放缓以及全球影响

诸位早上好,我非常高兴能够来参加这个研讨会.首先,我一张幻灯片都没有.刚才我的同事Gail D.Fosler,已经把那些什么指标、数据都给大家讲得很细了,我就没有幻灯片了.     

The meanings of forest governance in Esmeraldas,Ecuador

Participatory forestry has become the most accepted way of exploiting timber resources in tropical rain forests. This paper shows the links between participatory forestry, sustainable forest management and the continuing objective of reconciling conservation with commercial development in the province of Esmeraldas, one of the poorest and most rapidly deforested regions of South America. I describe and contextualize the evolving logging programme of a leading Ecuadorian wood-processing group to show that the decentralization of the development process, the recognition of local communities as legal entities in the management of natural resources, and the active involvement of profit-oriented firms in biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation all contribute to the emergence of new alliances between the Ecuadorian government, the logging companies, conservation and human rights organizations, and local Black and indigenous communities. My central argument is that devolution in this context leads to conflictive interpretations of regulation. I end with a discussion of the multi-scalar nature of “forest governance”, and highlight the contribution it makes to our understanding of control, regulation and management in new contexts of privatization and decentralization.