中美木质林产品产业内贸易的实证研究——基于1992—2009年的进出口贸易数据

采用UNcomtrade数据库的中美木质林产品贸易数据,利用G-L指数、G-L修正指数、Aquino指数、Brülhart边际产业内贸易指数及Thom&McDowell水平型和垂直型产业内贸易指数,对1992—2009年中美木质林产品产业内贸易的水平和结构进行实证分析。结果表明:中美木质林产品产业内贸易水平总体较低,贸易方式仍以产业间贸易为主;中美木质林产品贸易的增长由产业间贸易和产业内贸易共同引发;产业内贸易方式以垂直型产业内贸易为主。     

林业电算化管理环境下财会工作水平提高途径浅析

传统的手工会计核算已远不能适应林业新型发展的需要.利用电子计算机进行会计核算和会计管理,实现会计电算化,是林业会计工作的发展趋势.     

现代企业财务成本管理新思路探究

在社会主义市场经济条件下,企业强化成本管理,是提高企业经济效益、增强企业活力的重课题.本文就企业传统财务成本管理存在的问题进行了分析,同时提出了具体的管理新思路,以推进现代企业财务成本管理创新发展.     

论人力资本对税收征收成本的影响——基于省际面板数据的实证研究

一般认为,税务干部的人力资本增加能够降低税收征收成本。但利用全国28个省(直辖市、自治区)1996—2006年的面板数据进行的实证分析表明,我国税务干部人力资本的增加既没有降低征收成本总额,也没有降低征收成本率。其根本原因在于,税务干部学历的提高并没有提升其工作效率,反而增加了工资及福利开支,导致征收成本的上升。因此,降低征收成本更应当从提高税务干部的效率着手,而不是简单地提高税务干部的学历水平。     

产业集群与区域品牌互动关系研究

产业集群是一种世界性的经济现象.产业集群理论随着产业集群的不断发展而相应地演变成系统的理论体系.鉴于产业集群与区域产业品牌之间的交叉性,产业集群就成为促进区域产业品牌建设的关键本文结合区域产业品牌与产业集群的互动关系,提出了建设区域产业品牌的相关政策建议.     

中国贸易收支对汇率波动的敏感性分析——基于不同贸易模式的比较研究

本文在理论分析基础之上,通过构建计量模型,利用1994~2009年的季度数据,从实证角度比较分析了不同贸易模式下中国贸易收支对汇率波动敏感性的差异性,结果表明,其敏感性在产品内贸易模式下较之传统产业间和产业内贸易模式下更低。由于中国持续性贸易顺差正是中国融入产品内国际分工体系所致,所以人民币升值并不是解决中国贸易顺差的合理之道。本文研究同时发现,人民币汇率波动对内资企业冲击较之外资企业更大。据此本文认为,尽可能维持人民币汇率稳定,通过攀升产品内分工高端价值链、优化贸易结构、鼓励企业"走出去"等,对于缓解中国贸易顺差更为可行。     

Key service innovation drivers in the tourism sector: empirical evidence and managerial implications

This study highlights the importance of market orientation and the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) as determinants of service innovation activity for companies in the tourism sector. In doing so, the study provides a means to classify companies as innovative or not. Using a sample of 100 Spanish firms from different branches of the tourism sector, we confirm and extend prior research. In particular, market orientation??especially a customer orientation??is critical for developing new services that lead to competitive advantages. In addition, ICT have a dual, direct, and indirect influence on service innovation.     

桩端注浆超长灌注桩的极限承载力研究

为提升后注浆超长钻孔灌注桩的承载性能,以静载试验数据为基础,对3根后注浆超长钻孔灌注桩的桩侧阻力、桩身轴力以及荷载-沉降等因素进行了系统分析.通过拟合Q-S曲线预测了单桩极限承载力,并利用有限元模型分析了桩端注浆桩单桩承载力的影响因素.研究表明,1)桩端注浆超长桩的Q-S曲线变形缓慢;2)桩身荷载主要由下部土层决定;3...     

Economic modeling for the US of the cost-efficiency and associated expanded treatment access of conversion to biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez from reference pegfilgrastim

Abstract

Aims: For this economic analysis, we aimed to model: (1) the cost-efficiency of prophylaxis with biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez for chemotherapy-induced (febrile) neutropenia (CIN/FN) compared to reference pegfilgrastim, and (2) the expanded access to CIN/FN prophylaxis and anti-neoplastic treatment that could be achieved with biosimilar cost-savings on a budget-neutral basis.

Methods: In a hypothetical panel of 20,000 cancer patients receiving CIN/FN prophylaxis and using the average sales price (ASP) for the second quarter of 2019 for reference pegfilgrastim, we: conducted an ex ante simulation from the payer perspective of the cost-savings of 10–100% conversion from reference to biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez using drug price discounting ranging from 10–35%; estimated the budget-neutral expanded access to biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez enabled by these cost-savings; and estimated the budget-neutral expanded access to anti-neoplastic treatment with pembrolizumab. The simulations were replicated using fourth quarter 2019 wholesale acquisition cost (WAC) for reference pegfilgrastim and biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez in a post facto analysis.

Results: In ASP simulations, cost-savings of using pegfilgrastim-bmez over reference pegfilgrastim in a 20,000 patient panel range from $1.3?M (at 15% price discount) to $3?M (35%) at 10% conversion rate and from $6.4?M to $14.9?M, respectively, at 50% conversion. These savings could provide prophylaxis with pegfilgrastim-bmez to an additional 352 (15% discount) to 1,076 patients (35%) at 10% conversion or 1,764–5,384, respectively, at 50% conversion. Alternatively, savings could be reallocated for anti-neoplastic treatment with pembrolizumab to 3 (15% discount) to 9 (35%) patients at 10% conversion or 19–45, respectively, at 50% conversion. When utilizing WAC, cost-savings range from $4.6?M (10% conversion) to $23.1?M (50%) which could provide pegfilgrastim-bmez to an additional 1,174 (10% conversion) to 5,873 patients (50%).

Conclusions: Prophylaxis with biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez increases the value of cancer care by generating significant cost-savings that could be reallocated to provide expanded access to CIN/FN prevention and anti-neoplastic therapy on a budget-neutral basis.     

从衔接和连贯谈阅读教学

衔接和连贯是语篇中的两个定义,通过分析衔接和连贯在阅读中的作用,提出以语篇为中心进行阅读教学,使学生了解语篇连贯与衔接的最基本知识,从而更准确地掌握主题与作者的意圈。