Government Consumption and Industrial Productivity: Scale and Compositional Effects

Within a production function framework in which government spending produces public goods which enter firms production functions, empirical tests using time series data spanning eleven countries and thirty industries find both the scale and the composition of government consumption spending to affect the level and the rate of growth of total factor productivity at the industry level.Jel Classification: H50, D24     

The Case of the Missing Pollution Haven Hypothesis

One particularly vexing puzzle for economists and policymakers over the past several decades concerns the empirical significance of the theoretically predicted pollution haven hypothesis. While neoclassical theory and conventional wisdom both surmise that local economies will suffer deleterious effects from stricter environmental regulations, empirical studies have largely failed to validate such claims. This study utilizes the method of matching to show that the impact of stricter regulation is heterogeneous spatially, varying systematically based on location-specific attributes. Previous studies that assume a homogenous response may therefore inadvertently mask the overall impact of more stringent regulations by pooling unaffected and affected regions.JEL Classification: Q25, Q28, H00, L51, R1The authors wish to thank to Michael Crew, Anthony Heyes, an anonymous referee, Werner Antweiler, Randy Becker, Wayne Gray, Shelby Gerking, Michael Greenstone, Vern Henderson, and Arik Levinson. Participants at various university seminars and conferences also lent useful insights to this line of research.     

演化经济学与新自由主义截然不同的经济政策观

“北京共识”的精髓是试验、创新和因时因地而制宜的经济政策,它与演化经济学的经济政策观之间存在着惊人的联系,但与“华盛顿共识”的新自由主义经济政策观截然对立。本文以“北京共识”的政策经验为背景,通过与新自由主义的比较,较为系统地总结了演化经济学经济政策观的六大原理历史重要与最小限度打乱原理;创造力原理;不确定性与意外原理;复杂与质量型的经济政策主张;系统政策观;试验与政策学习原理。这些原理对转型经济和发展中国家的经济政策制定具有重要的理论指导意义。     

氟利昂兴衰史的启示

本文以氟利昂为例，对科学技术本身并不具有价值中立性进行了论述。科学技术本身的缺陷让人们认识到科学技术并不因为人们的善意利用而放弃对人类发展的危害。将科学技术的价值区分为功用价值与伦理价值，将有利于人类对科学技术的更好应用，实现入与自然盼和谐发展。     

社会主义新农村建设中的生态环境问题——以成都市为例

构建和谐社会,建设社会主义新农村是我国在新时期的重要战略决策。但在新农村建设过程中,农村的环境问题是一个不能忽视的问题。本文以成都市新农村建设中的环境问题为例,分析环境现状和问题产生的原因,并提出了相应解决对策。     

The Economics and Bioeconomics of Folk and Scientific Classification

Synopsis This paper is the product of a collaboration between a biologist (Ghiselin 1997) who works on the philosophy of classification and an economist (Landa 1981, 1994) who works on the ‘Economics of Identity’: how and why people classify people based on identity in the context of a theory of ethnic trading networks. In developing the ‘bioeconomics’ (the synthesis of economics with biology) of classification, we crossed a number of disciplinary boundaries—anthropology, economics, sociology, biology, and cognitive psychology including evolutionary psychology’s ‘fast and frugal’ heuristics. Using a bioeconomics approach, we argue that folk classifications—the classifications used by ordinary persons—have much in common with scientific classifications: underlying both is the need for economy of information processing in the brain, for the efficient organization of knowledge, and for efficiency of information acquisition and transmission of information to others. Both evolve as a result of trial and error, but in science there is relatively more foresight, understanding, and planning.     

河南省物流产业发展问题及对策研究

河南省虽然具备了发展物流产业的基础条件,但是作为一个经济技术相对落后的中部省份,与发达省份相比较还有较大的差距.我省应发挥政府的宏观指导作用,有效促进统一物流市场的形成,保障物流产业的健康发展;大力发展"第三方物流",培育大型物流企业;加大第三方物流信息化建设力度;大力发展物流教育和人才培训,为物流产业发展提供人才支持;适时制定相关产业发展规划及法规政策,营造制度环境.     

实习公司——市场营销专业学生实习实训模式的探索

实习公司是职业院校市场营销专业学生开展实习实训的一种较好的形式。它有利于根据培养目标人才的定位,因地制宜,实行"课堂+公司"的实习模式,使专业理论教学与经营实践相结合,"教育与生产劳动相结合",充分调动学生学习的积极性和主动性,树立职业教育的特色,实现培养实用型人才的目标。     

美国公共预算改革的途径:管理、政治和法律

公共预算是通过分配有限资源来实现人类各种不同目的的公共行政活动,目前是公共行政的核心所在。为解决如何分配资源的问题,美国公共预算领域产生并发展了多种预算研究途径,戴维.H.罗森布鲁姆将它们归纳为管理途径、政治途径与法律途径。本文试图从该视角入手,以此对美国公共预算改革进行历史的回顾,探析公共预算改革的发展趋势,从而阐明在实践中运用各种预算理论解决不同预算问题的可行性和必要性。     

英语定冠词的翻译

英语定冠词用法复杂,作用重要,内涵丰富,汉语中没有冠词这个词类,翻译时可结合具体语境和汉语表达习惯,释放其语义特征。在句中只起语法作用的定冠词可省略不译;有确定词汇意义的,译出其常见之义;蕴涵背景知识的,译出其言外之意。定冠词作为名词的标志,有时可改变所限定词语的词性,这就需要译出它的变化之义。