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951.
Many defined contribution plan participants have available to them various measures of short-term risk. However, some of these participants don't understand that reducing short-term risk comes at the cost of increasing the risk of not reaching their retirement income goal. This article looks at the relationship between short- and long-term risk and their impact on retirement savings. 相似文献
952.
953.
S. K. Wong K. W. Chau C. Y. Yiu 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2007,35(3):281-293
How shocks in one market influence the returns and volatility of other markets has been an important question for portfolio
managers. In the finance literature, many studies found evidence of volatility spillovers across international markets, as
well as between spot and futures markets. Although real estate is often regarded as a good vehicle for diversification, the
dynamics of its volatility transmission have been largely ignored. This paper provides the first study to examine volatility
spillovers between the spot and forward (pre-sale) index returns of the Hong Kong real estate market through a bivariate GARCH
model. Transaction-based indices were used so that our volatility modelling was free from any smoothing problem. Our results
showed that real estate returns exhibited volatility clustering, and the volatility of the forward market was more sensitive
to shocks than the spot market. Moreover, volatility was mainly transmitted from the forward market to the spot market, but
not vice versa.
相似文献
S. K. WongEmail: |
954.
Through observations of AT&T data and the results of two of our own studies, we discovered interesting asymmetrical effects of the level of aggregation of the question on the response accuracy in surveys of behavioral frequency. We find that disaggregating a question to a lower, less comfortable level of aggregation creates greater uncertainty, leading to larger absolute errors in survey responses. However, if a question is asked at a higher less comfortable level, the majority of respondents escape by splitting questions down to the natural level, thereby avoiding greater uncertainty and thus responding more accurately. We argue that for greater accuracy in surveys, one should identify the natural level of aggregation at which a question should be posed. But when in doubt, it is better to ask a question at a higher level of aggregation because of possible escapability downward. 相似文献
955.
This paper uses a dynamic panel estimation method to investigate the determinants of regional specialization in China's industries, paying particular attention to local protectionism. Less geographic concentration is found in industries where the past tax-plus-profit margins and the shares of state ownership are high, reflecting stronger local government protection of these industries. The evidence also supports the scale-economies theory of regional specialization. Finally, the overall time trend of regional specialization of China's industries is found to have reversed an early drop in the mid-1980s, and registered a significant increase in the later years. 相似文献
956.
Kenneth K. Kwong Oliver H. M. Yau Jenny S. Y. Lee Leo Y. M. Sin Alan C. B. Tse 《Journal of Business Ethics》2003,47(3):223-235
This study examines the impact of attitude toward piracy on intention to buy pirated CDs using Chinese samples. Attitude toward piracy is measured by a multi-item scale that has been shown to have a consistent factor structure with four distinct components, namely, social cost of piracy, anti-big business attitude, social benefit of dissemination, and ethical belief. Our findings reveal that social benefit of dissemination and anti-big business attitude have a positive relationship with intention to buy pirated CDs while social cost of piracy and ethical belief have a negative relationship. Among these components, ethical belief tends to most strongly predict intention to buy pirated CDs. Demographic variables such as gender and age also help explain the respondents' intention to buy pirated CDs. In addition, those respondents with experience of buying pirated CDs would tend to be more likely to buy pirated CDs than those without such experience. The results are discussed with a view to helping copyright businesses to effectively suppress piracy, and directions for future research are suggested. 相似文献
957.
958.
The Dynamics of Guanxi and Ethics for Chinese Executives 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This study empirically examines how Chinese executives perceive the role of guanxi and ethics played in their business operations. By factor-analyzing 850 valid replies collected from a comprehensive survey, the present study identifies three distinct ethics-related attitudes and two distinct guanxi-related attitudes for Chinese executives. The cluster analysis of the composite scores of these five attitudinal factors further indicates the existence of three distinct groups of Chinese executives that vary in their ethics and guanxi orientations. The three groups are unethical profit seeker (UPS), anti-governance, guanxi-cultivator (AGGC), and apathetic executive (AE). The three groups are also found to be significantly different in such demographic characteristics as age and the ownership structure of the serving organization. Specifically, the inter-group comparison suggests that younger Chinese executives, and those working for privately-owned firms and joint ventures are more inclined to engage in unethical activities for profits. These findings provide useful insights for international investors to formulate their human resource and negotiation strategies in China. 相似文献
959.
This study uses an experimental design for the presentation of a case, demographic information, product test survey results, and test market results to marketing managers and to market researchers. We attempt to determine the interrelationships among changes in decision outcomes, sales estimates, and confidence. We also show that the two-community dichotomy between marketing managers and market researchers exists. 相似文献
960.
Does Investment Horizon Matter? Disentangling the Effect of Institutional Herding on Stock Prices
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H. Zafer Yüksel 《The Financial Review》2015,50(4):637-669
This study finds that, over short horizons, herding by short‐term institutions promotes price discovery. In contrast, herding by long‐term institutions drives stock prices away from fundamentals over the same periods. Furthermore, while the positive predictability of short‐term institutional herding for stock prices is more pronounced for small stocks and stocks with high growth opportunities, the negative association between long‐term institutional herding and stock prices is stronger for stocks whose valuations are highly uncertain and subjective. Finally, we show that the destabilizing effect of institutional herding persistence documented in the recent literature is entirely driven by persistent herding by long‐term institutions. 相似文献