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101.
Dalibor Roháč 《Constitutional Political Economy》2008,19(2):111-128
This paper analyses the role of the unanimity rule—known as liberum veto—in medieval Poland. We argue that the primary effect of the liberum veto was that it secured religious freedom and established domestic peace in an otherwise deeply divided and fractionalised country.
What is more, this institution succeeded in doing so during an era which was characterised by violent religious conflicts
and rise of absolutist monarchies throughout the European continent. Even after 1652, when the liberum veto seemed to have practically paralysed the decision-making of Polish-Lithuanian parliament, there were still reasons—related
to religious issues—why its use could have been preferable to less inclusive voting rules. It can be argued, however, that
the use of unanimity was not warranted in questions related to defence, especially in situations of national emergency, although
it is questionable to which extent the sole presence of the liberum veto was susceptible to bring about the demise of the Polish-Lithuanian Republic.
相似文献
Dalibor RoháčEmail: |
102.
虽然“劳动者自主择业,市场调节就业,政府促进就业”的方针业已成为社会的共识,并已经上升为国家的法律规定;但是对于“促进就业”问题的法制研究明显不足,尤其是应当从宏观上和微观上采取什么样的政策措施和法制方略,目前还缺少一种关注。这里,结合重庆市的实际状况对重庆市促进就业的政策和法制建设提出一些想法和建议。 相似文献
103.
Posting,quoting, and replying: a comparison of methodological approaches to measure communication ties in web forums 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Active involvement in discussion-based communities is nowadays a firm part of people’s online activities. The measurement
of communication ties and networks between contributors to such domains is thus becoming a relevant research question in social
sciences. However, especially in web forums, very often almost no direct relational information exists that would indicate
the presence of communication ties among contributors. In contrast with the reply-to structure of Usenet newsgroup or mailing
list conversations that contain explicit relational information created by the contributors, some web forums only enable participants
to add new posts to threads or to quote preceding posts in threads. When discussions emerge, it is difficult to identify who
is replying to whom. Drawing on the social network studies dealing with the conversational patterns in Usenet and web forums,
this paper presents an alternative approach to identifying the ties between authors of posts. Several assumptions are discussed,
and different measures are developed and empirically evaluated. The findings provide a starting point for the development
of a standardized methodology for studying social networks in online communities where only limited direct information about
communication ties is available. 相似文献
104.
We consider the mixed AR(1) time series model $$X_t=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}\alpha X_{t-1}+ \xi_t \quad {\rm w.p.} \qquad \frac{\alpha^p}{\alpha^p-\beta ^p},\\ \beta X_{t-1} + \xi_{t} \quad {\rm w.p.} \quad -\frac{\beta^p}{\alpha^p-\beta ^p} \end{array}\right.$$ for ?1 < β p ≤ 0 ≤ α p < 1 and α p ? β p > 0 when X t has the two-parameter beta distribution B2(p, q) with parameters q > 1 and ${p \in \mathcal P(u,v)}$ , where $$\mathcal P(u,v) = \left\{u/v : u < v,\,u,v\,{\rm odd\,positive\,integers} \right\}.$$ Special attention is given to the case p = 1. Using Laplace transform and suitable approximation procedures, we prove that the distribution of innovation sequence for p = 1 can be approximated by the uniform discrete distribution and that for ${p \in \mathcal P(u,v)}$ can be approximated by a continuous distribution. We also consider estimation issues of the model. 相似文献
105.
ABSTRACTThis paper reviews the literature on tourism destination competitiveness from different aspects, focusing on comparative and competitive advantages. Also, the paper highlights the importance of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in tourism destinations and their increasing impact on the achievement of destination competitiveness. Thanks to the wider application of ICTs in tourism, tourists nowadays are well informed and have access to global market which creates a new dynamic environment by creating a smart demand. Since smartness emphasizes on ICT-based tools, including smartness integration for value co-creation, it can increase and enhance destination competitiveness. In this regard, special emphasis is placed on exploring the core components of smartness and smart tourism destination. 相似文献
106.
Dalibor Roháč 《Constitutional Political Economy》2009,20(2):160-176
In this paper, we seek to identify causes of the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. We note that great salience
was attached to issues of self-governance and autonomy of the numerous ethnic groups living within the Empire. From a public
choice perspective, the Empire was an over-centralised state and there were clear gains from federalising it. However, such
federalisation was not feasible because of the collective action problem arising in bargaining with the central government.
Furthermore, the move towards the war economy and the empowerment of the executive state provided the last drop leading to
the exit of ethnic minorities from the monarchy and to the ultimate demise of the Empire.
相似文献
Dalibor RoháčEmail: |
107.
We use new firm‐level data to examine the effects of firm divestitures and privatization on corporate performance in a rapidly emerging market economy. Unlike the existing literature, we control for accompanying ownership changes and the fact that divestitures and ownership are potentially endogenous variables. We find that divestitures increase the firm's profitability but do not alter its scale of operations, while the effect of privatization depends on the resulting ownership structure – sometimes improving performance and sometimes bringing about decline. The effects of privatization are thus more nuanced than suggested in earlier studies. Methodologically, our study provides evidence that it is important to control for changes in ownership when analyzing divestitures and to control for endogeneity, selection and data attrition when analyzing the effects of divestitures and privatization. 相似文献
108.
MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies - 相似文献
109.
110.
Intereconomics - Not only is Romania facing some crucial energy system problems, but the proposed solutions have often been improvised and incoherent. This also raises doubts about the... 相似文献