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951.
Mikhail S. Kouliavtsev 《Review of Industrial Organization》2007,30(1):1-27
This paper suggests an innovative measure of structural relief obtained in a typical Section 7 settlement. The fraction of
competitive overlap subject to divestiture as a condition of the settlement is modeled as a function of merger-specific efficiencies,
the proportion of the deal held “hostage” to antitrust review, the merger’s anticompetitive potential, and other factors.
The model is applied to data on 86 recent Justice Department cases covering the period 1990–2003 and to the subsample of 1990s
cases. All data are collected from publicly available documents only. The government is found to secure larger divestitures
when the cost to the acquirer of delaying the settlement is high. The resulting estimates are used to predict several out-of-sample
observations.
I would like to thank the General Editor and two anonymous referees for many helpful suggestions on earlier drafts of this
paper. The remaining errors are mine. 相似文献
952.
W. Tom Whalen 《Review of Industrial Organization》2007,30(1):39-61
This paper estimates the effects of code-sharing, antitrust immunity, and Open Skies treaties on prices, output, and capacity
using an eleven-year panel of U.S.-Europe data. Code-sharing and immunized alliances are found to have significantly lower
prices than does traditional interline (multi-carrier) service, but the effects are smaller in magnitude than those found
in previous results that rely on cross-sectional data. Statistical tests that prices for immunized alliance service are equal
to online (single carrier) service often cannot be rejected, providing additional evidence that immunity grants allow immunized
carriers to internalize a double marginalization problem. Estimated output effects, consistent with the price effects, show
that alliances are associated with large increases in passenger volumes. Lastly, estimates suggest that capacity expansions
associated with “Open Skies” treaties are due entirely to expansion by immunized carriers on routes between their hubs.
I would like to thank the editor and an anonymous referee for their helpful comments. The views expressed in this paper do
not reflect those of the US Department of Justice. All errors are my own 相似文献
953.
This paper discusses a number of significant developments in the enforcement activities of the Directorate General for Competition
at the European Commission, during 2006–2007. It covers a selection of investigations as well as policy initiatives that have
triggered a debate in terms of the underlying economics. 相似文献
954.
Supply chains and supply chain management are important areas of business practice and scholarship that overlap with the discipline
and practice of marketing and marketing management. The co-editors of the Journal’s Special Issue “Exploring the Relationship
Between Marketing and Supply Chain Management” provide an introduction to the special issue, overview its contents and extend
their appreciation to the authors, reviewers, editor and staff whose contributions and efforts made it possible. 相似文献
955.
In light of climate change and other global threats, policy commentators sometimes urge that society should be more concerned about catastrophes. This paper reflects on what society’s attitude toward low-probability, high-impact events is, or should be. We first argue that catastrophe risk can be conceived of as a spread in the distribution of losses. Based on this conception, we review studies from decision sciences, psychology, and behavioral economics that explore people’s attitudes toward various social risks. Contray to popular belief, we find more evidence against than in favor of catastrophe aversion—the preference for a mean-preserving contraction of the loss distribution—and discuss a number of possible behavioral explanations. Next, we turn to social choice theory and examine how various social welfare functions handle catastrophe risk. We explain why catastrophe aversion may be in conflict with equity concerns and other-regarding preferences. Finally, we discuss current approaches to evaluate and regulate catastrophe risk. 相似文献
956.
957.
Dictator games: a meta study 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Christoph Engel 《Experimental Economics》2011,14(4):583-610
Over the last 25 years, more than a hundred dictator game experiments have been published. This meta study summarises the
evidence. Exploiting the fact that most experiments had to fix parameters they did not intend to test, in multiple regression
the meta study is able to assess the effect of single manipulations, controlling for a host of alternative explanatory factors.
The resulting rich dataset also provides a testbed for comparing alternative specifications of the statistical model for analysing
dictator game data. It shows how Tobit models (assuming that dictators would even want to take money) and hurdle models (assuming
that the decision to give a positive amount is separate from the choice of amount, conditional on giving) provide additional
insights. 相似文献
958.
959.
Economic openness, both in terms of increased international trade exposure and enhanced inter-firm networking, has been a
key element of China’s economic emergence since the implementation of market reforms and the “opening-up policy” over 30 years
ago. Unfortunately, these changes have also coincided with the increased incidence of bribery and corruption. Both in general,
and in the specific context of China, research on the relationship between a firm’s tendency toward openness and its propensity
to engage in bribery is scarce. This study seeks to fill this gap based on empirical evidence provided by a large sample of
Chinese firms. The findings of the study reveal that firms’ increased networking and openness tend to occur contemporaneously
with greater bribery and corruption. We suggest that this may be due to the misuse of guanxi-based networks that coincide
with the presence of firms’ open network strategies, heightened by the potential loss of resource and capability heterogeneity
(and hence reduced competitive advantages) in the context of openness. We further find that firms paying bribes do so as an
attempt to overcome unnecessary bureaucratic processes and ineffective institutional support that might tend to hinder their
development. 相似文献
960.
Viktor J. Vanberg 《Constitutional Political Economy》2011,22(1):1-20
The tension that is often seen to exist between the ideals of liberalism and of democracy is examined in this paper in light
of the distinction between two liberal outlooks at constitutional regimes, namely, on the one side, a liberal constitutionalism that focuses on the need to provide institutional safeguards of individual liberty as private autonomy and, on the other
hand, a constitutional liberalism that focuses on the need to respect the freedom of individuals to choose the constitutional environment in which they wish
to live. It is argued that a liberalism that consistently extends its fundamental ideal of individual sovereignty to the level
of constitutional choice can be reconciled with the basic democratic ideal of citizen sovereignty. 相似文献