The Relationship of Pari-mutuel Wagering and Casino Gaming to Personal Bankruptcy

In this article, the relationship of the availability of pari-mutuel wagering and casino gaming opportunities to personal (nonbusiness) bankruptcy filings is investigated. An econometric model was developed relating the number of personal bankruptcies to sociodemographic, legal, and economic factors. In addition, a unique measure of access to casino and pari-mutuel gaming was included. Population, personal income, age, race, divorce rate, unemployment rate, and the ratio of debt to disposable personal income were found to be significant determinants of personal bankruptcies. Access to pari-mutuel or casino gaming facilities was found not to have a significant impact on personal bankruptcies. (JEL K1 , K4 , D1 , L83 )     

一种双精度除法运算的方法

本文以ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ２５信号处理器为例，介绍一种用单字节的运算程序实现双精度除法运算的方法，在保证精度的条件下，使程序编制简单、方便。     

Development patterns of oil exporting countries

This study analyzes empirically the impact of rising income levels on the economic structure of several oil producing and exporting countries during the 1970s and early 1980s. The results indicate that the agricultural sector showed declining rates of growth, and negative growth elasticities were indicated by nine of the ten countries included in this study. On the other hand, the industrial sector in all countries showed positive growth to varying degrees. However, this growth may be more policy-induced than real growth. Disparity and inequality ratios were highest in Middle East and North African countries.     

A limit theorem for an approximate core of a large but finite economy

We present a formulation of an approximate core that can be sustained as an approximate equilibrium for a ‘large enough’ finite exchange economy whose traders need not have transitive, continuous or convex preferences.     

Property rights in a very poor country: tenure insecurity and investment in Ethiopia

This article provides evidence from one of the poorest countries in the world that the institutions of property rights matter for efficiency, investment, and growth. With all land state‐owned, the threat of land redistribution never appears far off the agenda. Land rental and leasing have been made legal, but transfer rights remain restricted and the perception of continuing tenure insecurity remains quite strong. Using a unique panel data set, this study investigates whether transfer rights and implied tenure insecurity affect household investment decisions, focusing on trees and shrubs. The panel data estimates suggest that limited perceived transfer rights negatively affects the long‐term investment in Ethiopian agriculture, contributing to the low returns from land and perpetuating low growth and poverty.     

Religious Perceptions and Hegemony on Tourism Development: the Case of the Islamic Republic of Iran

This paper highlights tourism development constraints with regard to religious perceptions in a religion‐dominated country, Iran. The ruling class does not want to discount any of the fundamental social and cultural values in the process of preparing strategies for national tourism development plans. Countries such as Iran, concerned about potential negative influences of tourism development, de‐emphasize potential positive economic impacts. In post‐revolutionary Iran, tourism development and promotion follow unique, religiously‐based strategies. The current five‐year development plan is a first step towards a transition to the recognition of the importance of tourism for economic development and improved international relations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A multi-agent model of a low income economy: simulating the distributional effects of natural disasters

This paper develops an agent-based model of a stylized low income region in order to study the impact of natural disasters on population displacement, income, prices, and consumption with a focus on distributions and coping strategies of low income groups. Key features of the model include the integration of decentralized markets into a full economy in a spatially explicit way and the analysis of short-run adjustment processes. The model is calibrated to a low income region of rural agrarian Pakistan that faced severe floods in 2010. Dynamic adaptation by agents in response to falling income includes migrating and running down savings. Despite these consumption smoothing strategies, some low income groups are vulnerable to starvation. The paper showcases two hypothetical policy scenarios, a cash and a food transfer program, and tracks their effects on the welfare of low income groups in the economy.     

International trade and economic growth: evidence from a panel ARDL-PMG approach

The purpose of this work is to study the impact of trade openness on the economic growth of the countries bordering the Mediterranean using a panel of eight countries from 1975 to 2016. We apply ARDL panel which is a technique recently developed. We study the effects of openness to international trade on economic growth while incorporating economic policy variables. The results show that the variables of commercial and financial openness favor economic growth. The free trade agreements that the European Union has signed with certain countries in the Mediterranean basin are designed above all to encourage greater regional economic integration and an increase in their potential growth. Therefore, our findings show that the financial sector is slow to affect economic growth in these countries. This study reveals that human capital and the investment rate support the economic growth of our sample. In addition, we conclude that a process of economic convergence has begun in these countries. A causal analysis was carried out we found an unidirectional causality ranging from economic growth to trade openness.

     

Culture,Perceived Value,and Advertising Acceptance: A Cross-Cultural Study on Mobile Advertising

Abstract

Adverting standardization has been widely discussed since 1990s. Recently, this discussion has been extended to mobile advertising. When it comes to adopt a standardization or localization strategy, it is important that marketers understand how mobile advertising is perceived in different markets. This study examines the impacts of four perceived values of mobile advertising on young Australian and Chinese consumers’ acceptance of mobile advertising. The findings suggest that perceived functional value have the most positive effect on mobile advertising acceptance, followed by credibility and interactivity value. Further analyses reveal that culture moderates the relationships between perceived values and advertising acceptance.