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181.
Markus C. Kerber 《Wirtschaftsdienst》2009,89(11):733-741
Die CO2-Richtlinie der EU zum Handel mit Treibhausgasemissionszertifi katen wurde Ende letzten Jahres ge?ndert. Sie enth?lt Ausnahmebestimmungen
für Industriezweige mit hohem Energieverbrauch und mit intensiven Handelsbeziehungen mit Drittstaaten. Markus C. Kerber hat
nicht nur ordnungspolitische Bedenken, sondern sieht auch staatsrechtliche Bruchstellen. 相似文献
182.
In empirical research on direct investments, Dunning's eclectic paradigm is widely accepted. While this paradigm serves as
a theoretical basis for selecting possible explanatory variables, econometric specification usually is ad hoc. This paper
shows the implications of the eclectic paradigm for the econometric estimation of investment determinants using firm-level
data. The assumptions on the eclectic paradigm lead to a multiplicative model, which calls for a particular estimation strategy.
In this way, the empirical analysis is coherently linked to the theoretical base. Furthermore, it becomes possible to systematically
test the assumptions of the eclectic paradigm. 相似文献
183.
Alice M. Wieland Markus Kemmelmeier Vishal K. Gupta William McKelvey 《Entrepreneurship & Regional Development》2019,31(3-4):178-197
ABSTRACTThis research explores the social-cognitive factors which lead both women and men to pursue ventures consistent with their gendered social identity, therefore, reinforcing the gender gap in entrepreneurship. We measured the self-assessments of individuals presented with experimentally manipulated entrepreneurial opportunities that were either consistent or inconsistent with their self-reported gender. A theoretical model derived from Social Role Theory is presented and tested. It posits that a gender match (mismatch) with the entrepreneurial opportunity results in higher (lower) reported self-efficacy, anticipated social resources, and venture desirability and lower (higher) venture risk perceptions. The experimental data are tested in a sequential mediation SEM model. We find evidence that self-efficacy and anticipated social resources mediate the effect of gender congruency on perceived risk and venture desirability. The results provide insight into the insidious barriers that play a role in reproducing a gender gap in entrepreneurial outcomes by ‘nudging’ women into lower-return ventures in less lucrative industries. 相似文献
184.
Abstract. This study applies stochastic frontier analytic techniques in the estimation of sporting production functions. As ex-ante input factors, we use pre-seasonal estimates of wage bills of players and coaches that are transformed during the production process of a season into ex-post pecuniary revenues and sporting success. In the case of athletic output we find a robust pattern of technical efficiency over subsequent seasons. Estimates based on economic output, however, do not support an efficiency model. A significant inter-seasonal change in overall technical productivity rather highlights the economic instability of the German soccer industry. 相似文献
185.
This article surveys the research on the efficient assignment of policy tasks to different levels of government and applies the results on the delimitation of competencies within the EU. A precise derivation of an optimal degree of decentralisation is not possible on purely theoretical grounds, it has to be determined case-by-case. Systematic evidence on direct relationships between economic performance and fiscal decentralisation is both scarce and ambiguous. Comparing the actual and prospective delimitation of EU-competencies with the normative recommendations, remarkable discrepancies arise in the fields of agriculture and defence. The establishment of a flexible assignment scheme is an undeniable necessity in order to guarantee reversibility and to cope efficiently with changing conditions. In this respect, the European Convention has delivered insufficient results in its final draft Treaty as of July 2003. 相似文献
186.
Income Inequality and Income Mobility in the Scandinavian Countries Compared to the United States 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Rolf Aaberge ers Björklund Markus Jäntti Mårten Palme Peder J. Pedersen Nina Smith & Tom Wennemo 《Review of Income and Wealth》2002,48(4):443-469
This paper compares income inequality and income mobility in the Scandinavian countries and the United States during 1980–90. The results suggest that inequality is greater in the United States than in the Scandinavian countries and that this inequality ranking of countries remains unchanged when the accounting period of income is extended from one to eleven years. The pattern of mobility turns out to be remarkably similar, in the sense that the proportionate reduction in inequality from extending the accounting period of income is much the same. But we do find evidence of greater dispersion of first differences of relative earnings and income in the United States. Relative income changes are associated with changes in labor market and marital status in all four countries, but the magnitude of such changes are largest in the United States. 相似文献
187.
188.
189.
This article contributes to two recurring and very central debates in the international management literature: the convergence vs. divergence debate and the standardization vs. localization debate. Using a large‐scale sample of multinationals headquartered in the United States, Japan, and Germany, as well as subsidiaries of multinationals from these three countries in the two other respective countries, we test the extent to which HRM practices in subsidiaries are characterized by country‐of‐origin, localization, and dominance effects. Our results show that overall the dominance effect is most important (i.e., subsidiary practices appear to converge to the dominant U.S. practices). Hence, our results lead to the rather surprising conclusion for what might be considered to be the most localized of functions—HRM—that convergence to a worldwide best practices model is clearly present. The lack of country‐of‐origin effects for Japanese and German multinationals leads us to a conclusion that is of significant theoretical as well as practical relevance. Multinationals might limit the export of country‐of‐origin practices to their core competences and converge to best practices in other areas. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
190.
Markus Vanharanta Author Vitae Geoff Easton Author Vitae 《Industrial Marketing Management》2010,39(3):425-436
In this paper, we introduce empirical evidence showing how mental simulation was used as a heuristic strategy in an industrial network context. The mental network simulations observed are consistent with the Recognition-Primed Decision (RPD) model, according to which intuitive thinking allows managerial experience to be translated into focal network action, without resorting to a “rational” or comparative decision strategy. We identify the main business significance of mental network simulations in terms of their utility to clarify ambiguous or only partially known focal network situations, to develop coherent focal net plans and tactics, and to mentally preview how specific focal net tactics/strategies are likely to play out in reality. In short, mental network simulations were observed as being useful in generating focal net action through cognitively meeting the complex environmental challenges in dynamic focal net interaction between companies. 相似文献