产业辐射机理及其动态优化研究

产业辐射有效解释了新兴产业技术知识与资源在不同区域之间发生投射辐射,进而提高技术能力的经济现象。运用多学科的科学原理及方法探讨区域产业结构调整及产业升级问题,为推进我国特色区域创新体系建设提供了新视角。同时通过研究硅谷对新竹的产业辐射作用,从辐射动力和能〖JP〗量传递两个方面探讨产业辐射机理,界定产业辐射双方（辐射源与接收方）的基本特征,以及辐射产生、相互依赖、互为衍生的路径关系,再以动态的观点探讨了产业辐射系统的优化步骤与内容,进而分析了提升联动效果的机制。     

垂直关联、产业互动与双重集聚效应研究

本文从产业关联与产业互动角度构建了生产性服务业集聚与制造业集聚的互动机理模型。运用2003-2010年中国省际面板数据,通过区位熵指标的测算拟合了生产性服务业集聚与制造业集聚的相关程度,然后通过联立方程模型实证检验了二者的互动效应。结果表明:制造业集聚与生产性服务业集聚之间存在很强的协同关系和互动关系,应充分运用二者的互动机理确立产业结构的转型战略,重点培育产业集群发展,调整和优化制造业与生产性服务业的内部结构,促使我国产业结构升级。     

差异化产品价格战的产生与扩散机制分析

本文基于消费者的"0-1"购买特征和产品的纵向差异化特征,建立了一个新的价格战模型。通过应用数学证明和数值模拟的方法发现:(1)合谋体系、背叛体系以及价格战体系的均衡结果均与需求冲击无关;(2)差异化产品厂商的背叛动机以及产品链条的合谋稳定性也与需求冲击无关;(3)产品的差异化程度是影响合谋稳定性的重要因素,差异化程度越大,合谋越稳定;(4)合谋集团对背叛厂商的惩罚策略存在着"误伤效应",这种效应在一定条件下能够自我抑制,表现为产品链条上的价格战和合谋共存,在其他条件下,这种效应不能自我抑制,价格战一旦发动就会迅速扩散到整个产品链条。     

徽雕艺术的数字化传承

把新媒体数字化艺术与非物质文化遗产徽州雕刻艺术保护和传播进行全新整合,探索当今徽雕艺术数字化保护与利用的科学方法及具体实践,势必将成为我们日后获取徽雕艺术知识的重要手段。数字化传承就是本着发展、推广和应用的观念来传承徽雕艺术,并对其文化内涵进行归纳、提炼及再提升。     

2012年优秀青年科学基金女性获得者特征状况计量分析

以2012年优秀青年科学基金女性获得者为研究样本,通过对其当选年龄、工作地域、工作单位、留学状况、所在学部等要素进行计量研究,归纳、总结了该群体特征状况,并以此为基础对新时代中国女性科学家群体进行了深入剖析。     

西部开发与企业家精神

西部开发给新一代的大学生提供了广阔的发展空间，大学生到西部创业体现了我国当代大学生具有了一定的企业家精神，西部开发给我们提供了培养我国具有冒险精神的企业家的沃土，但大学生到西部创业并不是一帆风顺的，他们必须具有一定的素质条件，才有可能在西部开发的大环境中有所作为。     

Cost-effectiveness of rivaroxaban compared with enoxaparin plus a vitamin K antagonist for the treatment of venous thromboembolism

Background:

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprised of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is commonly treated with a low-molecular-weight heparin such as enoxaparin plus a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) to prevent recurrence. Administration of enoxaparin?+?VKA is hampered by complexities of laboratory monitoring and frequent dose adjustments. Rivaroxaban, an orally administered anticoagulant, has been compared with enoxaparin?+?VKA in the EINSTEIN trials. The objective was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of rivaroxaban compared with enoxaparin?+?VKA as anticoagulation treatment for acute, symptomatic, objectively-confirmed DVT or PE.

Methods:

A Markov model was built to evaluate the costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios associated with rivaroxaban compared to enoxaparin?+?VKA in adult patients treated for acute DVT or PE. All patients entered the model in the ‘on-treatment’ state upon commencement of oral rivaroxaban or enoxaparin?+?VKA for 3, 6, or 12 months. Transition probabilities were obtained from the EINSTEIN trials during treatment and published literature after treatment. A 3-month cycle length, US payer perspective ($2012), 5-year time horizon and a 3% annual discount rate were used.

Results:

Treatment with rivaroxaban cost $2,448 per-patient less and was associated with 0.0058 more QALYs compared with enoxaparin?+?VKA, making it a dominant economic strategy. Upon one-way sensitivity analysis, the model’s results were sensitive to the reduction in index VTE hospitalization length-of-stay associated with rivaroxaban compared with enoxaparin?+?VKA. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000/QALY, probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed rivaroxaban to be cost-effective compared with enoxaparin?+?VKA approximately 76% of the time.

Limitations:

The model did not account for the benefits associated with an oral and minimally invasive administration of rivaroxaban. ‘Real-world’ applicability is limited because data from the EINSTEIN trials were used in the model. Also, resource utilization and costs were based on the US healthcare system.

Conclusion:

Rivaroxaban is a cost-effective option for anticoagulation treatment of acute VTE patients.     

Length of stay and economic consequences with rivaroxaban vs enoxaparin/vitamin K antagonist in patients with DVT and PE: findings from the North American EINSTEIN clinical trial program

Objective:

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) (deep vein thrombosis [DVT] and pulmonary embolism [(PE]) represents a substantial economic burden to the healthcare system. Using data from the randomized EINSTEIN DVT and PE trials, this North American sub-group analysis investigated the potential of rivaroxaban to reduce the length of initial hospitalization in patients with acute symptomatic DVT or PE.

Methods:

A post-hoc analysis of hospitalization and length-of-stay (LOS) data was conducted in the North American sub-set of patients from the randomized, open-label EINSTEIN trial program. Patients received either rivaroxaban (15?mg twice daily for 3 weeks followed by 20?mg once daily; n?=?405) or dose-adjusted subcutaneous enoxaparin overlapping with (guideline-recommended ‘bridging’ therapy) and followed by a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) (international normalized ratio?=?2.0–3.0; n?=?401). The open-label study design allowed for the comparison of LOS between treatment arms under conditions reflecting normal clinical practice. LOS was evaluated using investigator records of dates of admission and discharge. Analyses were carried out in the intention-to-treat population using parametric tests. Costs were applied to the LOS based on weighted mean cost per day for DVT and PE diagnoses obtained from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project dataset.

Results:

Of 382 patients hospitalized, 321 (84%), had acute symptomatic PE; few DVT patients required hospitalization. Similar rates of VTE patients were hospitalized in the rivaroxaban and enoxaparin/VKA treatment groups, 189/405 (47%) and 193/401 (48%), respectively. In hospitalized VTE patients, rivaroxaban treatment produced a 1.6-day mean reduction in LOS (median?=?1 day) compared with enoxaparin/VKA (mean?=?4.5 vs 6.1; median?=?3 vs 4), translating to total costs that were $3419 lower in rivaroxaban-treated patients.

Conclusion:

In hospitalized North American patients with VTE, treatment with rivaroxaban produced a statistically significant reduction in LOS. When treating DVT and PE patients, clinicians should consider newer anti-coagulants with less complex treatment regimens.     

1998年中国上市公司并购实践的效应分析

对上市公司的收购是中国股市近些年出现的新现象 ,本文以 1 998年深沪两市发生的全部 67家公司的并购为样本 ,以公司净资产收益率 (NROA)和主业利润率(CROA)为指标 ,将所有样本根据并购原因划分为 6类 ,以并购前 2年和并购后 3年的数据为基础 ,系统分析了并购的效应与得失。在此基础上 ,还讨论了国有企业与民营企业作为收购方的并购效应和并购的有偿转让与无偿划拨方式的不同结果。文章的结论是 :业绩较差的公司较愿出让控股权 ;多数并购是战略性的 ,获上市地位是主要的并购动力 ;并购后主业得到明显加强 ;市场化的战略性并购效果较好 ,有偿并购的效果也较好。     

内陆城市的一条特殊发展道路——“服务业引致反梯度追赶”假说及初始条件

内陆城市以承接沿海城市制造业转移来实现经济追赶的传统发展道路并不是唯一的。当代条件下服务业的影响可能改变中国内陆城市的传统发展道路,即存在一条特殊发展道路:一部分具备一定条件的内陆城市可以跳过制造业充分发展阶段,通过服务业对制造业的结构性替代形成服务业主导的特殊工业化模式,并在此基础上实现快速经济增长引起内陆城市的经济发展程度接近或者赶上沿海城市,从而达成对沿海城市的反梯度追赶。