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981.
Robert?A.?GiacaloneEmail author Karen?Paul Carole?L.?Jurkiewicz 《Journal of Business Ethics》2005,58(4):295-305
Research on positive psychology demonstrates that specific individual dispositions are associated with more desirable outcomes. The relationship of positive psychological constructs, however, has not been applied to the areas of business ethics and social responsibility. Using four constructs in two independent studies (hope and gratitude in Study 1, spirituality and generativity in Study 2), the relationship of these constructs to sensitivity to corporate social performance (CSCSP) were assessed. Results indicate that all four constructs significantly predicted CSCSP, though only hope and gratitude interacted to impact CSCSP. Discussion focuses upon these findings, limitations of the study, and future avenues for research. 相似文献
982.
Applying evidence from recently available public information on Enron, I defined Enron’s culture as one rooted in agency theory
by asserting that Enron’s members were predominantly agency-reasoning individuals. I then identified conditions present at
Enron’s collapse: a strong agency culture with collectively non-compliant norms, a munificent rare-failure environment, and
new hires with little business ethics training. Turning to four possible antidotes (selection, objectivist integrity, integrity
capacity, and stewardship reasoning) to an agency culture under these conditions, I argued that the currently available ethics
literature would have made little difference toward averting Enron’s collapse if any of the recommendations from the relevant
ethics literature had been implemented. I conclude by identifying new directions for business ethics literature in order to
make it more implementable under the conditions identified at Enron. Essentially, we need a way to clearly determine (1) the
difference between connivance and commitment, (2) what is meant by balance with regard to the multiple dimensions of ethics
and legal theories, and (3) the proper balance between agency and stewardship reasoning.
Brian E. Kulik is a Ph.D. candidate in Management at Washington State University’s School of Business. His work focuses on
the prevention of corporate corruption, corporate governance and ethics, teamwork and diversity, and research methods. His
research to date has appeared in the Western and National Academy of Management conference proceedings and the journal Organizational
Analysis. He earned M.S. degrees from Washington State University and The University of Cincinnati, and M.B.A. from The University
of Denver. 相似文献
983.
Charles A.E.?Goodhart Pojanart?Sunirand Dimitrios P.?TsomocosEmail author 《Annals of Finance》2005,1(2):197-224
Summary. This paper proposes a model to assess risk for banks. Its main innovation is to incorporate endogenous interaction among banks, where the actual risk an individual bank bears also depends on its interaction with other banks and investors. We develop a two-period general equilibrium model with three active heterogeneous banks, incomplete markets, and endogenous default. The model is calibrated against UK banking data and therefore can be implemented as a risk assessment tool for regulators and central banks. We address the impact of monetary and regulatory policy, credit and capital shocks in the real and financial sectors.We are grateful to Lea Zicchino, an anonymous referee, seminar participants at the Bank of England, and the third Conference in Research in Economic Theory and Econometrics, Syros, for helpful comments. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank of England.This revised version was published online in January 2005 with corrections to the Cover date. 相似文献
984.
In this paper we examine the extent of the bias between Black and Scholes (1973)/Black (1976) implied volatility and realized term volatility in the equity and energy markets. Explicitly modeling a market price of volatility risk, we extend previous work by demonstrating that Black-Scholes is an upward-biased predictor of future realized volatility in S&P 500/S&P 100 stock-market indices. Turning to the Black options-on-futures formula, we apply our methodology to options on energy contracts, a market in which crises are characterized by a positive correlation between price-returns and volatilities: After controlling for both term-structure and seasonality effects, our theoretical and empirical findings suggest a similar upward bias in the volatility implied in energy options contracts. We show the bias in both Black-Scholes/Black implied volatilities to be related to a negative market price of volatility risk.
JEL Classification G12 · G13 相似文献
985.
Recent research in accounting explores how firms use “individual” or “non-financial” measures of performance in executive
compensation contracts. We model a firm that conditions bonus payments to executives on information that is not available
to those outside the firm. This raises two issues. First, market participants may use the magnitude of such payments to infer
the non-public information. Second, because information that is non-public is, by extension, non-verifiable, the firm cannot
write explicit contracts based on it. Combining the relational incentive contracts and financial signaling literatures, we
examine equilibria of a signaling game in which bonus payments from a firm to a manager convey non-public information regarding
the firm’s future cash flows. Our main result is that increases in corporate myopia can, under some conditions, lead to increased
profits. This finding is contrary to that typically found in financial signaling models. 相似文献
986.
This paper deals with comparisons of low-discrepancy sequences in terms of actual performance through numerical computation
for option pricing. For that purpose, we construct a variety of randomized low-discrepancy sequences based on classical low-discrepancy
sequences. A randomization structure by coordinate-wise and digit-wise permutations proves to give excellent results regardless
of the classical low-discrepancy sequences.
This paper represents only the author’s personal opinion, and has absolutely nothing to do with his affiliation. 相似文献
987.
The GARCH model is modified to capture the effect on volatilities of the consecutive number of positive or negative shocks. The new model is tested against the Shanghai Shcomp and Nikkei225 indices and found particularly useful in analyzing the Shcomp index. Similarly, the EGARCH model is extended along the same line as the GARCH model and is applied to the same sets of data. Stationarity of the new GARCH (1, 1) model is proved, and also derived is the asymptotic distribution of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator. 相似文献
988.
Sascha?WilkensEmail author Jens?Wimschulte 《Financial Markets and Portfolio Management》2005,19(1):61-98
This paper investigates whether the announcement and/or the implementation of the major changes in March 2003 to the German stock index landscape led to significant price and volume effects. We examine five stock subgroups that were either removed from their former indices or that were added to existing or newly constructed indices. Around the announcement date, stocks in these groups are subject to (cumulative) positive average abnormal marketadjusted returns, whereas the average trading volume tends to decrease. Around the actual change date, (cumulative) abnormal returns are mainly positive, while findings on abnormal transaction volumes are fairly heterogeneous. Our empirical results are not supported by any of the prevailing theoretical explanations of market reactions to index changes, but, as an important result, all findings depend crucially on the chosen benchmark model.The authors are grateful to two anonymous referees for insightful comments and suggestions and for helpful discussions with Stephan Schmidt-Tank. They would like to thank Fabian Zettler for his assistance in collecting the data. 相似文献
989.
David?A.?KirbyEmail author Stefan?Kaiser 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2005,1(1):83-104
Joint Ventures (JVs) have become popular vehicles for foreign market servicing, but few studies have focused on the joint venturing activities of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). This article examines the activities of 9 U.K. and 12 German SME joint ventures in China. Based on a questionnaire survey and in-depth case interviews, it reveals that the JVs, though successful, are not without their problems and the experiences are similar to those of large multi-national enterprises. As the key to success is the choice of the joint venture partner, assistance is required to help SMEs identify and select appropriate partners. 相似文献
990.
Wee-Liang?TanEmail author John?Williams Teck-Meng?Tan 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2005,1(3):353-365
What is social entrepreneurship? In, particular, what’s so social about it? Understanding what social entrepreneurship is enables researchers to study the phenomenon and policy-makers to design measures to encourage it. However, such an understanding is lacking partly because there is no universally accepted definition of entrepreneurship as yet. In this paper, we suggest a definition of social entrepreneurship that intuitively accords with what is generally accepted as entrepreneurship and that captures the way in which entrepreneurship may be altruistic. Based on this we provide a taxonomy of social entrepreneurship and identify a number of real cases from Asia illustrating the different forms it could take. 相似文献