一种新颖的VCO电路

本文介绍了一种采用以四象限模拟乘法器作基本元件,并使用AGC环的新颖VCO电路.     

Risk and return: Janaury vs. the rest of the year

This paper examines the seasonality in the basic relationship between expected return and risk during 1935–82. The results reveal that the positive relationship between return and risk is unique to January. The risk premiums during the remaining eleven months are not significantly different from zero.     

Consumer Attitudes and Acceptance of CLA-Enriched Dairy Products

Consumers have increasingly recognized the link between health and diet, and are taking special interest in functional foods that promise to enhance health and reduce the risk of diseases. Milk, an excellent source of essential nutrients, as well as an ideal carrier of healthy functional ingredients, holds promise for the development of functional foods. A variety of functional milk products have been launched into the market, such as yogurt, milk, butter and cheese fortified with vitamins, minerals, and omega‐3 fatty acids. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which may help reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, and obesity, is naturally found in milk. The dairy industry is working actively with scientists to develop CLA‐enriched dairy products to serve Canadian consumers. This study examines consumers' attitudes toward CLA‐enriched products, and identifies several key factors that may help determine consumers' acceptance of these products. The information obtained from this study is useful for the dairy industry to develop marketing strategies for CLA and other functional milk products. Les consommateurs reconnaissent de plus en plus le lien entre la santé et le régime alimentaire et manifestent un intérêt particulier pour les aliments fonctionnels qui promettent d'améliorer la santé et de diminuer le risque de maladies. Le lait, qui constitue une excellente source d'éléments nutritifs essentiels de même qu'un véhicule idéal d'ingrédients fonctionnels sains, semble prometteur pour la mise au point d'aliments fonctionnels. Une variété de produits laitiers fonctionnels, tels que le yogourt, le lait, le beurre et le fromage enrichis de vitamines, de minéraux et d'acides gras oméga‐3, ont été lancés sur le marché. L'acide linoléique conjugué (ALC), qui pourrait contribuer à réduire les risques de cancer, de maladie du c?ur et d'obésité, se trouve naturellement dans le lait. L'industrie laitière collabore activement avec les scientifiques pour mettre au point des produits laitiers enrichis d'ALC pour les consommateurs canadiens. La présente étude a examiné l'attitude des consommateurs envers les produits enrichis d'ALC et a identifié plusieurs facteurs clés qui pourraient aider à déterminer l'acceptation de ces produits de la part des consommateurs. L'information recueillie dans le cadre de la présente étude est utile pour l'industrie laitière qui l'utilisera pour élaborer des stratégies de marketing pour l'ALC et d'autres produits laitiers fonctionnels.     

Econometric analysis of present value models when the discount factor is near one

This paper develops asymptotic econometric theory to help understand data generated by a present value model with a discount factor near one. A leading application is to exchange rate models. A key assumption of the asymptotic theory is that the discount factor approaches one as the sample size grows. The finite sample approximation implied by the asymptotic theory is quantitatively congruent with the modest departures from random walk behavior that are typically found and with imprecise estimation of a well-studied regression relating spot and forward exchange rates.     

光环下的隐忧——海外留学生安全事件频发

到异国游学,是许多学生和家长觉得大为荣光的一件事,但是随着今年4月留学生安全事故的信息不断传来。“留学？流血!”的声音在留学生群体中不断回响。留学热潮下的安全是不能忽视的,留学生们也应该提高自己的防范意识。尽可能把危险指数降到最低,留学固然被所有人期望。但是安全确实是重中之重。     

The effectiveness of teams in organizations: a meta-analysis

The proposed meta-analysis of 61 independent samples aims to identify whether, and if so under what conditions, team working in organizations is related to organizational effectiveness. Team working had a significant though small positive relationship with both performance outcomes and staff attitudes. Our contingency analyses further showed that team working had a stronger relationship with performance outcomes if accompanied by complementary HR measures and in non-health-care settings. Finally, we found that team working is more strongly related to attitudinal outcomes in Sociotechnical Systems and health-care settings.     

The Impact of Knowledge Resources on New Venture Performance

A new venture's strategy—and thus its performance—is based upon the knowledge the firm has about its market, its opportunity in that market, and its appropriate conduct to take advantage of that opportunity. Resource-based theory underscores knowledge as a type of resource that confers competitive advantage and the potential for sustainability, two factors that are critical for start-ups. Three types of procedural knowledge are considered to be important at start-up: (1) about the industry in which the venture competes; (2) about the type of business approach the venture is pursuing; and (3) about creating, building, and harvesting new ventures. Knowledge useful to the new venture is developed either through relevant personal experiences or by accessing relevant knowledge possessed by others. Hypotheses are developed regarding the impact on the performance of new ventures as a result of these sources of knowledge, and these relationships are explored in a study of new technology-based firms.     

CFO持续削减成本的五种方式

在削减成本上取得的成功会随着时间的推移逐渐被侵蚀。如果企业希望以一种可持续的方式削减或控制成本,就必须掌握适当的方法去改进流程并提高能力。     

From Physics to Function: An Empirical Study of Research and Development Performance in the Semiconductor Industry

We present the results of an empirical study of research and development in the semiconductor industry. The study aimed to understand the drivers of innovation performance in an environment characterized by close links to science and a combination of technical novelty and manufacturing complexity. The data reveal substantial differences in research and development (R&D) performance, and R&D performance improvement, between firms. Analysis of our field observations suggests that these differences are associated with the use of experimentation and experience in guiding technology choices, matching options provided by scientific developments with the complex requirements of evolving production environments. We describe the technology choice process in some detail, and examine its nature in both U.S. and Japanese industrial settings.