MERGERS AND PRODUCT QUALITY: A SILVER LINING FROM DE‐HUBBING IN THE U.S. AIRLINE INDUSTRY

This paper investigates how de‐hubbing, which occurs when an airline ceases hub operations, impacts product quality. Examining four cases of de‐hubbing following U.S. airline mergers between 1998 and 2016, we analyze three product quality measures: on‐time performance, travel time, and flight cancellations. In order to isolate a merger's impact on product quality, we compare the results of four de‐hubbing events that followed a merger with three de‐hubbing cases that occurred independently of a merger. We find a silver lining from mergers because product quality improvements are isolated to de‐hubbing events which follow airline mergers rather than nonmerger‐induced de‐hubbing. (JEL L15, L93)     

Ownership Types and Strategic Groups in an Emerging Economy*

ABSTRACT Existing strategic group studies have rarely examined ownership type as a variable to classify firms in an industry. Using Chinese firms of different ownership types, we suggest that ownership type can be a parsimonious and important variable that managers use to cognitively classify firms into different strategic groups. While ownership itself is an objective variable, we contend that different ownership types lead to different managerial outlook and mentality due to a number of macro and micro foundations giving rise to various managerial cognitions. Employing the Miles and Snow typology, we find that state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) and privately‐owned enterprises (POEs) tend to adopt defender and prospector strategies, respectively, while collectively‐owned enterprises (COEs) and foreign‐invested enterprises (FIEs) exhibit an analyser orientation that falls between defenders and prospectors on the strategy continuum. Three statistical tests suggest that ownership types can be used to successfully predict strategic group memberships in China's emerging economy.     

基于卫星遥感技术的鄱阳湖水体面积快速监测

水体的面积监测是调查水资源的一个重要方面,也是洪水灾害监测的重要内容。基于卫星遥感影像,进行快速、准确的提取水体面积信息已经成为水资源调查、监测的重要手段。本文通过环境减灾A、B星得到的鄱阳湖湖区卫星影像,采用手工数字化进行分类,提取水体信息,并与1998年实测面积按水位进行比较分析,实现湖区水体面积的快速监测。     

乌鲁木齐市规模以下小型工业企业发展问题探讨

本文利用2008年第二次经济普查相关数据,对乌鲁木齐市规模以下小型工业企业分布的特点、生产经营状况和存在的问题进行了分析。乌鲁木齐市小型工业企业经过多年的发展,为新疆工业经济发展、解决就业做出了一定贡献,但由于受到资金、人才、技术和信息等方面的限制,其发展还存在很多问题。为此,本文提出了几点建议,以便为各级领导和经济主管部门制定企业发展等相关政策提供依据。     

企业社会资本对创新绩效的影响研究——基于中国电子通讯行业上市公司的证据

在回顾相关研究文献的基础上,主要借鉴陈劲等关于社会资本的定义,将社会资本分为纵向、横向和社会关系资本三个维度,以我国电子通讯类上市公司作为样本,利用其年度报告中的数据,采用因子分析、相关分析、多元回归分析和岭回归分析等分析方法,就企业社会资本对创新绩效的影响进行了实证分析。研究表明:企业的纵向社会资本、横向社会资本和社会关系资本越高,其取得的技术创新绩效就越高,但是企业与供应商之间的关系可能会对技术创新绩效产生不利影响。     

清代中叶山陕商人在甘肃的经营活动--以碑刻资料为中心的考察

本文利用商人会馆碑刻等资料,对清代中叶甘肃山陕商人的来源及其经营活动进行了较详细的考察。考察显示:甘肃的晋商多来自晋中和晋南,主要分布于平阳、汾州等府和解州直隶州;陕商则主要来自西安、同州二府。山陕商人在甘肃经营的商货主要有绸缎、布匹、茶叶、皮毛、杂货等,甘肃输入商品以绸缎、棉布、茶叶等为大宗,输出则为水烟、药材、皮毛制品等。乾隆年间汇聚兰州的山陕商号已有四五百家,武威更达六七百家,秦州和张掖则少得多。凉州府城武威是连通中原与甘肃西部乃至新疆的重要转运枢纽,其商业规模和腹地范围可能均超过省城兰州。     

废弃线路板资源化研究现状

废弃线路板是电子废弃物资源化研究的热点。介绍了废弃线路板资源化处理方法的进展状况。化学方法能得到最终较纯的产品,但成本高;物理方法成本低、再资源化效果好,但产品需进一步提纯。目前．物理方法在废弃线路板资源化研究中逐渐占主导地位。     

中国外贸依存度的测度及与经济大国的比较

通过结合非竞争型投入产出表,修正沈利生(2003)测算外贸依存度的"总活动法",用修正的"总活动法"测算总外贸依存度,可以从市场的角度定义出口依存度、国民经济进口依存度、生产进口依存度、消费进出口依存度和总投资进口依存度并给出计算公式。结果表明:对15个经济大国的外贸依存度按照由高到低排序,中国的总外贸依存度排序第10,出口依存度排序第7,进口依存度排序第10;中国的生产进口依存度高于总投资进口依存度,后者高于消费进口依存度,中国是消费进口依存度最低的国家。产品竞争力、跨国企业全球资源配置、第三产业发展、消费市场发展等多种因素的共同作用将决定中国外贸依存度的变化。各国GDP的高低与外贸依存度的高低没有必然联系。     

教育层次结构对产业结构优化升级的影响研究——基于空间杜宾模型

本文就如何更有效率地发挥不同教育层次的人力资本在我国产业结构优化升级过程中作用的问题进行了研究。首先在促进就业目标下,采用结构影响指数测算了 2005—2018 年期间我国各省份产业结构优化指数;其次采用空间杜宾模型分析了不同教育层次的人力资本对我国各地区产业结构优化指数的影响。实证分析结果表明：初等教育的就业人数比重变化对全国东、中、西部三大地区产业结构优化升级的直接影响均为负,并且呈现出由东向西不断递增的态势,仅西部地区的空间溢出效应显著;中等教育就业人数比重上升对我国中西部地区产业结构优化升级的直接影响和空间溢出效应均为正且显著,东部地区不显著;高等教育的就业人数比重上升对全国及东、中、西部三大地区的产业结构优化升级的直接影响和空间溢出效应为正且显著,其中东部地区的影响效应最显著。     

The Effects of Differential Income Replacement and Mortality on U.S. Social Security Redistribution

We study redistribution via the U.S. Social Security retirement system for cohorts of men born during the second half of the 20th century. Our focus is on redistribution across race and education groups. The cohorts we study are younger than cohorts studied in previous, similar research and thus more exposed to recent increases in earnings inequality. All else equal, this should increase the degree of progressivity of Social Security redistribution due to the structure of the benefit formula. However, we find that redistribution is only modestly progressive for individuals born as late as 1980. Differential mortality rates across race and education groups are the primary explanation. While Black–White mortality gaps have narrowed some in recent years, they remain large and dull progressivity. Mortality gaps by education level are also large and unlike the gaps by race, they are widening, which puts additional regressive pressure on Social Security redistribution.