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991.
André?van?StelEmail author 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2005,1(1):105-123
This paper presents a harmonized data set over the period 1972–2002, containing two-yearly data on the number of non-agricultural business owners and the size of the labour force for 23 OECD countries, as well as the quotient of these two variables which is called the business ownership rate of a country. The data set is called COMPENDIA, which means COMParative ENtrepreneurship Data for International Analysis. It has been constructed by EIM Business and Policy Research, using OECD statistics as well as other relevant sources. We make an attempt to make business ownership rates comparable across countries and over time. 相似文献
992.
Two approaches can be distinguished with respect to modelling entrepreneurship: (i) the approach focusing on the net development of the number of entrepreneurs in an equilibrium framework and (ii) the approach focusing on the entries and exits of entrepreneurs. In this paper we unify these approaches to arrive at a model explaining the equilibrium and actual number of entrepreneurs and the entry and exit rate of entrepreneurs simultaneously and consistently. We apply our unified approach to the Netherlands using self-employment data for the 1960–1999 period. We find error-correction of about 20% per year and a very different situation in terms of disequilibrium before and after the early 1980s. Periods of high unemployment appear to be characterized by both high entry and high exit rates. 相似文献
993.
In this paper, we use a gravity model to investigate the extent to which currency barriers explain the border effect puzzle,
i.e. the impact of national borders on international trade. We focus on the two monetary unions of the CFA Franc Zone in West
and Central Africa. We find that these countries display large border effects, and that currency barriers explain between
17 per cent and 28 per cent of the overall border effect.
JEL no. F11, F15, F33 相似文献
994.
Exchange Rate Disconnect in a Standard Open-Economy Macro Model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper demonstrates that the well-documented exchange rate disconnect can be explained within traditional exchange rate models. It is shown that even if the underlying fundamentals are invariant across exchange rate regimes, equilibrium real exchange rates are more volatile under flexible nominal exchange rates than under fixed rates. In particular, fixed rates reduce the requisite adjustments of the real exchange rate in response to both nominal and real shocks relative to a floating-rate scenario. 相似文献
995.
In this paper we propose a generalisation of the noise trader transmission mechanism to examine the impact of central bank intervention on exchange rates. Within a heterogeneous expectation exchange rate model intervention operations are supposed to provide support for chartist or fundamentalist forecasts, which forces portfolio managers to adjust their foreign currency positions. The empirical examination of the hypothesis is done by applying a Markov regime-switching approach to daily DEM/US-dollar exchange rates and intervention data of the Deutsche Bundesbank and the Federal Reserve from 1979 to 1992. It is shown that chartists profits rose whenever these central banks intervened on the foreign exchange market. This is not true for those who follow a fundamentalist approach.JEL Classification Numbers: F31, C32, E58, G15 相似文献
996.
We compare the experience with collusion in the market for lysine with the predictions of theory. The lysine market provides an ideal setting following the confessions of cartel participants in antitrust investigations. Data availability allows demand and cost functions to be estimated and observed mark-ups compared with predictions. We find that several integral aspects of collusion in the lysine market are not adequately addressed in the literature: the dynamics associated with entry and investment; persistent asymmetries between firms; the cartel's bargaining problem; and the existence of cheating in equilibrium. These issues are likely to have much wider applicability beyond the lysine market. 相似文献
997.
J. M. M. Ritzen T. Kloek D. B. J. Schouten R. P. Zuidema P. J. Eijgelshoven A. Kolnaar F. Broekman J. A. H. de Beaufort Wijnholds J. J. van Duijn H. Jager A. E. Steenge Henk Plasmeijer Jorg Glombowski F. Hartog Dirk J. Wolfson Joop Hartog K. A. Koekkoek P. W. Klein Th. de Bruin H. H. Vleesenbeek J. van Dam Marc de Smidt M. van Nieuwkerk P. M. Storm 《De Economist》1984,132(1):100-143
998.
In this paper, we examine if sustainability of the US fiscal deficit holds by means of studying the univariate properties of the difference between expenditures and public revenues using a methodology based on fractional processes. Furthermore, we incorporate the possibility of structural breaks in the deficit process. The results show that when allowing for a break in the mid-1970s, the public deficit in the US is an I(d) process with the fractional integration parameter d being slightly less than unity, implying that the fiscal deficit is mean reverting, and thus, sustainable, though the adjustment process towards equilibrium will take a very long time. 相似文献
999.
The present study introduces a theoretical land pricing model that allows for proportional transaction costs, and a corresponding kernel regression test. The model is tested with farmland returns data for 20 individual states, and also with two aggregate U.S. level series. The constant discount rate (CDR) present value model (PVM) of farmland prices is strongly rejected. However, it is found that the behavior of land prices and rents is consistent with the CDR-PVM in the presence of empirically observed values of transaction costs. Findings are very robust in that they apply to both individual state-level data and the U.S. aggregate-level series. 相似文献
1000.