地方炼油企业生存现状及发展对策分析

地方炼油企业,可以说是中国的一大特色.在我国,地方炼油企业是指那些不在国家石油公司名下,有地方政府或民营资本投资的炼油企业.从地炼企业诞生以来,始终生存在政策与市场的夹缝中.由于身份上的"先天不足"外加政策上的"后天掣肘",地炼企业的生存与发展可谓险象环生,因此地炼企业基于生存压力,使他们练就一身应付危机的本领.本文通过对山东地方炼油企业发展现状、制约企业发展的因素等方面进行分析,试图寻找相应的对策,以期对地方炼油企业的发展有一定的裨益.     

Estimating scale economies in financial intermediation: a doubly indirect inference

This paper provides a vertically integrated modelling of the financial production process. In a first stage the activity of commercial banks or insurance companies embodies some technical and commercial aspects such as services to depositors or mutualization of risk through distribution of contracts of insurance. In the second stage banks are involved in the intermediation activity. By using a simulation and the doubly indirect inference method for the estimation we were able to resolve two main econometric problems: decomposition of aggregated data over two vertically integrated stages of production and inconsistency of the estimators due to endogeneity and misspecification. An application to French Banking industry is provided.     

The effect of buyer feedback scores on internet auction prices

One of the major roles of Internet intermediaries is to help build trust between buyers and sellers for efficient and safe transactions. The buyer feedback system started in online auctions as one of the trust‐building mechanisms on the Internet. As the buyer feedback system is becoming a standard trust‐building mechanism in other e‐commerce sites as well as in online auction, there is an increasing interest about the impact of the buyer feedback system. On the top of recent studies investigating the effects of buyer feedback scores on auction prices, we provide empirical validations using more sophisticated methods. In this study, we tested the relationship between buyer feedback scores and bidding prices using an empirical data set from a leading consumer‐to‐consumer (C2C) Internet auction site. Data analysis results show a strong empirical validation of previous studies. Negative feedback is a significant price discount factor in the final auction price on the C2C Internet auction market. The results also show that potential buyers are more sensitive to negative feedback when they are considering buying inherently risky products such as used or refurbished products.     

Information richness on service business websites

Delivering rich information is the key success factor for service business websites. Numerous studies have investigated useful guidelines to deliver rich information. The implicit assumption made by these studies is individual homogeneity. This study argues that this is only one side of the story, as individual heterogeneity is also important. Specifically, this study questions relationships between personal dispositional factors and the person’s perception of information richness. Dispositional factors of interest are age and personality. This study adopted information processing theory as its theoretical lens. A review of literature through the lens leads to the development of six hypotheses. The insurance industry provided the context of this study. Data were collected from 110 potential customers of 10 insurance organizations. The Hierarchical Linear Modeling technique was utilized for model building and hypotheses testing. The result revealed that aging individuals often find information as low in richness. Furthermore, those with high consciousness and extraversion generally perceived information as higher in richness. Lastly, the other three dimensions of personality showed no association with information richness.     

Entrepreneurial applications of the lean approach to service industries

Service industries have grown significantly in recent years, especially in the advanced economies. The applicability of the Toyota system for manufacturing excellence to other industries has been widely studied. This paper seeks to contribute to this growing body of research by exploring the applications of the Toyota approach, particularly the lean system in the service sector. The paper examines the information systems that have enabled benefit in the service industries, to include vendor-managed inventory systems and variants, and then compares the benefits from information systems in support of supply chains. We also review why enterprise systems provide more opportunities in aiding the implementation of the lean systems. We present a case study of a South Korean supply chain system to demonstrate the entrepreneurial application of such approaches.     

The long‐term effects of sales promotions on brand attitude across monetary and non‐monetary promotions

This study compares the influence of sales promotions on brand attitude across promotion types over time. An experiment is conducted with 154 subjects, who are exposed to test materials for 12 weeks. Evidence shows that the long‐term effects of sales promotions on brand attitude vary across deal types. Non‐monetary promotions seem to work better in eliciting consumers' favorable brand attitude than monetary promotions over time. However, such effects are moderated by consumers' deal proneness. Although monetary promotions may induce more negative effects than non‐monetary promotions, these effects are weaker for high deal‐prone consumers than for low deal‐prone consumers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

中国的发展离不开利用外资

经济特区是我国最早大举利用外资的地区。港澳台投资和外国投资是深圳等经济特区投资的重要来源，也是推动经济特区高速增长、对外开放、经济体制改革和率先建立市场经济体制的重要动力。经济特区利用外资的成功实践，产生了良好的示范效应，促进了全国利用外资和对外开放工作，也引致全国的经济面貌发生翻天覆地的变化。以利用外资、对外开放促进改革和发展，是中国成功的经验和有特色的发展道路。     

Equilibrium unemployment as a discipline device when finding employment is costly

Abstract In this paper, we study a model that incorporates costly job search into an efficiency wage model. We show that the relationship between wages and detection rates is ambiguous in this framework. The model can generate a positive relationship, consistent with empirically reasonable values for unemployment rates, job finding rates, and employment duration.