全文获取类型
收费全文 | 25388篇 |
免费 | 576篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 4871篇 |
工业经济 | 1772篇 |
计划管理 | 3844篇 |
经济学 | 5622篇 |
综合类 | 388篇 |
运输经济 | 190篇 |
旅游经济 | 469篇 |
贸易经济 | 3866篇 |
农业经济 | 1342篇 |
经济概况 | 3542篇 |
信息产业经济 | 1篇 |
邮电经济 | 58篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 146篇 |
2020年 | 272篇 |
2019年 | 430篇 |
2018年 | 518篇 |
2017年 | 548篇 |
2016年 | 560篇 |
2015年 | 322篇 |
2014年 | 567篇 |
2013年 | 2627篇 |
2012年 | 767篇 |
2011年 | 845篇 |
2010年 | 707篇 |
2009年 | 807篇 |
2008年 | 775篇 |
2007年 | 675篇 |
2006年 | 614篇 |
2005年 | 523篇 |
2004年 | 542篇 |
2003年 | 493篇 |
2002年 | 553篇 |
2001年 | 475篇 |
2000年 | 479篇 |
1999年 | 474篇 |
1998年 | 439篇 |
1997年 | 445篇 |
1996年 | 435篇 |
1995年 | 375篇 |
1994年 | 385篇 |
1993年 | 414篇 |
1992年 | 423篇 |
1991年 | 413篇 |
1990年 | 340篇 |
1989年 | 314篇 |
1988年 | 303篇 |
1987年 | 320篇 |
1986年 | 317篇 |
1985年 | 485篇 |
1984年 | 450篇 |
1983年 | 414篇 |
1982年 | 393篇 |
1981年 | 356篇 |
1980年 | 399篇 |
1979年 | 334篇 |
1978年 | 283篇 |
1977年 | 268篇 |
1976年 | 207篇 |
1975年 | 247篇 |
1974年 | 199篇 |
1973年 | 190篇 |
1972年 | 133篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 703 毫秒
951.
Luiz C.M. Miranda C.A.S. LimaAuthor vitae 《Technological Forecasting and Social Change》2011,78(8):1445-1470
Logistic and power law methodologies for both retrospective and prospective analyses of extended time series describing evolutionary growth processes, in environments with finite resources, are confronted. While power laws may eventually apply only to the early stages of said growth process, the Allee logistic model seems applicable over the entire span of a long range process. On applying the Allee logistic model to both the world population and the world gross domestic product time series, from 1 to 2008 AD, a projection was obtained that along the next few decades the world should experience a new economic boom phase with the world GDP peaking around the year 2020 and proceeding from then on towards a saturation value of about 142 trillion international dollars, while the world population should reach 8.9 billion people by 2050. These results were then used to forecast the behavior of the supply and consumption of energy and food, two of the main commodities that drive the world system. Our findings suggest that unless the currently prevailing focus on economic growth is changed into that of sustainable prosperity, human society may run into a period of serious economical and social struggles with unpredictable political consequences. 相似文献
952.
The Impact of Land-Use Change on Ecosystem Services,Biodiversity and Returns to Landowners: A Case Study in the State of Minnesota 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
Stephen Polasky Erik Nelson Derric Pennington Kris A. Johnson 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2011,48(2):219-242
Land-use change has a significant impact on the world’s ecosystems. Changes in the extent and composition of forests, grasslands,
wetlands and other ecosystems have large impacts on the provision of ecosystem services, biodiversity conservation and returns
to landowners. While the change in private returns to landowners due to land-use change can often be measured, changes in
the supply and value of ecosystem services and the provision of biodiversity conservation have been harder to quantify. In
this paper we use a spatially explicit integrated modeling tool (InVEST) to quantify the changes in ecosystem services, habitat
for biodiversity, and returns to landowners from land-use change in Minnesota from 1992 to 2001. We evaluate the impact of
actual land-use change and a suite of alternative land-use change scenarios. We find a lack of concordance in the ranking
of baseline and alternative land-use scenarios in terms of generation of private returns to landowners and net social benefits
(private returns plus ecosystem service value). Returns to landowners are highest in a scenario with large-scale agricultural
expansion. This scenario, however, generated the lowest net social benefits across all scenarios considered because of large
losses in stored carbon and negative impacts on water quality. Further, this scenario resulted in the largest decline in habitat
quality for general terrestrial biodiversity and forest songbirds. Our results illustrate the importance of taking ecosystem
services into account in land-use and land-management decision-making and linking such decisions to incentives that accurately
reflect social returns. 相似文献
953.
E-commerce is a strategy for rapid growth, especially by small and medium sized businesses (SMEs). However, the adoption rate of e-commerce by SMEs in Latin America is still undersized. The authors compare the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the theory of reasoned action (TRA) using structural equation modeling to determine which is better at predicting e-commerce adoption intentions among 210 SME managers/owners in Chile. Contrary to previous research with American respondents, the study does not find significant differences between the two theories. Thus, academics should select the more parsimonious model (TRA) to study e-commerce adoption issues in developing countries. 相似文献
954.
Wenbin Wang Aris A. Syntetos 《Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review》2011,47(6):1194-1209
Demand for spare parts is typically intermittent and forecasting the relevant requirements constitutes a very challenging exercise. Why is the demand for spare parts intermittent and how can we use models developed in maintenance research to forecast such demand? We attempt to answer these questions; we present a novel idea to forecast demand that relies upon the very sources of the demand generation process and we compare it with a well-known time-series method. We conclude that maintenance driven models are associated with a better performance under certain conditions. We also outline an inter-disciplinary agenda for further research in this area. 相似文献
955.
The Encyclical-Letter Caritas in Veritate by Pope Benedict XVI suggests to advance towards a new conceptualization of the tenuous relationship between economics and
ethics, proposing a “new humanistic synthesis.” Where social encyclicals have traditionally justified policy proposals by natural law and theological reasoning alone,
Caritas in Veritate gives great relevance to economic arguments. The encyclical defines the framework for a new business ethics which appreciates
allocative and distributive efficiency, and thus both markets and institutions as improving the human condition, but locates
their source and reason outside the economic sphere. It places a clear accent on the ontological connectedness of the economic
and ethical dimensions of human action. It is the proper ordering of means towards the end of integral human development that
allows mankind to leave a vicious circle of consumerism and enter a virtuous circle that applies the creativity fostered by
markets. This vision implies a new model of business management that integrates considerations of vocation, purpose, and values
at a theological level. 相似文献
956.
The Global Economic Ethic Manifesto (“Manifesto”) is a moral framework/code of conduct which is both interactive and interdependent
with the economic function of the main institutions of the economic system: markets, governments, civil society, and supranational
organizations, which lays out a common fundamental vision of what is legitimate, just, and fair in economic activities. The
Manifesto includes five universally accepted principles and values: the principle of humanity; the basic values of non-violence
and respect for life; the basic values of justice and humanity; the basic values of honesty and tolerance; and the basic values
of mutual esteem and partnership. We posit that the Manifesto provides an ethical foundation for explicitly assisting multinational
enterprise's (“MNE”) executive management and boards of directors to meet the moral failures criticisms associated with the
expansion of global capitalism, and similarly how the U.N. Global Compact (“Compact”) is focused on addressing complimentary
market and institutional failures. In this article, we argue how the Compact and the Manifesto complement each other, explaining
how the policies and guidelines of the Compact can now be implemented at the organizational/individual level through a comprehensive
human resource management (HRM) plan supporting the ethical framework of the Manifesto. Finally, we have described how the
Manifesto completes a comprehensive managerial framework (consisting of both the Compact and the Manifesto) for what we term
an “MNE Moral Values-Based Corporate Governance Model.” Ultimately, further research is needed in understanding how much impact
external and internal influences make on creating a sustainable ethical culture in MNEs. 相似文献
957.
Irene M. Herremans Robert G. Isaac Theresa J. B. Kline Jamal A. Nazari 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,98(4):627-640
This research, couched in the resource-based view of the firm, investigates the potential for reducing an organization’s decision
uncertainty within its intellectual capital (IC) operating environment. Using structural equation modeling, we empirically
test if organizational design can reduce the perceived uncertainty related to an IC context, which we refer to as knowledge
uncertainty. We found evidence that decentralization and technology infrastructure support a results-based IC management control
system which in turn is associated with reduced internal decision uncertainty. Finally, our statistics support a good overall
fit for our model. Our findings suggest that if managers structure their organizational control systems appropriately for
developing IC capabilities, these systems can lead to reduced internal uncertainty regarding human, structural, and relational
capital. 相似文献
958.
This study investigates the effects of internal and external corporate governance and monitoring mechanisms on the choice
of corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagement and the value of firms engaging in CSR activities. The study finds the
CSR choice is positively associated with the internal and external corporate governance and monitoring mechanisms, including
board leadership, board independence, institutional ownership, analyst following, and anti- takeover provisions, after controlling
for various firm characteristics. After correcting for endogeneity and simultaneity issues, the results show that CSR engagement
positively influences firm value measured by industry-adjusted Tobin’s q. We find that the impact of analyst following for
firms that engage in CSR on firm value is strongly positive, while the board leadership, board independence, blockholders’
ownership, and institutional ownership play a relatively weaker role in enhancing firm value. Furthermore, we find that CSR
activities that address internal social enhancement within the firm, such as employees diversity, firm relationship with its
employees, and product quality, enhance the value of firm more than other CSR subcategories for broader external social enhancement
such as community relation and environmental concerns. 相似文献
959.
Sefa Hayibor Bradley R. Agle Greg J. Sears Jeffrey A. Sonnenfeld Andrew Ward 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,102(2):237-254
Although charismatic leadership theorists have long argued that leader–follower value congruence plays a central role in the
development of charismatic relationships, few studies have tested this proposition. Using data from two studies involving
a total of 329 CEOs and 1807 members of their top management teams, we tested the hypothesis that value congruence between
leaders and their followers is empirically linked to follower perceptions of the charisma of their leader. Consistent with
a relational perspective on charismatic leadership, strong support was found for the hypothesis that perceived value congruence between leaders (CEOs) and their followers (members of their top management teams) is positively related
to follower perceptions of the degree of charisma possessed by the leader. Conversely, only limited support was found for
the hypothesis that actual value congruence is linked to perceptions of charismatic leadership. Implications of these findings for research and practice
are discussed. 相似文献
960.
Are celebrity endorsements worthwhile investments in advertising? To answer this question, we analyze a unique sample of 101 announcements made between 1996 and 2008 by firms listed in the USA. Internet is the main medium of communication for these announcements. We employ event study methodology and document statistically insignificant abnormal returns around the announcement dates. This finding is consistent with the notion that the incremental benefits from celebrity endorsements closely match the incremental costs due to such contracts. Further, we investigate if the announcement date return depends on a number of characteristics that are often used in the endorsement literature. As a result, we find that endorsements of technology industry products coincide with significant positive abnormal returns around the announcement dates. Finally, we find weak support for the match-up hypothesis between celebrities and endorsed products. 相似文献