城市品牌与流动人口就业选址决策

城市品牌作为保持和增强城市竞争力,加强地区间战略关联和聚集高端生产要素的重要管理工具,已经成为各地城市建设的重点方向。文章以“全国文明城市”的评比作为准自然实验,利用2013-2017年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,探讨了城市品牌对流动人口就业选址决策的影响机理。研究结果显示,当城市获得“全国文明城市”称号后,流动人口到该城市就业的概率显著提高1.13%。进一步的机制检验结果显示,入选“全国文明城市”后,该城市公共品供给增加,环境质量提高和就业机会增多,同时短期内流动人口对文明城市的关注度显著提高,两者共同促使流动人口向文明城市集聚。而“全国文明城市”品牌的正向影响主要集中在互联网基础较好的户籍省份、年轻人群体或育有子女的群体之中。流动人口来到获得“全国文明城市”称号的地区工作之后,他们的公共医疗保险本地参保概率与子女本地入学概率均显著提高,对城市的满意度与融入当地的意愿也显著提升。文章的研究结论对地方政府出台相关人才集聚政策具有一定的启示意义。     

Regulated absolute ruin problem with interest structure and linear dividend barrier

The uncontrolled surplus of an insurance company is a classical risk model. Now the risk model includes three features, namely debit interest, short-term and long-term invested interest, and linear dividend barrier. In this paper, the PDMP method and martingales are used for solvency studies in the risk model under regulation of minimum cash requirement. The integro-differential equations are derived for the expected discounted dividends under absolute ruin. In the case of exponential claim amounts, explicit expressions are obtained, as well as the numerical illustrations and their economic interpretation.     

Statistical Discrimination and Gender Wage Gap: A Model

In this paper, I extend the model in Coate and Loury (CL) (1993) to show how statistical discrimination by employers can help create gender wage gap for men and women with equal earning potentials. Given that employers do not perfectly observe a worker’s skill type and partly rely on the average skills level of his (her) peers for inference purpose, employers’ differential treatment of male and female workers can create different skill-investment incentives for them, which in turn justify employers’ discrimination in the first place. The second result of this paper which is not possible within the original CL framework is that I point to the possibility that there exist circumstances under which the gender wage gap can not be eliminated without the formerly advantaged sex being negatively affected.     

Regional Economic Disparity,Financial Disparity,and National Economic Growth: Evidence from China

The dynamic relations among national economic growth, economic disparity, and financial disparity in China are examined. Specifically, the focus is on whether economic disparity or financial disparity affects national economic growth. As measures of economic and financial disparity across regions and provinces, the Williamson coefficient of disparity is employed using both regional data (eastern, central, and western) and provincial data (from 31 provinces). Overall, it is found that both provincial financial disparity and, to a lesser degree, economic disparity have a negative effect on national economic growth. In addition, financial disparity appears to be exogenous, suggesting that financial disparity is not influenced by either economic disparity or national economic growth.     

Local elections and consumption insurance

During our sample period from 1987 to 2002, Chinese villages completed the transition from government‐appointed village leaders to elected ones. This article examines if and how much democratic elections of the village leaders affected consumption insurance by Chinese village residents. Exploring a panel dataset of 1,400 households from this period, we find that consumption insurance is around 20 percent more complete with elected village leaders. Furthermore, local elections improve consumption insurance only for the poor and middle‐income farmers, but not for the rich. The results are robust when we allow for pretrending, potential endogeneity of elections, and higher measurement errors for rich residents. We also find that the effects on consumption insurance are stronger when closer to the upcoming election year and when the village committees consist largely of non‐Communist Party members. These findings suggest that the election effects on consumption insurance partly come from increasing accountability to local constituents.     

智慧健康养老产业发展的SWOT分析及对策研究

信息技术与健康养老深度融合,发展智慧健康养老产业是国家积极应对人口老龄化的重要举措,推进我国基本公共服务供给侧结构性改革的必然结果.文章基于SWOT模型,从内外部环境因素来分析我国智慧健康养老产业发展所面临的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战,提出推动智慧健康养老产业发展的主要路径.建议加大对智慧养老产业发展的扶持力度,突破关键技术,加快研发成果的转化.提升产品和服务供给质量和水平,搭建公共服务平台.转变养老观念,提升人们对智慧健康养老理念的认知水平.强化信息安全监管,使智慧养老有法可依.     

员工工作满意度、工作行为与组织承诺关系述评

员工工作满意度与组织承诺是研究员工工作行为的理论基础。根据已有的研究提出假设:员工工作满意度与员工组织公民行为正相关,与离职行为负相关;组织承诺与员工组织公民行为及角色内行为正相关,与离职行为负相关;员工工作满意度与组织承诺正相关;组织承诺在员工工作满意度对员工工作行为的影响中起着中介作用。     

国际原油价格波动对中国宏观经济影响的重新考察

本文对国际原油价格波动对中国宏观经济的影响进行了重新考察。研究发现:国际原油价格通过影响采购经理人指数进而影响中国主要宏观经济变量,采购经理人指数的引入,完善了国际原油价格波动对中国宏观经济影响的时序传导机制,从而提高了实证结果的显著性。实证结果显示:国际原油价格上涨对中国消费者价格指数有正向影响,但这一结果并不显著;同时国际原油价格上涨并未改变中国经济增长的总体态势。VEC实证模型的估计结果表明:国际原油价格与中国宏观经济变量之间存在显著的协整关系,而且国际原油价格波动对中国宏观经济的影响存在滞后效应。     

首位晋升与末位淘汰机制的实验比较

本文采用实验经济学中的比较制度实验方法,对首位晋升制和末位淘汰制两种团队激励机制进行了比较。首先,在构建了基本模型的基础上,我们推导出了与首位晋升制和末位淘汰制效率对比相关的三个重要命题;其次,围绕这三个命题,我们又提出了三个实验假设并设计了三组比较制度实验;最后,实验结果表明,团队个体的风险选择行为和能力分布特征等因素对于两种机制的优劣比较具有重要的影响。该研究结论对于团队成员的激励设计具有重要的指导意义。     

国际智力回流的技术扩散效应研究-基于中国地区差异及门槛回归的实证分析

本文将海归引入国际研发溢出的计量模型,利用中国省际面板数据模型分析海归对各地区技术进步的影响。检验结果表明海归技术溢出效应显著,但在不同地区间具有显著的差异性,并且在使用多个工具变量解决变量内生性问题后,该结论依然稳健。在此基础上,本文进一步运用Hansen(1999)提出的门槛检验方法对影响海归技术扩散效应的若干因素及其门槛特征进行检验,并从财政收入、经济发展水平等方面测算了引发海归积极技术外溢效应的门槛水平。