Mind the Gap: Crowdfunding and the Role of Seed Money

We analyze voluntary private contributions to public goods and the role seed money plays in signaling the public good's quality to potential subsequent contributors. We present a theoretical model and analyze two sets of naturally occurring data from crowdfunding platforms. After developing the theoretical background, we find statistically significant switch points that distinguish between seed contributions and subsequent contributions. A positive change in contribution behavior after the switch suggests an increase in the perceived value of the public good. We find that the signal comprises the number of contributors and the average contribution (as a proportion of the targeted goal). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

责任型领导的双刃剑效应:一个整合理论模型

作为一种新的领导概念,责任型领导愈发受到学界关注.然而,过去的研究主要关注了责任型领导对下属工作产出的积极影响,相对忽略了潜在负面效应及其形成机制.为此,本文将责任型领导的积极面与阴暗面进行整合,从均衡视角构建了一个责任型领导的双刃剑效应模型.该模型指出责任型领导一方面可以通过社会学习和社会交换来提升下属的道德行为和组织公民行为,另一方面还会通过工作压力和分散注意力导致下属的情绪枯竭、身心健康等问题,下属的关键个体特质如责任心、互惠信念、自我效能和权力距离导向在上述过程中发挥着调节作用.     

三级供应链多目标伙伴竞合博弈模型研究

文章首先用一个两个供应商、三个制造商、两个物流伙伴的实例,从微观上考虑成员各自的目标．分析了伙伴之间的竞合博弈关系,再从宏、微观角度有效地建立了供应链伙伴的多层决策问题模型,并对联合型、完全竞争型、Stackelberg竞争型不同的供应链行为进行对比分析。     

城市化与水资源相互关系研究述评

从城市化发展对水资源环境的影响,水资源对城市化发展的制约以及二者之间的量化关系等方面对二者之间关系的研究进展进行了总结和评述;并基于生态学理论,将城市化进程中城镇用水分为直接用水、间接用水和诱发用水三个方面,进行了简单阐述。     

大族激光的创新成长之路

大族激光作为我国中小企业板首批上市的新八股之一,创立十余年来,走出了一条以市场为导向,靠技术创新、制度创新、市场创新发展的创业成长道路,树立了国内同行业第一品牌。本案例描述了公司快速成长的历程和做法,对于民营科技企业的有一定借鉴意义。     

A response to the critiques of DEA by Dmitruk and Koshevoy, and Bol

We here critique the articles by Dmitruk & Koshevoy (1991, J Econ Theory 55:121–144) and by Bol (1986, J Econ Theory 38:380–385) by showing how to solve the examples they erected to show the non-existence of functions for evaluating performance efficiencies in DEA. We also show that functions satisfying these criteria—and other important criteria as well—were already available prior to the publications of D&K and by Bol and have since been greatly extended to increase the power and scope of DEA.

Influence factors for operational control and compensation in professional service firms

Professional service firms have distinct operational challenges due to the type of work that is transacted by the employees of these firms, and due to the nature of the employees themselves. In this paper, we develop and present factors that influence professional service operations in firms and compensation structures for professional service providers. We establish professional service influence factors, which we posit will impact agency relationships in professional service firms. That is, we hypothesize that professional service influence factors (PSIFs) will moderate the effect of task programmability and outcome measurability in predicting the use of behavior- or outcome-based compensation schemes (control strategy). Logistic regression is used on data provided by 192 professional service providers in order to examine the impact of the agency variables and moderating factors on control strategies. The results indicate that company- and profession-based factors have moderating effects on task programmability when predicting control strategy. We discuss the implications of our findings.     

Leadership quality and follower affect: A study of U.S. presidential candidates

Using the tripartite model of attitude structure as a conceptual basis, this article investigates voter attitudes toward presidential candidates, including cognitive and affective assessments of these leaders as well as behavioral intentions and voting behavior. Data collected from the seven most recent U.S. presidential elections were used to compare Democratic and Republican Party candidates who were successful in securing votes to those who were unsuccessful. Here, follower perceptions of leader intelligence, feelings of pride and hope, as well as feelings of fear and anger were found to be statistically different between the two groups. Additionally, regression analysis using follower assessments of candidates' leadership quality, as dependent upon certain perceptual traits of that leader, are presented. Candidates perceived to be higher in intelligence, considered to possess stronger degrees of inspirational quality, and judged more “likeable,” in terms of generating stronger degrees of positive follower affect and lower degrees of negative follower affect, are considered better quality leaders. Followers' perceptions of these traits are found to be key predictors of whether that follower will consider a leader to be of high quality.     

A tripartite evolutionary game research on information sharing of the subjects of agricultural product supply chain with a farmer cooperative as the core enterprise

In order to explore the interaction law of information sharing behavior of decision-making subjects in the agricultural product supply chain, this paper establishes a tripartite evolutionary game mathematical model, uses the replicator dynamics equation to analyze the dynamic evolution process of the three-dimensional dynamic system, and carries out numerical simulation analysis. The results show that there are seven key factors affecting the information sharing decisions of the decision-making subjects. This paper explores the specific role of these influencing factors and finds ways to improve supply chain performance. Finally, the study proposes four suggestions for supply chain information sharing management.     

干冰去污在核电站换料相关设施中应用方案的初步研究

干冰技术的去污效率高、基材损伤小、二次废物量少,在核设施的去污实践中越来越多的受到重视。由于核电站反应堆换料系统的去污比较常见,通过对反应堆换料水池、乏燃料贮存运输容器的去污需求分析,设计一套干冰去污装置,实现对核设施的有效去污,满足人员操作和设备运输的要求;其去污过程和最终二次废物产量也遵循了废物最小化的原则,且环保高效,是未来放射性去污的重要发展方向。