浅论加入WTO后深圳利用外资对策的调整

一、加入WTO后深圳投资环境的变化。改革开放之初，由于市场不完备，只能选择经济转轨较容易的地区对外开放，并指定一定的税收政策以补偿市场不完备对投资者带来的不便。深圳特区作为改革开放的排头兵，享有很多独有的和先发的优势。加入WTO后我国利用外资的形势发生了很大的变化，就投资环境而言，根据最惠国待遇原则和国民待遇原则，我们将对所有外商投资企业和内资企业实行一致的无差别的优惠、特权和豁免等政策。随着部分对外资限制措施的取消和国民待遇原则的落实，将使外商投资企业获得更加公平的竞争环境。2003年3月2日起，外资进入进出口领域的限制得以放宽。外商可以设立合资公司进行进出口业务的地区由原来仅有的上海浦东地区和深圳经济特区的两地6家试点扩展至全国。由此可见深圳不可能再享有特殊优惠政策。进入21世纪之后，新一轮创业浪潮前所未有，年轻的深圳正进入不同于以往的发展阶段，最大的不同之处是：随着我国加入世贸组织和全国改革的总体推进，深圳享有的政策优势将不复存在。全国的改革呈现千帆竞发、万马奔腾的景象，特别是长江三角洲和环渤海湾城市发展势头强劲，发展空间广阔，具有很大的后发优势，西部大开发的全面展开。这些都是深圳利用外资形势所发生的引人注目的变化。深圳已经被历史的浪潮推上了一个新的、较高的起点上，在这样的形势面前，深圳犹如逆水行舟，不进则退，稍有懈怠，就会落后。     

韩国政府为实现环保型企业经营的政策及方案

文章论述了环境问题对人类的重要性及创造环保型的企业环境需要解决的问题,在此基础上,提 出了为实现环保型企业经营韩国政府所应该采用的政策及具体的实施方案。     

University-Provided Retirement Planning Support and Retiree Financial Satisfaction During Retirement: Differences by Gender, Job Classification, and Planning Behavior

Sound financial planning and financial advice is necessary to achieve retirement income adequacy. The shift from defined benefit to defined contribution pension plans and the recent bankruptcy of Enron Corporation underscore the importance of managing retirement accumulation and liquidation risks. This study analyzes the effectiveness and adequacy of institutional-provided information and advice on employees' retirement planning decisions and their satisfaction with financial resources during retirement. Results suggest that retirement planning should begin earlier in an employee's career and that employer-provided retirement information and advice is a highly valued service. Gender, planning practices, job classification, and age are all significant predictors of satisfaction with financial resources during retirement. Targeting women and union employees with retirement information and advice that focuses on allocating contributions using a balanced portfolio approach should result in significant increases in satisfaction with financial resources during retirement. Regulatory objectives should focus on reducing retirement accumulation and liquidation risks, improving the delivery of professional financial advice to plan participants, and expanding qualified retirement plan choice for all labor force participants. To encourage employer participation in employee retirement planning, employers acting in "good faith" should be federally protected from liability for providing retirement planning information and advice to employees.     

The Impact of Cannabis Use on Health

Summary Chronic daily cannabis use has been shown to have long term harmful health effects, which in turn is expected to reduce labour market productivity. The evidence is less clear on the health impact of less frequent consumption, which is the more typical mode of use, and previous empirical studies fail to find robust evidence of an adverse impact of these modes of use on labour market productivity. This paper attempts to shed some light on this issue by directly estimating the impact of cannabis consumption in the past week and past year on health status using information on prime age individuals living in Australia. We find that cannabis use does reduce self-assessed health status, with the effect of weekly use being of a similar magnitude as smoking cigarettes daily. Moreover, we find evidence of a dose-response relationship in the health impact of cannabis use, with annual use having roughly half the impact of weekly use.Helpful comments on an earlier draft were received from Jan van Ours, Rosalie Pacula, two anonymous referees and participants at the 81st Annual Conference of the Western Economic Association International.     

Regulating B2B online reverse auctions through voluntary codes of conduct

In response to real and perceived abuse by market makers, buyers, and sellers, some industry trade groups representing suppliers have developed voluntary codes of conduct, white papers, and other forms of guidance for online reverse auction participants. The intent of these guidelines is to improve both the reverse auction process and relationships between buyers and sellers. This paper examines the rationale for creating guidelines and codes of conduct, and examines their efficacy in regulating reverse auctions to achieve improved outcomes for market makers, buyers, and sellers. Data from primary and related secondary sources indicate that industry-specific codes of conduct and guidelines have not had a favorable impact.     

浅谈落后山区人才现状及其对策

当今世界,人才资源已成为最重要的战略资源,人才不仅在国际竞争中越来越具有决定性意义,而且在国内竞争中也发挥着愈来愈重要的作用。从某种意义上讲,区域经济的竞争实际上就是人才的竞争。一个地区经济越发达,集聚的人才也就越多,而人才集聚得越多,也就越能促进当地发展。改革     

Operational Research and the environment

The discipline of Operational Research (OR) is primarily concerned with improving the effectiveness and efficiency of decision processes. These processes take place everywhere in society: industry, banking, agriculture, government, politics. Frequent use of mathematical optimization models is typical of OR. Since the early '80s these models are increasingly packaged in a user-friendly way, as Decision Support Systems. In the following we will illustrate how OR can be used to describe and solve a number of environmental problems.