社会资本视角下的农村公共产品分类与供给主体责任研究

公共产品分类研究是明确其供给责任的前提,分类研究不足是我国公共产品供给责任不清的重要原因.对公共产品分类研究不仅从理论上全面明确反映了公共产品的内容与特征,而且在一定程度上确定了公共产品供给的主体责任.     

汉诺坝玄武岩中麻粒岩捕虏体的发现

近十余年来,中外地质学家对我国河北西北部的汉诺坝玄武岩及其深源包体进行了广泛深入的研究,发现了种类繁多的上地幔岩石捕虏体,发表了不少专著和论文,但有关麻粒岩捕虏体的报导,迄今为止尚未见到。本文作者经过三年的努力,在汉诺坝玄武岩中发现了五类八种麻粒岩捕虏体,其中包括石榴辉石麻粒岩、斜长石榴辉石麻粒岩、斜长单辉麻粒岩、斜长二辉麻粒岩、石榴钾长石英麻粒岩、石榴斜长石英麻粒岩、辉石二长麻粒岩、辉石钾长麻粒岩。初步研究表明这些麻粒岩大部分是在下地壳环境下形成的,它们具有麻粒岩矿物组合和结构构造特征,但又不完全类同于古老高级变质地体中的麻粒岩。     

涉外税收支出与国民待遇原则

国民待遇原则与涉外税收支出是一对矛盾的统一体.国民待遇原则要求的是内外平等对待,一视同仁,涉外税收优惠却是一种不平等对待和非一视同仁.二者所以共存,在于它们的统一性,即统一于对外国资本或外资企业税收待遇的非歧视.这种对立统一关系体现了税收效率与公平原则对立统一的内在要求.对于一国税制来说,国民待遇原则与涉外税收优惠两者的倚轻倚重则取决于该国经济发展的水平和客观的经济环境.     

Altruism and the Economic Values of Environmental and Social Policies

Altruism is a type of non-use value which can have different definitions depending on the type of goods entering the utility function of the altruists and their expectations about the contributions of others. The purpose of this paper is to measure the trade-offs between different types of altruist values originating from social and environmental policies. Environmental policies are concerned with reducing health effects from a power plant while social policies involve both the attainment of public facilities for education and leisure and an increase in the income of the affected population. The empirical application utilizes a choice experiment technique which allows for valuation of multiple goods. Health effects are decomposed into the values of the risk of becoming ill, the duration of the episodes and the limitations imposed by illness. Altruist values are elicited from a population that is not affected by pollution. Results show that altruism is significant for policies directed to reducing health effects and improving the income level of the affected population, whereas there is egoism for a policy aimed at improving public facilities in the polluted suburb. The value of altruism is significantly influenced by the expectations of net benefits to be received by the affected population.     

征税成本领先性假设与中国税务组织结构优化——兼析中国国税、地税机构是否存在合并趋势

本文从征税成本领先性假设出发探讨了中国税务组织结构的优化问题 ,并分析了社会各界广泛关注的中国国税、地税机构是否存在合并趋势的问题。本文在对中国现行税务组织机构运行绩效考察的基础上 ,发现中国征税成本曲线呈抛物线状 ,表明中国征税成本正呈递减趋势。以此为出发点 ,本文详细论证了中国国税、地税机构不存在合并的趋势 ,相反 ,分设更为彻底却是今后的发展趋势 ,得出了与一般看法不同的结论 ,并对优化中国税务组织结构提出了政策建议     

A simple random assignment problem with a unique solution

Summary. All agents have the same ordinal ranking over all objects, receiving no object (opting out) may be preferable to some objects, agents differ on which objects are worse than opting out, and the latter information is private. The Probabilistic Serial assignment, improves upon (in the Pareto sense) the Random Priority assignment, that randomly orders the agents and offers them successively the most valuable remaining object. We characterize Probabilistic Serial by efficiency in an ordinal sense, and envy-freeness. We characterize it also by ordinal efficiency, strategyproofness and equal treatment of equals. Received: October 5, 1999; revised version: December 20, 2000     

Changing rewards in contests: Has the three-point rule brought more offense to soccer?

In the mid-nineties FIFA decided to increase from two to three the number of points assigned to the winning team of a soccer match played under traditional round-robin national leagues. Since a game of soccer can be regarded as a contest, FIFA's measure provides an interesting case-study for analysing how a change in the system of rewards (from a zero to a non-zero sum rule) may affect the contestants' equilibrium behaviour. In this paper we try to assess, both theoretically and empirically, whether FIFA's new point rule has changed soccer towards a more offensive game, in which teams adopt more risky strategies. In particular, we evaluate the “na?ve hypothesis” according to which the measure would induce every team to play always more offensively, and we explore the extent to which the change in teams' behaviour may be affected by quality differentials between teams. Our most important hypothesis is that when the asymmetry between opposing teams is large enough, an increase in the reward for victory induces the weaker team to play more defensively, rather than the opposite. By looking at a subset of matches held in the Portuguese first division league, which approximate the conditions of our model, we find support for this hypothesis. First version received: July 1999/Final version received: May 2001     

An Eclectic Approach to Estimating U.S. Potential GDP

Rennison (Comparing alternative output gap estimations: a Monte Carlo approach, 2003) has provided simulation-based evidence showing that the joint use of extended multivariate filters and structural vector autoregression models is optimal for estimating potential output. We use this approach to estimate the two components of potential GDP: the full-employment labour input and trend labour productivity. This decomposition is useful for identifying sources of fluctuations in potential output. It reveals, for example, that the vigorous growth rate of U.S. potential GDP recorded during the second half of the 1990s is attributable to a fall in the structural rate of unemployment and a marked upswing in trend productivity growth.     

Spanish Economic Review referees (2003-2004)

Spanish Economic Review referees (2003-2004)

Spanish Economic Review referees (2003-2004)     

社科联在理论创新中要有更大作为

今年是我国加入世贸组织的第一年，是党的十六大召开的喜庆之年，也是我省贯彻落实省第十次党代会精神的第一年。做好今年的工作，意义重大，责任重大，使命重大。作为意识形态领域的重要组成部分，哲学社会科学界肩负着重要的责任，承担着重要的任务。社科联要以江泽民同志“