累进计分和增量增酬在卫生院绩效管理中的应用探讨

随着卫生体制改革,政府对基层卫生机构的投入要要求也在不断加大,卫生院采用绩效管理制度,提高卫生院医护工作者的工作效率,从而提高卫生院的整体水平。但在实际应用中,绩效管理工作开展出现了较多问题,导致工作开展不顺利,因此,有效的绩效管理制度制定特成为了目前基层卫生院重点关注和思考的问题,本次研究将累进计分和增量增酬应用到卫生院绩效管理中,并取得了较高的应用效果。     

产业转型升级示范区高质量发展的大数据分析

2017、2019年,国家发展改革委、科技部、工业和信息化部、自然资源部、国家开发银行在全国分两批遴选创设了20个产业转型升级示范区。以第一批12个示范区为对象,通过社会媒体报道和地方政府工作报告大数据分析,研究其在探索传统产业改造、新兴产业发展、绿色发展、园区建设、产业集聚、以及优化营商环境、融入国家战略、加强区域协作等方面的建设成效和典型经验,可以发现,推动国家产业转型升级示范区高质量发展,应因地制宜谋划示范区发展定位,依据功能定位实施差异化产业战略,进一步完善示范区评估考核指标体系,充分发挥中央预算内投资激励导向作用。     

Does individualistic culture impact operational risk?

Employing a sample of 2,957 operational‐risk events across 31 countries from 1990 to 2011, we find that financial institutions located in countries with higher individualism tend to have higher operational risk. This positive relation is achieved through the risk‐taking channel and the earnings‐management channel. In addition, the magnitude of operational losses is higher in more individualistic countries. The results suggest that individualism serves as an important informal institutional determinant of operational risk in an international context. Endogeneity tests and various robustness checks confirm our findings.     

Modelling with flexibility through the business cycle: using a panel smooth transition model to test for the lipstick effect

ABSTRACT

Consumer spending typically declines during periods of economic distress, but observers have noted that lipstick purchases appear to increase during recessions, which is often referred to as the lipstick effect. However, the existence of such effect has remained empirically unconfirmed. Using weekly retail scanner data on lipstick sales from 2006 to 2016 in the United States, we applied a Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) demand model to test the relationship between economic distress and lipstick sales. This flexible demand specification allows regression coefficients to vary as a function of an exogenous macroeconomic variables and fluctuate asymmetrically, non-linearly, and time-varyingly across an unlimited number of regimes. Empirical results show the income elasticity of demand for lipstick decreased rapidly from 0.31 to 0.05 during the 2007–2009 recession, then slowly rebounded to 0.31 by the second quarter of 2014, thus first empirically confirming the existence of the lipstick effect.     

高校实验教学队伍建设的研究与探索

本文就地方高校实验室队伍建设、人员要求进行了研究与探索,提出实验室队伍的改革与研究。     

高铁时代的小城市发展——基于人口空心化的研究

高铁快速发展带来整体经济的突飞猛进,也带来小城发展变化.文章通过选取2010至2018年881个小城市的面板数据,研究高铁建设对小城发展的影响.研究发现:高铁开通可能引致部分小城人口的外流,或许加剧了部分小城人口的空心化程度.作用机制甄别结果表明,高铁通过引致消费需求外流、滞后产业结构升级和助推房价攀升途径予以实现,其中滞后产业结构升级是更为重要的传导途径.异质性分析结果表明,对不同规模的小城市而言,高铁开通可能造成人口流失的程度具有明显差异性,城区人口规模在0-20万的小城市,人口流失程度要明显低于城区人口规模在20-50万的小城市.进一步研究发现,高铁建设并未形成开通高铁小城和未通高铁小城间的经济增长差距;同时,对于开通高铁小城间的内部经济增长差距,也未得到有效验证.总之,小城应充分考虑自身区位劣势、资源禀赋和产业布局等条件,在符合高质量发展的要求下发展高铁经济.     

Does corporate governance still affect firm performance after controlling the distress factor?

We explore the impact of corporate governance on firm performance. We first identify whether corporate governance can still be an influential factor or has been largely captured by the traditional Fama-French three-factor model. More importantly, our study adds a financial distress factor to the Fama-French three-factor model to form a four-factor pricing model (labelled as the ‘financial distress four-factor model’). We find that for the US Russell 1000 firms, the financial distress four-factor model is the better model of the two models considered. We further find that the financial distress four-factor model has a higher explanatory power in capturing the return variation. We find that the differences between the return of firms with good (weak) corporate governance and the expected return are insignificantly different from zero for most portfolios in all the two models. The financial distress four-factor model, however, has the fewer portfolios with return difference being significantly different from zero, implying that corporate governance has been better priced in the financial distress factor.     

Beyond trade creation: Preferential trade agreements and trade disputes

This study investigates the effects of preferential trade agreements (PTA) on bilateral trade disputes. We construct a unique and comprehensive dataset on inter-country trade disputes from 1995 to 2007. The dataset covers 110 countries and 1,162 bilateral country-pair trade disputes. Using this dataset in a gravity-type model of trade dispute analysis, we find that countries belonging to the same PTA tend to experience fewer trade conflicts among themselves than with non-member countries. By studying various types of PTA with different dispute settlement mechanisms, we further find that the dispute-reducing effect only comes from PTA with specific provisions on dispute settlement mechanisms. Moreover, the effect is stronger if those PTA explicitly stipulate that members can also resolve their disputes via the WTO Dispute Settlement Body. However, having PTA that do not address how members should resolve their disputes may lead to more dispute initiations than in cases without PTA.     

内蒙古财经学院国际贸易专业全面实施双语教学分析

内蒙古财经学院国际贸易专业推行双语教学是顺应我区高等教育与国际接轨和改革发展和培养国际化高级人才的需要。本文从国际贸易专业的性质出发,分析了该专业实施双语教学的必要性。同时,对该专业实施双语教学中存在的问题进行探讨并有针对性地提出了发展双语教学的策略。     

美国学前教师职前培训体系演进之路省思与启示

美国是世界上学前教育最发达的国家之一,非常重视学前教育师资的培训和质量的提高,高素质的幼教师资主要通过职前培训这个途径来实现。本研究对美国学前教师职前培训体系发展历程进行了梳理,分为学徒制时期、培训学校时期、师范学校时期、师范学院时期和综合大学的教育学院和文理学院的教育系时期。反思不同时期美国学前教师职前培训的经验与教训,结合我国国情,在培训目标、课程设置、质量保障机制、教育实践等几个方面对我国学前师资的职前培训体系进行展望。