2007年上海市金融运行报告

2007年,上海市认真贯彻国家的各项宏观调控政策,经济连续16年保持两位数增长。货币信贷运行总体平稳,各项贷款增加较多。金融市场发展势头良好,企业融资结构继续改善。2008年,人民银行上海总部和上海市各金融机构要重点做好以下几个方面的工作:一是要严格控制信贷投放规模和节奏。二是要切实加强流动性管理。三是要继续优化信贷结构。四是要加快推进盈利模式转变。五是要进一步加强房地产贷款管理。六是要继续深入推进上海国际金融中心建设。     

强化金融外汇支持，助推“长三角”企业“走出去”

贯彻实施“走出去”发展战略,是当前我国面临的一个具有战略性和全局·性的重大课题;而营造一个宽松的政策环境,加大对“走出去”企业的金融支持力度．有利于促进有比较优势的各类企业对外投资,使“走出去”的企业迅速壮大。文章从加快“走出去”的立法进程、建立和完善境外投资保护制度、积极支持金融机构开展国际化经营等七个方面就建立和完善“走出去”金融外汇支持体系提出建议。     

境外人民币衍生品的发展及其对我国的影响

近年来,境外金融市场相继推出人民币衍生品,如场外人民币无本金交割远期（NDF）、美国芝加哥商品交易所（CME）人民币期货和期货期权产品等。文章介绍了境内外人民币远期产品的交易情况,并利用近一年的交易数据对三个市场价格的相关性、拟合程度以及相互引导关系进行了深入分析,认为境内外人民币衍生品市场的互动性较强,国内银行间外汇市场对境外市场价格具有一定的引导作用,人民币汇率定价权并未如部分人士认为的那样旁落境外。     

基准利率体系完善与货币政策操作模式转变:国际经验

该文系统分析了美国利率率调控模式的成功实践、日本向利率调控模式的转轨,认为中央银行货币政策调控模式从“数量型”向“价格型”转变是市场经济体系完善的内在要求,以利率调控为中心的货币政策模式已越来越多地被发达国家和发展中国家所采用。文章认为国际经验均表明,我国当前已建立并将在未来逐步趋于完善的Shibor体系,可能对未来我国货币政策操作模式的转变产生重大而深远的影响。     

Effects of Appliance Standards on Product Price and Attributes: An Hedonic Pricing Model

The tradeoffs between energy efficiency gains and product attributes as a result of the implementation of federal energy performance standards are examined. Hedonic pricing relationships are used to estimate changes in standardized marginal attribute prices for freezer volumes, food volumes, and annual energy consumption for refrigerators and refrigerator/freezers. From 1987/88 to 1993, energy performance standards significantly reduced energy consumption and at the same time, a historical decline in "quality-adjusted" real prices continued without disruption and consumers appeared to experience a welfare gain as a result of improving levels of energy efficiency.     

Has Canadian house price growth been excessive?

The dramatic rise in the ratio of Canada's average house price to average rent has led to speculation that there is a bubble in the Canadian housing market. Others have argued, however, that the currently high level of house prices may be rationalized by the low cost of financing, given the decline in interest rates over the last two decades. In this article, we assess these arguments through the lens of a simple asset pricing model applied to city‐level data. We quantify the extent to which excess growth in Canadian house prices depends on the nature of the current regime governing real interest rates, expectations of rent growth in different cities and variations in property taxes.     

Epic Aspects of Retail Encounters: The Iliad of Hollister

Much has been written about myth and the marketplace. Consumer research has added immeasurably to academics’ appreciation of the myths that inhere in fabulous flagship stores and experiential retailing more generally. Studies of consumer mythopoeia, however, have tended to muffle the martial side of retailing, the heroic struggles that some customers undergo in-store. This article argues that the epic offers valuable insights into martial matters, and more. Although epic and myth overlap, they are far from identical. The former is characterized by conventions that can help illuminate consumers’ quests, not least their disturbing journeys through the underworld. These are considered in relation to Hollister (HCo), a phenomenally successful retail chain that’s renowned for its antithetical atmospherics and inky interior design. A qualitative study of Hollister lovers and haters casts light on the epic in action and adds to scholars’ understanding of immersive retailing experiences.     

Stakeholder Conceptions of Later-Life Consumer Vulnerability in the Financial Services Industry: Beyond Financial Capability?

When the newly re-constituted UK financial services regulator–the Financial Conduct Authority–was launched in 2013, it promised to adopt a new approach to its “consumer protection” objectives. This shift included articulating a new conception of consumer vulnerability, beyond narrow, individualistic, conceptions of vulnerability based on (limited) financial capability, towards a broader conception which takes account of the connection between individual circumstances, situations, and market factors in causing or exacerbating manifestations of consumer vulnerability. Drawing on new empirical research with later-life financial services stakeholders and consumers, this article examines the extent to which equity release stakeholder perceptions of consumer vulnerability align to this new regulatory philosophy, and to the realities of consumer experiences. Our findings indicate that, in contrast to the FCA’s new, broader understanding of consumer vulnerability, the stakeholders in our study tended to understand vulnerability through a narrower lens, focusing predominantly on “information vulnerability,” or on whether or not the consumer “knows what they are doing.” This conception supports the assumption that providing financial advice is sufficient intervention to ensure good consumer outcomes. This assumption is also at odds with our earlier consumer study findings, which revealed a much wider set of vulnerabilities amongst equity release consumers. We reflect on the implications of these findings for the development of the later-life financial services industry, in ways that can more appropriately serve the needs of this consumer population.     

Modelling the impact of central bank intervention on exchange rate volatility under inflation targeting

This article empirically investigates the effect of central bank’s foreign exchange interventions on the level and volatility of the Uganda shilling/US dollar exchange rate (UGX/USD) under an inflation-targeting regime. Utilizing daily data spanning the period 1 September 2005, to 31 December 2015, we estimate a foreign exchange intervention model within a GARCH theoretic framework. Empirical results indicate that foreign exchange interventions have had mixed impact on the volatility of the exchange rate. We find that inflation targeting is capable of curbing temporary exchange rate shocks. Empirical results indicate that while order flow is capable of reducing exchange rate volatility, an increase in the operating target rate, the 7-day interbank rate tends to exacerbate exchange rate volatility. Our empirical results are robust to alternative model specifications. We argue that inflation targeting is an effective monetary policy tool for curbing exchange rate volatility.