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971.
Ana Espínola-Arredondo Esther Gal-Or Félix Muñoz-García 《International Journal of Industrial Organization》2011,29(6):729-745
We examine an incumbent's trade-off between the improved efficiency that business expansion facilitates and the signaling role that business expansion plays in conveying information to potential entrants about the state of demand. We demonstrate that both separating and pooling equilibria survive the Intuitive Criterion. Essentially, in contrast to models with asymmetric information about unit cost, incumbents' benefits from investing in a signal are not necessarily monotonic in the state of demand. We investigate how the extent of informativeness of the outcome depends on the enhanced efficiency that the incumbent's expansion facilitates and the priors of the entrant. 相似文献
972.
Haibin?Yang Sunny?Li?Sun Zhiang??Lin Mike?W.?Peng 《Asia Pacific Journal of Management》2011,28(2):239-255
Few scholars would dispute the argument that mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are different in China and the United States,
but we know little about how they differ. This article reports one of the first studies that systematically compares and contrasts
how M&As differ in these two countries. While prior research on M&As tends to emphasize economic and financial explanations
while treating firms as atomistic actors severed from their institutional and network relations, we develop a new theoretical
framework based on relational, behavioral, and institutional perspectives. We not only consider firms as learning actors embedded
in network relations, but also compare and contrast their M&A patterns between China and the United States, two distinctive
institutional contexts. We find that both a firm’s structural hole position and its learning orientation (exploration/exploitation)
in alliances have direct and joint impacts on subsequent M&As. Further, such impacts differ across the two countries, due
to their institutional disparities. 相似文献
973.
Despite the efforts devoted to the analysis of the digital divide over the last years, the regional evidence on this issue is still scarce. Within this context, the goals of this paper are twofold: (1) measuring the digital divide across the regions of the 27 Member States and within each country and (2) explaining the observed regional disparities. The analysis leads to identify Dutch regions as the Top-10 in ICT, while Greece and Bulgaria occupy the Bottom-10. Therefore, results show that the regional digital divide reflects to some extent the income gap. However, regional policy seems to be having some positive implications for technology adoption. In particular, the rural-versus-urban dimension of the digital gap appears to be less important than it is usually claimed to. Likewise, some evidence is found of the role of cultural and institutional factors in ICT adoption, an issue that has not been previously analyzed at the regional level. 相似文献
974.
Wayne-Roy Gayle Robert C. Marshall Leslie M. Marx Jean-Fran?ois Richard 《Review of Industrial Organization》2011,39(1-2):39-56
Recent research has highlighted the quantitative contribution to merger analysis from extending unilateral effects models to understand the payoffs to future potential coordinated effects. Some of the emphasis of this research appears to have made its way into the 2010 Horizontal Merger Guidelines. In this paper, we demonstrate the quantification of coordinated effects in an oligopoly and procurement model, and we show that screens that are based on upward pricing pressure are not adequate in mergers where coordinated effects are a potential concern. 相似文献
975.
Technological literacy reconsidered: a model for enactment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
?ke?IngermanEmail author Brandon?Collier-Reed 《International Journal of Technology and Design Education》2011,21(2):137-148
This paper presents a model to describe technological literacy as enacted by indiviudals in the course of shaping their lives
and the world around them. The model has two interrelated facets—the potential for and enactment of technological literacy—where enactment and potential mutually constitute each other. This potential is made up of knowledge of a particular situation, personal engagement with a situation, and social engagement in the world.
Enactment requires a particular set of competencies in action, which together helps shape the situation: recognizing needs; articulating
problems; contributing towards the technological process; and analysing consequences. The implications of this model for technological
literacy in the context of the individual and society, and the role of technology education in developing technological literacy,
are discussed. 相似文献
976.
Ineke?FrederikEmail author Wim?Sonneveld Marc?J.?de?Vries 《International Journal of Technology and Design Education》2011,21(3):277-290
Artifacts are probably our most obvious everyday encounter with technology. Therefore, a good understanding of the nature
of technical artifacts is a relevant part of technological literacy. In this article we draw from the philosophy of technology
to develop a conceptualization of technical artifacts that can be used for educational purposes. Furthermore we report a small
exploratory empirical study to see to what extent teachers’ intuitive ideas about artifacts match with the way philosophers
write about the nature of artifacts. Finally, we suggest a teaching and learning strategy for improving (student) teachers’
concepts of technical artifacts through practical activities. 相似文献
977.
In spite of a large number of multi-criteria models applied to solve the problem of optimal portfolio selection and a large number of market criteria and accounting criteria proposed for these models, the problem of portfolio containing securities from different industries has not yet been adequately solved. Namely, neither can stocks of companies from different industries be compared using the same criteria nor can the weight of a particular criteria be equal for them all. Therefore this paper develops a new two-step model that will overcome the shortcomings of the previously used models. The model is divided into two different but related pillars: the choice of different industries to form the overall portfolio and the choice of portfolio for each industry. The multi-criteria model used in this paper is a modified multi-criteria programming model based on the PROMETHEE II approach. The selected model has been applied at the Zagreb Stock Exchange (ZSE) as a real case. 相似文献
978.
In this paper, we determine the density functions of nonsymmetrised doubly noncentral matrix variate beta type I and II distributions.
The nonsymmetrised density functions of doubly noncentral and noncentral bimatrix variate generalised beta type I and II distributions
are also obtained. 相似文献
979.
The small and medium enterprises had played an important role during the economy development at Taiwan. Under the competitive
environment, the managers or the decision-makers will frequently meet a scenario with the complicate decision-making problems,
e.g. the importance tradeoffs between the multiple criteria or the multiple attributes. That is, the consensus and differences
among evaluation-makers will be frequently met for most practitioners in multiple criterions decision-making (MCDM) consideration.
How to incorporate those characteristics into analysis to enhance the evaluation quality of performance will be a meaningful
issue to be addressed. In this study, a case about performance evaluation of the multiple projects owing to a small and medium
enterprise at Taiwan will be applied to demonstrating the rationality and feasibility of proposed approach based on the fuzzy
aggregation weight effect incorporating the consensus and differences among evaluation-makers. 相似文献
980.
Multivariate panel data provides a unique opportunity in studying the joint evolution of multiple response variables over
time. In this paper, we propose an error component seemingly unrelated nonparametric regression model to fit the multivariate
panel data, which is more flexible than the traditional error component seemingly unrelated parametric regression. By applying
the undersmoothing technique and taking both of the correlations within and among responses into account, we propose an efficient
two-stage local polynomial estimation for the unknown functions. It is shown that the resulting estimators are asymptotically
normal, and have the same biases as the standard local polynomial estimators, which are only based on the individual response,
and smaller asymptotic variances. The performance of the proposed procedure is evaluated through a simulation study and a
real data set. 相似文献