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171.
Ana Belén Gracia Andía María Dolores Gadea Rivas José María Serrano Sanz 《Applied economics》2013,45(17):2021-2036
Two main factors underlie the rebirth of interest in the study of the influence of the real exchange rate on trade, the reduction of its volatility and the current trend towards price stability. The objective of this study is to analyse the effects of the process of nominal convergence, required of the European member states for the fulfilment of monetary integration, on foreign trade flows. The case of Spain, which is especially interesting in this context, is studied for the period 1986 to 2000. The results of estimating the aggregate functions of the export and import of goods shows how macroeconomic stability has altered the behaviour of trade with respect to the two basic determinants – income and prices – how it has caused a significant structural change in the real exchange rate and, finally, how it has laid the explanatory bases for transactions in the twenty-first century with the single currency – the euro. 相似文献
172.
The purpose of the paper is to pinpoint the date of the change of monetary policy regime which occurred in Spain during the year 1984, when it moved away from controlling monetary aggregates towards interest rate targeting. The most likely date for the change is estimated and, surprisingly, there is evidence that agents learned about the new intermediate target quite rapidly.A week after the change, the term structure of interest rates showed how market agents attributed much more informational content to interest rate changes than they had previously. Two types of transitions are tried: a one-step and a gradual logistic swithing function. 相似文献
173.
Joaquín Guzmán Cuevas Felipe Rafael Cáceres Carrasco 《International Advances in Economic Research》2007,13(4):488-494
In the field of territorial economic growth, it is possible to identify important characteristics in the entrepreneurial structure,
such as the structure of the size of firms, main activity sectors, or the degree of innovation. However, other lesser known
characteristics are important also, such as functional dependency, which considers the relationship between small and medium
enterprises (SMEs), and suppliers and clients belonging to any territorial field or productive dependency, which considers
the level of concentration in terms of buying and selling in connection with the main suppliers and clients, respectively.
In order to empirically contrast the importance of these entrepreneurial characteristics and try to relate them with territorial
economic growth, a sample of 400 enterprises in the province of Seville (Spain) is used.
相似文献
174.
R. Martínez-Espiñeira 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2007,37(2):335-360
The willingness to pay (WTP) for a coyote conservation program is estimated using a novel payment-vehicle, based on how many
‚problem’ coyotes respondents would be willing to sponsor for a year. This hypothetical scenario mimics an increasingly popular
type of actual market. Data from a phone survey conducted in Prince Edward Island are analyzed using count data models that
consider different processes explaining zero responses and the level of positive responses. This is particularly important
in the case of coyotes, often regarded as an economic bad. Estimates of WTP per coyote per year around $18–$22 and annual
WTP per contributor of about $46–$57 are obtained.
相似文献
175.
Roberto Rodríguez-Ibeas 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2007,36(2):237-254
In this paper, we have considered a duopolistic model of environmental product differentiation with two types of consumers
(green and brown) to analyze how environmental awareness affects the environment. “Green” consumers value the physical and
environmental attributes of the good they purchase while “brown” consumers only value the physical attributes. We find that
more environmental awareness may not be good news for the environment as the firm that produces the good without environmental
attributes may increase its sales. The result depends on the degree of product differentiation and the cost to achieve it.
Social welfare can also be inversely related to environmental awareness if the negative environmental effect dominates the
positive market effect.
相似文献
176.
177.
Hyperbolic measures of efficiency and productivity change with respect to a graph representation of production technology allow researchers to consider output and input dimensions simultaneously in measuring producer performance. Hyperbolic efficiency measures have been proposed, but empirical implementation has not followed, either in efficiency analysis or in productivity analysis. The objectives of this paper are to define hyperbolic performance measures on a graph representation of production technology, to motivate their use by stating some of their advantages over their radial counterparts, and to introduce a direct formulation to calculate them making use of Data Envelopment Analysis techniques. The ideas are illustrated by calculating hyperbolic efficiency and Malmquist productivity indexes for a US agricultural panel data set. 相似文献
178.
A theoretical model is presented, in which supply side differences between countries determine international trade flows. This model is empirically tested at a sectoral level for a group of EU countries, within a framework that focuses on changes through time and differences between countries. The results show that the validity of the theoretical model is limited at sectoral level. However, as expected, we find that the variable representing technological differences is significant and correctly signed for high-technology sectors. The evidence points to the existence of different production functions across countries and to the importance of supply side factors in determining the direction and the terms of trade. 相似文献
179.
The aim of this paper is to analyse the factors explaining the technical efficiency of Spanish industrial sectors during the period 1991–1994 using the Survey of Business Strategies (SBE) of the Ministry of Industry and Energy. It analyses whether efficiency can be explained by factors external to the firm such as the degree of competition in the markets in which it operates, characteristics of the firm (size, organization, advantages of location, participation of public capital, etc.), as well as the effects of dynamic disturbances that may affect the degree of utilization of the productive capacity. 相似文献
180.
Francisco J. Martín-Álvarez Victor J. Cano-Fernández José J. Cáceres-Hernández 《Empirical Economics》1999,24(3):403-414
In this paper we present a methodological proposal of the way integration and cointegration analysis can best be used to
test if the level of aggregation of an index is adequate. Using this proposal, we enquire the extent to which a Spanish aggregate
farm price index captures the behavior of its components.
First version received: October 1994/final version received: September 1998 相似文献