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931.
In this paper we present an endogenous growth model to analyze the growth maximizing allocation of public investment among
N different types of public capital. Using this general model of public capital formation, we analyze the stability of the
long-run equilibrium and we derive the growth-maximizing values of the shares of public investment allocated to the different
types of public capital, as well as the growth-maximizing tax rate (amount of total public investment as a share of GDP).
The empirical implication of the model is that both the effects of the shares of public investment and the tax rate on the
long-run growth rate are non-linear, following an inverse U-shaped pattern. Our analysis is completed by showing that the
growth-maximizing shares of public investment and the growth-maximizing tax rate also maximize welfare in the decentralized
economy. 相似文献
932.
Vadim Marmer 《Empirical Economics》2008,35(1):101-122
This paper presents tests for the null hypothesis of no regime switching in Hamilton’s (Econometrica 57:357–384, 1989) regime
switching model. The test procedures exploit similarities between regime switching models, autoregressions with measurement
errors, and finite mixture models. The proposed tests are computationally simple and, contrary to likelihood based tests,
have a standard distribution under the null. When the methodology is applied to US GDP growth rates, no strong evidence of
regime switching is found.
I thank Don Andrews, Peter Phillips, Yuichi Kitamura, Anat Bracha, Patrik Guggenberger, Orit Whiteman and three anonymous
referees for useful comments and suggestions. 相似文献
933.
The Economic Value of Water Quality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Stated preference values for water quality ratings based on the US Environmental Protection Agency National Water Quality
Inventory ratings provide an operational basis for benefit assessment. Iterative choice survey results for a very large, nationally
representative, Web-based panel imply an average valuation of $32 for each percent increase in lakes and rivers in the region
for which water quality is rated “Good.” Valuations are skewed, with the mean value more than double the median. Sources of
heterogeneity in benefit values include differences in responses to average water quality information and the base level of
water quality. Conjoint estimates are somewhat lower than the iterative choice values. The annual economic value of the decline
in inland US water quality from 1994 to 2000 is over $20 billion.
相似文献
934.
When modelling rating transitions as continuous-time Markov processes, in practice, time-homogeneity is a common assumption,
yet restrictive, in order to reduce the complexity of the model. This paper investigates whether rating transition probabilities
change after the origination of debt. Accordingly, we develop a likelihood-ratio test for the hypothesis of time-homogeneity.
The alternative is a step function of transition intensities. The test rejects time-homogeneity for rating transitions observed
over 7 years in a real corporate portfolio. Especially 1-year transition probabilities increase over the first year after
origination. This time effect suggests that banks should manage their credit portfolios with respect to the age of debt.
相似文献
935.
Corporate social responsibility: attributions,loyalty, and the mediating role of trust 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Pavlos A. Vlachos Argiris Tsamakos Adam P. Vrechopoulos Panagiotis K. Avramidis 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2009,37(2):170-180
This study investigates whether consumers’ perceptions of motives influence their evaluation of corporate social responsibility
(CSR) efforts. The study reveals the mediating role of consumer trust in CSR evaluation frameworks; managers should monitor
consumer trust, which seems to be an important subprocess regulating the effect of consumer attributions on patronage and
recommendation intentions. Further, managers may allay the negative effects of profit-motivated giving by doing well on service
quality perceptions. On the other hand, appropriately motivated giving continues to positively affect trust regardless of
the performance of the firm on service quality provision. 相似文献
936.
On the importance of matching strategic behavior and target market selection to business strategy in high-tech markets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Stanley F. Slater G. Tomas M. Hult Eric M. Olson 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2007,35(1):5-17
Business strategy is fundamentally concerned with the actions required to create superior customer value in the firm’s target
markets with the ultimate goal of achieving superior performance. Marketing theory suggests that two critical marketing activities
required to achieve this end are: (1) the adoption of appropriate strategic behaviors (i.e., customer-oriented, competitor-oriented,
technology-oriented) and (2) targeting of the appropriate market segments (i.e., innovators, early adopters, early majority,
late majority, laggards). This study builds on prior research which demonstrates that the strategic behavior—firm performance
relationship is contingent on the firm’s strategy by examining this relationship in high tech markets and by considering the
incremental contribution of appropriate target market selection. Responses from 160 senior marketing managers in high-tech
firms reveal strong support for our framework. Thus, this study provides useful guidance to executives and managers in high-tech
firms regarding the steps that they should take to increase their probability of success.
相似文献
Eric M. OlsonEmail: |
937.
938.
939.
Prof. Dr. Sabine Trepte Dipl.-Psych. Leonard Reinecke Dipl.-Medienwiss. K.-M. Behr 《Publizistik》2008,53(4):509-534
Besides classical journalistic products, media users increasingly tend to read texts on the internet published by other users, as in weblogs. How do users navigate among these offers, how do they evaluate the quality, and which standards in terms of media ethics do they apply when reading weblogs compared to newspaper articles? Two empirical studies address these questions. In a survey, 702 internet users rated their theoretical expectations in terms of journalistic quality and compliance with ethical standards, comparing weblogs and daily newspapers. In a consecutive 2 × 2 experimental design, 120 participants read a journalistic text with varying source information (weblog/daily newspaper) and varying degree of adherence to ethical standards (ethically questionable/neutral). Participants then rated the quality of the text and its ethical standards. Results indicate that daily newspapers more than blogs are expected to deliver journalistic quality. But when read, texts are evaluated according to their content rather than their source. Ethically questionable texts in newspapers are disapproved as much as ethically questionable blog postings. 相似文献
940.
Despite growing interest in emotions, organizational scholars have largely ignored the moral emotion of schadenfreude, which refers to pleasure felt in response to another’s misfortune. As a socially undesirable emotion, it might be assumed that individuals would be hesitant to share their schadenfreude. In two experimental studies involving emotional responses to unethical behaviors, we find evidence to the contrary. Study 1 revealed that subjects experiencing schadenfreude were willing to share their feelings, especially if the misfortune was perceived to be deserved (i.e., resulting from unethical behaviors). Study 2 extends this work by incorporating schadenfreude targets of different status (CEO versus employee). Consistent with the “tall poppy syndrome,” subjects were more willing to share schadenfreude concerning high status targets than low status targets when the perceived severity of the target’s misconduct was low. This status effect disappeared at higher levels of perceived deservingness, however. Reported willingness to share schadenfreude was strongest at these levels but did not differ significantly between high and low status targets. These findings build on the social functional account of emotions, suggesting that sharing schadenfreude may signal normative cues to others regarding workplace behaviors that are deemed to be unethical. 相似文献