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131.
This paper presents an agent-based simulation model with local network externality to analyze strategic interactions over
investment on new economic knowledge. R&D knowledge flows and spillovers are the results of non-cooperative games played between
neighboring agents in the model. The model demonstrates a situation where no agents have incentives to hide their economic
knowledge, a situation that is observed in open source software development projects. The likelihood of obtaining a stable
situation where new economic knowledge is openly shared is increased when heterogeneity of agents is introduced.
相似文献
132.
Hyun-Pyo Kim Yong-Bum Kim Garth Collier Jong-Wook Myung Bong-Youl Cho Young-Gon Kim 《中国科技投资》2007,(10):59-61
移动WiMAX与WiBro之间的关系WiBro源自韩国。早在2004年7月韩国信息通讯部(MIC)正式公布移动WiMAX(WiBro)的服务要求之前,韩国电信技术协会(TTA)内部就开展了一项本地 相似文献
133.
The aim of this article is to investigate differences between the British public and private sectors in terms of the decentralisation of employment relations. Drawing on data from the 1998 Workplace Employee Relations Survey, the article arrives at three main conclusions. First, the analysis reveals that while local‐level managers in both sectors have similar levels of responsibility for employment relations issues, those in the public sector are, on the whole, significantly less likely to be able to exercise authority. Second, the results indicate some marked variations in practice within the public sector, with managers in education having the greatest level of authority. Finally, the article explores the extent to which differences in local‐level authority between the public and private sectors can be explained by higher‐level collective bargaining, and the presence of higher‐level personnel specialists. These factors have only a partial influence, and do not fully explain why local‐level employee relations managers in some areas (notably health) are less able to exercise authority than their counterparts in the private sector. 相似文献
134.
A bstract . Historians interested in 20th century American reform often seek to analyze the ideologies of political leaders separately from the institutions that these same leaders created. Such emphases on ideas, as opposed to actions, has, for example, led "revisionist" American historians to argue that the presidencies of Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt were "conceptually continuous." Our examination of the major social welfare programs undertaken by the federal government in the 1920s disputes this claim. Examination of the operations of the federal bureaucracy instead of the rhetoric of politicians demonstrates the existence of decided policy differences between the Hoover and Roosevelt eras. "Efficiency" analogues dominant during the Hoover era were replaced with "direct service-provider" approaches which created a clear distinction between private and public welfare programs. Elements of "continuity" between the two eras have been overdrawn. Background is provided for increased understanding of some of the policy implications of America's contemporary welfare debate—particularly about "rehabilitation" strategies and/or rationales for action in the social welfare field. 相似文献
135.
Simple models of local government behavior predict equal effects of private income and unconditional federal grants on local
government expenditures. Numerous empirical analyses, however, find that the effect of grants is larger than the income effect.
We argue that this flypaper effect may be a result of weak political leaderships in multi–issue and multi–party decision–making
environments. In multi–issue institutions, a strong political leadership may reduce inefficiency due to interest group influence
and inter–party bargaining in the local council. Utilizing data for Norwegian local governments in the 1930s, we find that
political strength reduces the size of the flypaper effect. When the local council consists of only one political party, we
cannot reject absence of a flypaper effect, while the flypaper effect is large in fragmented local councils.
Received: June 2000 / accepted: February 2001 相似文献
136.
Action Research is Similar to Design Science 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pertti Järvinen 《Quality and Quantity》2007,41(1):37-54
In management information systems (MIS) action research is long considered as promising but low-level research approach. It
has an utmost relevance because action researchers are working with practitioners to solve the important practical problem.
Design science outlined some years ago is just winning a wider audience. Action research was traditionally classified into
qualitative research methods. But it seems to be the “wrong” home of action research. We shall show that after comparison
of the seven aspects: concrete results of the study, knowledge produced, activities, the intent and the nature of a study,
the division of labor in a study and generation, use and test of knowledge, the concordance between the characteristics of
action research on the one hand and of design science on the other hand is very good. Hence, action research and design science
should next be considered as similar research approaches, and this is a turning point in the history of both action research
and design science. 相似文献
137.
Expressions for marginal distribution functions of sequential order statistics and generalized order statistics are presented without any restrictions imposed on the model parameters. The results are related to the relevation transform, to the distribution of the product of Beta distributed random variables, and to Meijers G-functions. Some selected applications in the areas of moments, conditional distributions, recurrence relations, and reliability properties are shown.
Key words:Order statistics; Generalized order statistics; Sequential order statistics; Record values; Distribution theory; Meijers G-function; Recurrence relations; Reliability properties. 相似文献
138.
Heinz Weisshaupt 《Decisions in Economics and Finance》2003,26(2):81-96
We would like to insure against the risk that a geometric Brownian motion, correlated with the price process of a certain
traded asset, is in a set E at time T. In this paper it is shown that the best action one can take to insure against this risk is to buy a binary option on the
traded asset. We give explicit formulas in the case that E is an infinite interval. The setting of all our investigations is the Black-Scholes model.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 91B28, 60J65, 62P05, 91B30, 62F03
Journal of Economic Literature Classification: G31 相似文献
139.
Representing complete and incomplete subjective linear preferences on random numbers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We show that preferences on random numbers which satisfy certain natural properties can be represented, in the setting of
topological vector spaces, by a suitable family of continuous previsions which is, in a sense, unique. Moreover, for most
commonly used spaces of random numbers, we establish that one can derive these preferences, via an expectation operator, from
a suitable family of probabilities (whether or not finitely additive).
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 06A06, 62C05, 91B06
Journal of Economic Literature Classification: D11, D81 相似文献
140.
Kim C. Border 《Economic Theory》2007,31(1):167-181
This note uses the Theorem of the Alternative to prove new results on the implementability of general, asymmetric auctions,
and to provide simpler proofs of known results for symmetric auctions. The tradeoff is that type spaces are taken to be finite. 相似文献