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971.
972.
This article analyzes the employment and incomes of migrants in the city of San Salvador. The study finds that, both rural-urban and urban-urban migrants experience income gains and are increasingly employed in the formal sector. However, the upward mobility of urban-urban migrants is much larger. Compared with urban natives, these migrants have higher income levels and employment rates after five years of urban residence, while rural-urban migrants earn much less and tend to remain in the informal sector more frequently. This evidence is contrary to findings obtained in other studies, for example Brazil, which showed that urban natives and migrants have comparable levels of income and employment. The authors suggest that the experience of rural-urban migrants is a result of the functioning of the urban labour market. Within this market a mechanism exists whereby access to the high-wage sector is limited by discriminating among workers. As a result, rural-urban migrants, often recognizable by their racial characteristics, are denied access to high-wage jobs. 相似文献
973.
Peter J. Buckley 《International Journal of the Economics of Business》1994,1(1):95-104
This article examines the theoretical bases of both international management and the internalisation approach to international business. Similarities include: attention to the ‘make or buy’ decision, interaction between locational and organisational variables and attention to internal control mechanisms. International management pays particular attention to the specific constraints on the firm's strategy arising from its history, dominant culture and leadership and to the process of management. The two approaches are used to analyse a single problem: the management of research and development, and it is found that important differences in emphasis remain. The approaches contrast but do not conflict. 相似文献
974.
975.
Peter B.Dixon 《The Australian economic review》1984,17(1):3-4
In March this year, Peter Dixon became the second Director of the Institute, succeeding Professor Ronald Henderson, In this article, he comments on media reaction to his appointment and gives some views on the future direction of the Institute. 相似文献
976.
977.
978.
In this paper we present and estimate a single equation model designed to explain the job-location behaviour of individuals living in a multi-centered metropolitan area. We test the model separately for heads of households and non-heads of households, as well as for the total working population, in order to isolate differences in commuting behaviour between primary and secondary wage earners. The relationships are estimated from 1971 Census, cross-section data using least squares multiple regression.The results of the location equation indicate that wage gradient variables are important determinants of job location for heads of households. On the other hand, non-heads are rather insensitive to the wage gradient. Rather, contrary to the decisions of heads, the job-location choices of non-heads are strongly influenced by socio-economic attributes, notably occupation, family size and age. Clearly, job-location decisions of primary wage earners (usually the household heads) are influenced by earnings-maximizing considerations while secondary earners (non-heads in general) put more weight on other socio-economic factors. The results also suggest that there is a hidden cost associated with uneven directional growth in the Toronto CMA. It is suggestive that urban planning strategies should reflect consideration of the greater desire or need for accessibility on the part of secondary wage earners (non-heads) and the need to balance residential and job opportunities at the extending margin of the urban area. 相似文献
979.
980.
Peter T. Ittig 《Socio》1977,11(1):31-36
This paper presents a mathematical programming model that will make admit/reject decisions for applicants to a university freshman class.The model is intended to aid (rather than replace) reviewers and will help produce better and more consistent decisions. It also provides a university administration with some control over “balance” in the composition of the student body and allows investigation of the consequences of alternative admission policies.The nature of the problem suggests an integer programming formulation, however it is shown that a linear programming formulation will provide an efficient and practical solution for all but a very small set of applicants (no more than 19). 相似文献