非营利组织社会资本对其筹资的影响

解释了非营利组织的社会资本对其筹资的影响。首先介绍了非营利组织概念的产生和界定以及其组织分类及标准;然后对有关社会资本的概念产生过程和测量的研究文献进行了回顾,进而讨论了非营利组织社会资本的测量方法、影响变量;最后利用我国14家非营利组织的相关数据,实证分析了其社会资本对收入差异的影响。     

中国债券市场2011年变化特征与2012年形势展望

2011年,中国债券市场在国内宏观调控措施集中出台和外部经济形势复杂多变等因素的交织影响下,呈现出鲜明的走势特点,也打破了众多历史常规。主要表现为：资金面成绝对主角,收益率大幅跳升,收益率曲线呈平坦化趋势,信用利差屡创新高等。展望2012年,受全球去杠杆化和国内宏观调控、经济结构调整的叠加影响,中国经济增长大周期将经历稳步回调的过程,债券阶段性牛市有望延续,但随着调控政策重心的转移,利率趋势可能在年内出现转折。     

企业年金制度的经济效应——基于一般均衡模型的研究

在人口老龄化背景下,企业年金制度得到了广泛发展,其产生的经济效应不容忽视.本文在一般均衡框架下,利用世代交叠模型(0LG)从宏观经济资本与产出、微观经济生产者、微观经济消费者三个层面分析了企业年金制度带来的经济效应.分析结果表明,企业年金制度的建立,使资本量和产量增加,使资本-劳动比、产出-劳动比及资本-产出比提高;导致利率和工资水平下降,但幅度不大;使工作期和退休期的消费增加,个人消费效用水平提高.就整体而言,企业年金制度的经济效应是正面的.     

陕西外商直接投资的现状及启示

陕西地处中国东西结合部,加之其特有的资源禀赋优势,使其成为西部大开发的桥头堡和第一阶梯。改革开放以来,陕西的利用外商直接投资工作取得了显著成效,虽然与东部省市相比差距较大,但与西部省市相比,尚位于前列。近年来,外商直接投资已成为陕西省经济增长的重要推动因素,对于承接国际、国内东部资本和产业的向西转移,并带动西部地区扩大对外开放起到了积极的作用。近年来陕西外商直接投资的现状1.总体排序:位列全国中游靠后,西部第三自1983年陕西省诞生的第一家外商投资企业起,到2004年底,全省累计批准外商直接投资项目4111个,合同外资93.1…     

道歉的概念： 一些初步的思考

道歉是对悔过的有指向性的表达。指向性是指，这种表达指向的主体通常是其利益因为相关过错而实际受损害的特定或不特定的个人或群体。道歉属于行为，它的实质是表达悔过。悔过的前提是悔过者犯了错。悔过是针对自我的、内在的心理反应或态度，不是外在行为。悔过的充要条件有二，即内疚和改错。属于道歉的典型行为有： 坦白、表达抱歉、认错、承诺改过和补救。可以用教育来促动或引发悔过和道歉，但却不可以强制犯错者道歉。道歉不应该成为对犯错者的羞辱。道歉时常会促进受害人的谅解，但不请求谅解、不被谅解不影响道歉的成立和品质；道歉与谅解在概念上是相互独立的。道歉可以给惩罚者施加相应的宽宥义务。道歉是对待错误及其伤害的正确做法。法制不可以强制道歉，但应该承认和鼓励道歉，至少不要打击道歉。     

收入不平等和中国经常账户失衡问题研究

文章通过理论分析和实证分析论证了收入不平等和中国经常账户失衡的数量关 系.首先构建了收入不平等和经常账户关系的两期模型,研究表明:低收入人群的跨期消费决策受到参照群体(高消费群体)消费外部性的影响,且这种影响随着收入不平等程度的增加而增加;同时,收入不平等对经常账户的影响与金融发展程度相关.随着收入不平等程度的增加,金融发展程度越高,经常账户越容易产生赤字;当金融发展程度较低时,低收入人群获得自由借贷的范围和水平受到限制,普遍推迟当前消费,进而导致经常账户盈余.文章还基于中国1980-2012年的统计数据,采用GMM估计方法对收入不平等和经常账户的关系进行了实证研究,结果表明:收入不平等是造成中国经常账户失衡的重要影响因素;收入不平等对中国经常账户的影响还受制于中国的金融发展水平.     

The impact of mentoring quality on protégés' organization‐based self‐esteem and proactive behavior: The moderating role of traditionality

Based on self‐consistency theory, this study examined the relationship between mentoring quality as perceived by protégés and protégés' proactive behavior. It focused on the mediating role of organization‐based self‐esteem (OBSE) and the moderating role of traditionality. To examine these relationships, we administrated three‐wave surveys to 237 subordinate–supervisor dyads in a construction enterprise. The results of hierarchical linear modeling demonstrated that (a) mentoring quality and proactive behavior had a positive relationship; (b) OBSE mediated this relationship; and (c) traditionality strengthened both the relationship between mentoring quality and OBSE and the indirect effect of mentoring quality on proactive behavior via OBSE. Our findings have theoretical and practical implications for research on mentoring and proactive behavior.     

Cost-effectiveness analysis of utidelone plus capecitabine for metastatic breast cancer in China

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of utidelone plus capecitabine therapy compared to capecitabine alone in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) resistant to anthracyclines and taxanes treatment in the Chinese context and provide a reference for the marketing of utidelone in China.

Methods: A Markov model was developed based on the NCT02253459 clinical trial to simulate the clinical course of patients with metastatic breast cancer who had received taxanes and anthracycline therapy. The quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) were then analyzed to evaluate the benefits. Two-parametric Weibull distribution was conducted to fit PFS and OS curves by using R. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the stability of the model designed.

Results: The addition of utidelone increased the cost and QALYs by $13,370.25 and 0.1961, respectively, resulting in an increased ICER of $68,180.78 per QALY. The most sensitive influential parameter on ICER was the price of utidelone. At the threshold of willingness-to-pay (WTP) of $24,380 (3 per capita GDP of China), the cost of utidelone per 30?mg of less than $18.5, $33.7, and greater than $48.8 resulted in a 100%, 50%, and 0% possibility of cost-effectiveness, respectively. The addition of utidelone was not cost-effective when it was $115.4 per 30?mg—the price of its analog paclitaxel. In consideration of varied economics levels across China, cost-effectiveness could be achieved with the price of utidelone ranging from $5.2 to $35.9.

Limitations: The survival curves extended beyond the follow-up time horizon, of which data were generated not from the real analyses but from our established two-parameter Weibull survival model.

Conclusion: It is recommended that the price of utidelone would be less than $18.5 per 30?mg in order to obtain cost-effectiveness for metastatic breast cancer patients resistant to anthracyclines and taxanes treatment in China.     

中小企业发展的地方财政政策研究

文章通过分析青海省中小企业在发展中面临的外部问题,提出了加强地方财政政策对中小企业支持力度的相关建议.     

中外合资经营企业转让定价实证研究——以山东省为例

中外合资经营企业作为跨国公司进入中国市场一种方式,其转让定价问题日益突出。通过利用2001～2005年的公开统计数据,对山东省中外合资经营工业企业的利润转移情况进行了定量分析,得出了比较科学的结论。